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101.
Cetuximab and panitumumab are monoclonal antibodies used in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) by selectively
targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) axis. Studies have shown that mutations in codons 12/13 of exon 2 of
the KRAS gene render these therapies ineffective. As a result, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and American Society
of Clinical Oncology recommend KRAS mutation testing in mCRC. Appropriate testing depends on the coordinated efforts of the
entire treatment team, including the pathologist, who selects the tumor sample and testing platform as well as interprets
and reports results. In addition to describing rationale and methodologies for KRAS mutation testing, the authors also summarize
their algorithmic approach and elaborate the potential role of newer molecular biomarkers to predict anti-EGFR resistance
in wild-type KRAS tumors. 相似文献
102.
Nick Wilson Deepa Weerasekera Tony Blakely Richard Edwards George Thomson Heather Gifford 《BMC public health》2010,10(1):498
Background
Some countries have started to extend indoor smokefree laws to cover cars and various outdoor settings. However, policy-modifiable factors around smoker support for these new laws are not well described. 相似文献103.
104.
Soudamini Mohapatra A. K. Ahuja M. Deepa Debi Sharma G. K. Jagadish N. Rashmi 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2010,85(3):352-356
Flubendiamide belongs to a novel class of insecticide which controls lepidopteran pest complex of cabbage such as diamondback
moth, cabbage white butterfly, cluster caterpillar etc. Being a newly introduced insecticide no information is available on
its residue persistence in cabbage. A study was undertaken to evaluate the residue persistence of flubendiamide in cabbage
and soil following 2 applications of flubendiamide 480 SC at the recommended and double the recommended dose of 24 and 48 g
a.i. ha−1. Initial residue deposits of flubendiamide in cabbage were 0.33 and 0.49 mg kg−1 respectively. The residues persisted for 10 days from the both the treatments and dissipated with the half-life of 3.9 and
4.45 days, respectively. Des-iodo flubendiamide, a metabolite of flubendiamide, was not detected in cabbage at any time during
the study period. Soil sample collected from the treated field after 15 days was free from any residue of flubendiamide or
its metabolite. 相似文献
105.
Jyoti P. Dabholkar Deepa R. Nair Arpit Sharma 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》2008,60(3):271-273
One of the most common nasal pathologies to present to an otolaryngologist is polyposis. Two well-recognized forms occur, the common antrochoanal polyp and the rare sphenochoanal polyp. Differentiation between the two is necessary for proper management by endoscopic sinus surgery. 相似文献
106.
Alice Kuruvilla Rebecca Cherian Deepa Theodore Jacob Abraham 《Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology》1987,14(1):15-21
Focal ischaemia was produced experimentally in Macaca radiata monkeys by occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCA). There was a lowering of the dopamine (DA) content of basal ganglia after 4 and 12 h of occlusion. DA content was restored to normal in basal ganglia after restoration of blood flow. With the progress of time the DA content was increased above that of sham controls. Changes were also observed in the non-occluded left basal ganglia. The homovanillic acid (HVA) content was decreased significantly at 12 h after occlusion. After the onset of reflow, the HVA content of the right basal ganglia was higher than that of sham controls. The 3,4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) content of right basal ganglia was significantly decreased after 12 h occlusion. Reflow restored the level of DOPAC to normal within 1 h after removal of clip. Discrete changes were also observed in the left basal ganglia at some of the time intervals. 相似文献
107.
