Hemodynamic Effect of Propafenone and the Experience in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

The effects of propafenone on left ventricular function and hemodynamics are presented in this study. In one group of 13 patients who underwent electrophysiological testing and subsequent chronic oral therapy with propafenone, eight had left ventricular ejection fractions determined by nuclear study before and during therapy with the drug. Initial measurements ranged from 22% to 39% (mean 30%), while those on chronic therapy showed no statistical difference and ranged from 22% to 48% (mean 30%). In a separate dose titration study of 14 patients, left ventricular ejection fraction showed a modest but significant decrease (52%± 9% to 48%± 11%; p < 0.05). This change was more marked in patients with an initial low ejection fraction. Propafenone appears to be safe in these patients but should be administered with caution in patients with particularly low ejection fractions.     

前白蛋白变化率对肝衰竭预后的预测作用

目的探讨血清前白蛋白(PALB)变化率与肝衰竭预后的关系。方法回顾性分析98例肝衰竭患者的临床资料,对患者进行Child-Pugh分级,并把患者分为好转组与未愈组,收集住院期间初始及末次PALB及其他主要肝功能指标的数值,并计算出PALB及其他主要肝功能指标的变化率。结果入院时患者的初始PALB数值明显下降,且Child-Pugh分级越高,数值越低。好转组与未愈组患者的初始PALB数值相近,当血清PALB数值快速升高时,好转组人数明显多于未愈组;当数值下降时,好转组人数明显少于未愈组;当数值升高不明显时,未愈组与好转组差异无统计学意义,但未愈组人数要多于好转组。PALB变化率的敏感度最高,特异度较总胆红素、凝血酶原活动度、国际标准化比值变化率低,而ROC曲线下面积最大。结论肝衰竭患者初始PALB明显比正常值低,而且病情越重,血清中PALB数值越低,但患者预后与初始PALB无相关性,而与PALB变化率相关。大部分PALB快速升高者,预后好;大部分PALB下降或升高缓慢者,预后差。而且PALB变化率对于预后的预测价值要高于其他主要肝功能指标。     

基于增强图卷积神经网络的病毒形态识别方法研究

背景 透射电子显微镜（TEM）是检测病毒的重要手段,传统TEM检测常依靠专家手工观察,操作步骤繁琐,且已有机器学习方法易受到背景、噪声的影响,导致病毒检测方法准确率差、效率低且耗时长。 目的 探讨增强图卷积神经网络（EGCN）对TEM图像中的病毒形态自动识别问题,以提高TEM病毒检测的效率。 方法 EGCN模型利用卷积神经网络（CNN）提取像素间的局部特征信息,并结合样本特征之间的最近邻关系利用图卷积网络（GCN）进行图特征学习。在模型优化中联合优化群体超分类损失和分类交叉熵损失以提高EGCN模型对病毒类别信息特征的提取能力,较CNN对TEM病毒图像特征具备更强的特征提取能力。 结果 通过不同方法在15类TEM病毒图像数据集上开展实验,EGCN达到3.40%的top-1错误率、1.88%的top-2错误率、96.65%的精确度和96.60%的召回率,并通过一系列对比实验表明EGCN模型可以有效避免TEM图像中背景、噪声等的影响,提高对病毒识别的准确率。 结论 EGCN可以有效解决病毒形态识别任务,为病毒的诊断提供重要的参考价值。     

Age affects spontaneous activity and depolarizing afterpotentials in isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons

Neuronal activity underlying the pulsatile secretion of GnRH remains poorly understood, as does the endogenous generation of such activity. It is clear that changes at the level of the hypothalamus are taking place during reproductive aging, yet virtually nothing is known about GnRH neuronal physiology in aging and postreproductive animals. In these studies, we performed cell-attached and whole-cell recordings in GnRH-enhanced green fluorescent protein neurons dissociated from young (3 months), middle-aged (10 months), and old (15-18 months) female mice. All mice were ovariectomized; half were estradiol replaced. Neurons from all ages fired spontaneously, most in a short-burst pattern that is characteristic of GnRH neuronal firing. Membrane characteristics were not affected by age. However, firing frequency was significantly reduced in neurons from old animals, as was spike patterning. The amplitude of the depolarizing afterpotential, evoked by a 200-msec current pulse, was significantly smaller in aged animals. In addition, inward whole-cell currents were reduced in estradiol-treated animals, although they were not significantly affected by age. Because depolarizing afterpotentials have been shown to contribute to prolonged discharges of activity after a very brief excitatory input, a decreased depolarizing afterpotential could lead to attenuated pulses in older animals. In addition, decreases in frequency and pattern generation could lead to improper information coding. Therefore, changes in the GnRH neuron during aging could lead to dysregulated activity, potentially resulting in the attenuated LH pulses observed in the transition to reproductive senescence.     

Rapid prenatal diagnosis of beta thalassemia using DNA amplification and nonradioactive probes

We used in vitro DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction and nonradioactive probes for prenatal diagnosis of beta thalassemia in Chinese from the Guangdong province. Exact molecular diagnoses were made in all 20 fetuses studied over a 6-month period. We conclude that this method of prenatal diagnosis for beta thalassemia is a viable approach in many parts of the world where this disease is common.     

鞍山市铁东区公共场所使用化妆品存在的主要卫生问题及对策

目的了解鞍山市铁东区公共场所使用化妆品卫生问题,保障使用者身体健康。方法对2013年度鞍山市铁东区卫生防疫站辖区内监管的公共场所随机抽检化妆品,对公共场所使用化妆品单位数及比例,化妆品标签标识卫生问题等进行描述。结果住宿业化妆品使用情况为56%,其他三种场所100%使用。化妆品标签标识检查住宿业合格率最低,仅为50%。国产特殊用途化妆品持有效证件率仅为65%,普通的仅为62%。标签标识问题突出,进货渠道复杂。化妆品抽检合格率低。结论公共场所的化妆品卫生质量令人担忧。     

鞍山市铁东区公共场所卫生基层问题及解决建议

笔者作为基层卫生监督工作人员经过十多年的公共场所卫生监督工作,通过对鞍山市铁东区公共场所卫生监督情况进行分析。发现当前存在许多公共场所卫生监督执法困难和难题,主要表现为卫生监督队伍薄弱,新兴公共场所剧增,公共场所执法依据不确定性（无法可依）等问题。笔者提出相应的解决建议,应转变卫生监督观念,提高监督管理质量。