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701.
CRM Lammens EMA Bleiker S Verhoef FJ Hes MGEM Ausems D Majoor‐Krakauer RH Sijmons RB Van Der Luijt AMW Van Den Ouweland Tam Van Os N Hoogerbrugge EB Gómez García CJ Dommering CM Gundy NK Aaronson 《Clinical genetics》2010,77(5):483-491
Lammens CRM, Bleiker EMA, Verhoef S, Hes FJ, Ausems MGEM, Majoor‐Krakauer D, Sijmons RH, Luijt van der RB, Ouweland van den AMW, Van Os Tam, Hoogerbrugge N, Gomez‐Garcia EB, Dommering CJ, Gundy CM, Aaronson NK. Psychosocial impact of von Hippel–Lindau disease: levels and sources of distress. Von Hippel–Lindau disease (VHL) is a hereditary tumor susceptibility syndrome, characterized by an increased risk of developing multiple benign and malignant tumors at various sites and ages with limited preventive options. This study evaluates the prevalence of distress among VHL family members and factors associated significantly with such distress. Forty‐eight families with a VHL mutation were identified via the nine family cancer clinics in the Netherlands. In total, 171 family members (carriers, 50% at‐risk, non‐carriers) were approached, of whom 123 (72%) completed a self‐report questionnaire. Approximately 40% of the VHL family members reported clinically relevant levels of distress, approaching 50% among the carriers and, possibly even more striking, 36% among the non‐carriers. Having lost a first degree relative due to VHL during adolescence (OR 11.2; 95% CI 1.4–86.9) was related significantly to heightened levels of distress. Approximately, only one‐third of those who reported heightened levels of distress had received professional psychosocial support. A substantial percentage of family members experience clinically relevant levels of distress. We would recommend the introduction of a procedure for screening for distress in this vulnerable population. Special attention should be paid to those individuals who have lost a close relative due to VHL during adolescence. 相似文献
702.
703.
Jones RH 《Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics》1996,10(3):233-239
Gastrointestinal disorders are common in the general population, with annual prevalence figures ranging from 20% for irritable bowel syndrome to over 40% for dyspepsia. Less than one-third of patients consult general practitioners for these problems, and anxiety about serious disease and cancer are as important in the decision to consult as symptom severity. Gastrointestinal disorders have significant socioeconomic effects in the community, and account for 10% of the work of general practitioners in the UK. The health economics implications of management in primary care relate principally to the costs of investigation and therapy, notably antisecretory drugs, endoscopy, radiology and specialist referral. Although guidelines based on evidence and agreed between primary and secondary care physicians offer an attractive approach to rationalizing the use of resources, there is at present little health service research evidence on which to base important decisions. For example, in dyspepsia, the role of Helicobacter pylori identification and eradication in an overall management strategy in primary care has yet to be defined. An exploration of the clinical economics of gastrointestinal disorders in general practice raises a number of research questions, which will require the attention of both generalists and specialists. 相似文献
704.
Jonathan Benjamin RH Belmaker Yuli Berzovsky Arsen Revasov Ora Kofman 《Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology》1992,71(Z1):18-25
Lithium powerfully augments the effects of imipramine in resistant depression. We treated four groups of rats for five weeks with (1) saline alone, (2) saline followed by lithium, (3) imipramine alone, and (4) imipramine followed by lithium. There was no augmentation of activity by lithium. Normal human volunteers took imipramine 75 mg daily for three weeks, followed by imipramine 75 mg daily together with lithium 900 mg daily for another ten days. There was no elevation of mood after the addition of lithium. Lithium augmentation of antidepressants apparently requires a pre-existing neurochemical-behavioral disturbance. 相似文献
705.
706.
Metabolism of carcinogenic heterocyclic and aromatic amines by recombinant human cytochrome P450 enzymes 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:6
Hammons GJ; Milton D; Stepps K; Guengerich FP; Tukey RH; Kadlubar FF 《Carcinogenesis》1997,18(4):851-854
The N-hydroxylation of carcinogenic arylamines represents an initial step
in their metabolic activation. Animal studies have shown that this reaction
is catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes P450 1A1 and P450 1A2.
In this study, utilizing enzymes expressed in Escherichia coli (and
purified) or in human B-lymphoblastoid cells, the catalytic activities of
recombinant human P450 1A1, P450 1A2, and P450 3A4 for N- hydroxylation of
several carcinogenic arylamines were determined. P450 1A2 from both
expression systems catalyzed the N-hydroxylation of 4- aminobiphenyl and
the heterocyclic amines, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5- f/quinoline (IQ),
2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), and
2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). Rates were similar,
with values of 1.1-7.8 nmol/min/nmol P450. In contrast, P450 1A1 catalyzed
N-hydroxylation of only PhIP, and no activity was observed with P450 3A4.
Further kinetic analysis with purified P450 1A2 showed similar Km and Vmax
values for N-hydroxylation of the arylamines. Furafylline and fluvoxamine,
inhibitors of P450 1A2 activity in human liver microsomes, were found to be
inhibitory of the recombinant P450 1A2 N-hydroxylation activity. Results
from this study are supportive of a major role for human P450 1A2 in the
metabolic activation of arylamines.
相似文献