Deepa?V.?CherlaEmail authorView authors OrcID profile Maya?L.?Moses Cristina?P.?Viso Julie?L.?Holihan Juan?R.?Flores-Gonzalez Lillian?S.?Kao Tien?C.?Ko Mike?K.?Liang 《World journal of surgery》2018,42(1):19-25
Background
The modified Activities Assessment Scale (AAS) is a 13-question abdominal wall quality of life (AW-QOL) survey validated in patients undergoing ventral hernia repair (VHR). No studies have assessed AW-QOL among individuals without abdominal wall pathology. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of the modified AAS and its implications for the threshold at which VHR should be offered also remain unknown. Our objectives were to (1) establish the AW-QOL of patients with a clinical abdominal wall hernia versus those with no hernia, (2) determine the MCID of the modified AAS, and (3) identify the baseline quality of life (QOL) score at which patients derive little clinical benefit from VHR.Methods
Patient-centered outcomes data for all patients presenting to General Surgery and Hernia Clinics October–December 2016 at a single safety-net institution were collected via a prospective, cross-sectional observational study design. Primary outcome was QOL measured using the modified AAS. Secondary outcome was the MCID.Results
Patients with no hernia had modified AAS scores of 81.6 (50.4–94.4), while patients with a clinically apparent hernia had lower modified AAS scores of 31.4 (12.6–58.7) (p < 0.001). The MCID threshold was 7.6 for a “slight” change and 14.9 for “definite” change. Above a modified AAS score of 81, the risk of worsening a patient’s QOL by surgery is higher than the chances of improvement.Conclusions
VHR can improve 1-year postsurgical AW-QOL to levels similar to that of the general population. The MCID of the modified AAS is 7.6 points. Patients with high baseline scores should be counseled about the lack of potential benefit in QOL from elective VHR.108.
Deepa?V.?Cherla Cristina?P.?Viso Oscar?A.?Olavarria Karla?BernardiEmail author Julie?L.?Holihan Krislynn?M.?Mueck Juan?Flores-Gonzalez Mike?K.?Liang Sasha?D.?Adams 《World journal of surgery》2018,42(9):2757-2762
Background
Substantial discrepancies exist between industry-reported and self-reported conflicts of interest (COI). Although authors with relevant, self-reported financial COI are more likely to write studies favorable to industry sponsors, it is unknown whether undisclosed COI have the same effect. We hypothesized that surgeons who fail to disclose COI are more likely to publish findings that are favorable to industry than surgeons with no COI.Methods
PubMed was searched for articles in multiple surgical specialties. Financial COI reported by surgeons and industry were compared. COI were considered to be relevant if they were associated with the product(s) mentioned by an article. Primary outcome was favorability, which was defined as an impression favorable to the product(s) discussed by an article and was determined by 3 independent, blinded clinicians for each article. Primary analysis compared incomplete self-disclosure to no COI. Ordered logistic multivariable regression modeling was used to assess factors associated with favorability.Results
Overall, 337 articles were reviewed. There was a high rate of discordance in the reporting of COI (70.3%). When surgeons failed to disclose COI, their conclusions were significantly more likely to favor industry than surgeons without COI (RR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.4, p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, any COI (regardless of relevance, disclosure, or monetary amount) were significantly associated with favorability.Conclusions
Any financial COI (disclosed or undisclosed, relevant or not relevant) significantly influence whether studies report findings favorable to industry. More attention must be paid to improving research design, maximizing transparency in medical research, and insisting that surgeons disclose all COI, regardless of perceived relevance.109.
Rastogi D Wang C Mao X Lendor C Rothman PB Miller RL 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2007,117(6):1637-1646
Initial immune responses to allergens may occur before birth, thereby modulating the subsequent development of atopy. This paradigm remains controversial, however, due to the inability to identify antigen-specific T cells in cord blood. The advent of MHC tetramers has revolutionized the detection of antigen-specific T cells. Tetramer staining of cord blood after CMV infection has demonstrated that effective CD8(+) antigen-specific immune responses can follow intrauterine viral infections. We hypothesized that sensitization to antigens occurs in utero in humans. We studied cord blood B and T cell immune responses following vaccination against influenza during pregnancy. Anti-Fluzone and anti-matrix protein IgM antibodies were detected in 38.5% (27 of 70) and 40.0% (28 of 70), respectively, of cord blood specimens. Using MHC tetramers, HA-specific CD4(+) T cells were detected among 25.0% (3 of 12) and 42.9% (6 of 14) of cord blood specimens possessing DRB1*0101 and DRB1*0401 HLA types, respectively, and were detected even when the DRB1 HLA type was inherited from the father. Matrix protein-specific CD8(+) T cells were detected among 10.0% (2 of 20) of HLA-A*0201(+) newborns. These results suggest that B and T cell immune responses occur in the fetus following vaccination against influenza and have important implications for determining when immune responses to environmental exposures begin. 相似文献