N－（4－乙氧苯基）苯甲酰胺类化合物的合成及抗炎、抗变态反应活性研究

Ｎ┐（４┐乙氧苯基）苯甲酰胺类化合物的合成及抗炎、抗变态反应活性研究周玉新１）党永红刘建飞２）徐颖刘百里（沈阳药科大学制药系，沈阳１１００１５）郑文义（东北第六制药厂，沈阳１１００４３）１９８１年，刘百里等〔１，２〕发现和研制的新药益肤酰胺，经药理实...     

翼点入路开颅手术中面神经额支的保护

目的:评价翼点入路开颅术中筋膜下分离技术保护面神经额支的有效性。方法 :经翼点入路开颅患者共 6 0例 ,随机分为 A、B两组 ,A组采用筋膜间翼点入路 ,B组采用筋膜下翼点入路 ,每组各 30例。结果 :采用筋膜间入路面神经额支保护率为 70 .0 % ,采用筋膜下分离技术面神经额支保护率为 96 .7% ,两组差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。 结论:与筋膜间分离技术比较 ,翼点入路中采用颞肌筋膜下分离技术能更有效地保护面神经额支     

Differential regulation of cytokine genes in gingival epithelial cells challenged by Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis

IL-8 mRNA in human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs) is up-regulated by Fusobacterium nucleatum, and up-/down-regulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis in a complex interaction in the early stages (< or = 4 h) after infection. The mechanisms involved in this regulation in response to F. nucleatum and/or P. gingivalis infection, and identification of co-regulated cytokine genes, are the focus of this investigation. Heat, formalin or protease treatment of F. nucleatum cells attenuated the IL-8 mRNA up-regulation. NF-kappaB, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 and MAPK kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) pathways were involved in IL-8 mRNA induction by F. nucleatum. Pretreatment of P. gingivalis with heat, formalin or protease enhanced IL-8 mRNA induction. NF-kappaB, MARK p38, and MEK/ERK pathways were also involved in this induction. In contrast, down-regulation of IL-8 mRNA by P. gingivalis involved MEK/ERK, but not NF-kappaB or MAPK p38 pathways. cDNA arrays analysis revealed that mRNA down-regulation by P. gingivalis is a specific reaction that only a number of genes, e.g. IL-1beta, IL-8, macrophage inflammatory protein-2alpha, and migration inhibitory factor-related protein-14, are affected based on examination of 278 cytokine/receptor genes. These data indicate that F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis trigger specific and differential gene regulation pathways in HGECs.     

尺神经深支,骨间前神经旋前方肌支的应用解剖

尺神经深支向近侧无损伤分离后,可超越旋前方肌上缘以上26.58mm,此时宽1.80mm、厚1.00mm,可与宽1.35mm、厚0.89mm的旋前方肌支缝合。     

Sensitive Microplate Assay for Detection of Bactericidal Antibodies to Vibrio cholerae O139

A microplate assay for the detection of bactericidal antibodies to Vibrio cholerae O139 is described. The assay is sensitive, highly reproducible, specific, and convenient to perform. It has been used to demonstrate the induction of serum bactericidal antibodies in Vietnamese recipients of an oral, inactivated, bivalent O1/O139 vaccine, as well as in Bangladeshi patients with O139 disease. In both study groups there was a significant inverse correlation between the preexposure level of antibodies in serum and the magnitude of the subsequent bactericidal response. Although infection generated stronger responses than vaccination, the proportion of responders was similar among individuals with low background titers.     

hTERT gene amplification and increased mRNA expression in central nervous system embryonal tumors

