手把手教初学者学习医学影像学论文写作

青年学者常常在完成资料收集和分析之后对获得的结果充满了激情。然而,在开始写作论文时,这种热情常常锐减。事实也如此,国家级学术会议的论文数远高于最终发表的医学文献数。优秀的研究成果不能发表的原因2大多在于写作新手在开始写作时对写作的认识混乱和畏缩。一般产生畏缩的原因有2个:要么是研究者不知从何着手,要么是不知如何组织文章结构。不过,大部分放射学论文的写作均有规律可寻,在很大程度上是程式化的。本文试图介绍一种可应用于典型放射学论文的逐段写作法。如果初学者能够完成按照本文教授的18段写作,其论文将具有合理的结构,…     

The association between adverse childhood experiences and adult traumatic brain injury/concussion: a scoping review

Background: Adverse childhood experiences are significant risk factors for physical and mental illnesses in adulthood. Traumatic brain injury/concussion is a challenging condition where pre-injury factors may affect recovery. The association between childhood adversity and traumatic brain injury/concussion has not been previously reviewed. The research question addressed is: What is known from the existing literature about the association between adverse childhood experiences and traumatic brain injury/concussion in adults?

Methods: All original studies of any type published in English since 2007 on adverse childhood experiences and traumatic brain injury/concussion outcomes were included. The literature search was conducted in multiple electronic databases. Arksey and O’Malley and Levac et al.’s scoping review frameworks were used. Two reviewers independently completed screening and data abstraction.

Results: The review yielded six observational studies. Included studies were limited to incarcerated or homeless samples, and individuals at high-risk of or with mental illnesses. Across studies, methods for childhood adversity and traumatic brain injury/concussion assessment were heterogeneous.

Discussion: A positive association between adverse childhood experiences and traumatic brain injury occurrence was identified. The review highlights the importance of screening and treatment of adverse childhood experiences. Future research should extend to the general population and implications on injury recovery.

• Implications for rehabilitation

• Exposure to adverse childhood experiences is associated with increased risk of traumatic brain injury.

• Specific types of adverse childhood experiences associated with risk of traumatic brain injury include childhood physical abuse, psychological abuse, household member incarceration, and household member drug abuse.

• Clinicians and researchers should inquire about adverse childhood experiences in all people with traumatic brain injury as pre-injury health conditions can affect recovery.

     

Treatment of herniated lumbar disc by percutaneous laser disc decompression combined with synchronous suction technique through syringe

Objective： To compare the outcomes of percutaneous laser disc decompression （PLDD） and PLDD with synchronous suction through syringe in the patients with herniated lumbar disc（HLD）. Methods： Forty-two patients with HLD on MRI and those who did not respond to conservative treatment for 6 weeks were randomly divided into group A and group B. In group A, the patients were treated with PLDD and those in group B with PLDD and synchronous suction through syringe. GaAIAS diode laser at 810 nm was used for the ablation in both groups. The treatment effect was evaluated by modified MacNab＇s criteria on the 7^th, 30^th and 90^th day. Results： Evaluated by modified MacNab＇s criteria, the percentages of the excellent and good cases in total patients treated for group B and A were 80.95% and 57.14% on the 7^th follow-up day, 85.71% and 66.67% on the 30^th follow-up day, and 95.24% and 71.43% on the 90^th follow-up day, respectively. Conclusion： Synchronous suction technique through syringe during PLDD improves the overall outcome in the treatment of herniated lumbar disc.     

Helicobacter pylori eradication does not worsen quality of life related to reflux symptoms: a prospective trial

BACKGROUND: Concern has been raised that Helicobacter pylori therapy may lead to the development of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. This prospective study was designed to assess reflux-related quality of life and the symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in patients undergoing H. pylori therapy. METHODS: Patients with a primary complaint of dyspepsia (upper abdominal pain or discomfort) and endoscopic biopsy positive for H. pylori received triple therapy for 2 weeks. A validated reflux-related quality of life questionnaire sensitive to change was given at baseline, 1 month and 6 months after therapy; symptoms were also recorded. A urea breath test was performed 1 month after the end of therapy; patients and investigators were blind to the results. RESULTS: H. pylori was eradicated in 48 of 61 patients. The mean scores in cured patients for each of the five domains were comparable at baseline and 6 months after therapy: differences were - 0.23 to 0.13 (P > 0.20) on a scale of 1-7. The proportion of cured patients with a large decrease in quality of life (10-17% in the five domains) was similar to the proportion with a large increase (15-21%). Heartburn was present at baseline in 22 cured patients; at 6 months, it persisted in 13 and resolved in nine, whilst nine patients developed new heartburn. CONCLUSIONS: A population of patients presenting with dyspepsia should have no overall increase or decrease in quality of life due to symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in the 6 months after H. pylori therapy.