High-level gains at 5p15, a chromosomal region including the human telomerase catalytic protein subunit (hTERT) gene, have been documented in several medulloblastomas. We therefore analyzed hTERT gene dosage in a group of medulloblastomas and other embryonal brain tumors using differential PCR. Amplification of the hTERT locus was detected in 15 of 36 (42%) tumors examined. To correlate gene amplification with message level, we used real-time quantitative PCR to measure hTERT mRNA in 50 embryonal brain tumors. hTERT mRNA was detected in all but one of these cases, and mRNA level correlated significantly with gene dosage (r = 0.82). Log-rank analysis of survival data revealed a trend toward poor clinical outcomes in patients with medulloblastomas containing high hTERT mRNA levels, but clinical follow-up was relatively short and the association was not statistically significant (P = 0.078). Comparative genomic hybridization was used to further analyze the tumor with the greatest hTERT gene dosage and mRNA level, a recurrent medulloepithelioma. hTERT was amplified in the recurrent tumor but not in the primary lesion, suggesting this locus can be involved in tumor progression. Our data indicate that hTERT gene amplification is relatively common in embryonal brain tumors, and that increased expression of hTERT mRNA may be associated with biologically aggressive tumor behavior.     

Ontogenetic transition in fetal wound transforming growth factor-beta regulation correlates with collagen organization

Fetal rat skin transitions from scarless fetal-type repair to adult-type repair with scar between day 16 (E16) and day 18 (E18) of gestation (term = 21.5 days). Deficient transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 and -beta 2 injury response has been proposed as a mechanism for scarless fetal-type repair. However, previous fetal studies have inconsistently reported the degree of TGF-beta induction after injury. To minimize developmental variables in fetal versus adult TGF-beta regulation, we narrowed our study to wounded fetal animals. We hypothesize that TGF-beta ligand and receptor expression will be differentially regulated during the transition from early gestation (E16) wounds manifesting scarless fetal-type repair to late gestation (E19) wounds manifesting adult-type repair with scar. In this study, decreased and rapidly cleared TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2 expression accompanied by increased and prolonged TGF-beta 3 levels in wounded E16 animals correlated with organized collagen deposition. In contrast, increased and prolonged TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2 expression accompanied by decreased and delayed TGF-beta 3 expression in wounded E19 animals correlated with disorganized collagen architecture. Similarly, expression of TGF-beta receptors type I and II were also increased or prolonged in E19 animals. Our results implicate increased TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, and decreased TGF-beta 3 expression, as well as increased type I and II receptor expression in late gestation fetal scar formation.     

Field evaluation of the efficacy and immunogenicity of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine without HBIG in newborn Vietnamese infants

A study involving more than 2,000 infants was conducted in Vietnam to assess the field effectiveness and immunogenicity of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine given at birth, 1 month, 2 months, without concomitant hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG). All received a 5 microg dose of H-B-VAX II at birth. Infants born to non-carrier mothers (Group 1; N = 1798) then received 2.5 microg doses at 1 and 2 months of age, while infants of HBeAg-negative (Group 2; N = 125) or HBeAg-positive (Group 3; N = 88) carrier mothers received 5 microg doses. No Group 1 or 2 vaccinees were infected. In Group 3, 12 (14.6%) of 82 infants did become infected (estimated efficacy 84%). 98.0-98.6% of uninfected infants who were tested for anti-HBs developed a seroprotective concentration > or = 10 IU/L. In hyperendemic Vietnam, where routine maternal screening and passive-active prophylaxis of high-risk infants with vaccine plus HBIG is not feasible, administration of vaccine alone to all newborns may control effectively HBV infection.     

TGF-β1 Null Mutation Leads to CD154 Upregulated Expression in Affected Tissues

The TGF-1(–/–) mouse is a murine model for systemic autoimmune disease. The aim of this study is to elucidate the immunological mechanism that leads to multifocal tissue inflammation and autoantibody production in TGF-1(–/–) mice. Heart, lung, liver, and salivary gland from TGF-1(–/–) were assessed for CD154 expression by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Compared to wild-type littermates, CD154 expression was elevated in all tissues studied. Furthermore, IL-12 mRNA was expressed in the salivary gland and heart of TGF-1(–/–) mice and not in wild-type littermates. This suggests that the CD154 pathway is activated in these tissues. This shows that TGF-1 regulates CD154 expression leading to spontaneous IL-12 production and autoimmunity.