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101.
Paul Crawford BA DipN RMN Peter Nolan PhD MEd BA BEd DN RMN SRN RNT Brian Brown PhD BSc 《Journal of advanced nursing》1995,22(6):1141-1148
This paper argues that in their trainings health professionals are encouraged to use language naively as if it were a transparent medium of scientific communication We contend that language use, particularly in the field of mental health care, should be studied in terms of its social functions and attention should be paid to the inevitably constructive nature of language in patients'records, in order that a'fictional distance'opens up between patients and their records Recent developments in literary theory and narrative analysis can be deployed as theoretical frameworks to understand this process, and we suggest that more attention to the use of language should be included in the educational programmes for health care professionals to counteract the risk of'linguistic entrapment'or'incarceration' 相似文献
102.
The rationale for the use of risk calculators in pressure sore prevention, and the evidence of the reliability and validity of published scales 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Margaret Edwards BA RGN RM RHV DN Certificate 《Journal of advanced nursing》1994,20(2):288-296
Recent studies have shown an increase in pressure sore prevalence rates However, methodological inconsistencies and demographic considerations, which include an ageing population, make it difficult to interpret and compare results A multiplicity of intrinsic and extrinsic factors are thought to be associated with increased risk The development of risk calculators which incorporate these factors has been an attempt to identify which subjects are most at risk so that equipment and nursing interventions can be allocated appropriately Since the 1960s there has been a proliferation of risk assessment scales which have not been subjected to rigorous scrutiny of then- reliability and validity, and this is held to represent a failure of nursing research Recent evidence suggests that if critical cut-off points for'at-nsk'vs'no risk'are adjusted for particular patient populations the validity of existing scales can be improved Missing from the literature are research reports of studies earned out in the community As a result of demographic changes and community care policies, more'at-nsk'patients are likely to be nursed at home Future research needs to include community studies, and a more systematic approach in general, to the study of the predictive value of existing scales 相似文献
103.
Alison E. While BSc MSc PhD RGN RHV Cert Ed Victoria K. Wilcox BSc RGN RHV DN Cert 《Journal of advanced nursing》1994,19(1):52-57
A small exploratory study ( n = 20) is described which compares the experience of children admitted to a day-case unit with that of children admitted to a general paediatric ward. Both samples received inadequate amounts of information, particularly prior to discharge. The care offered in the day-case unit was found to be woefully deficient in many areas and the wisdom of utilizing occasional sessions in an adult day-case unit is questioned. The crucial role of skilled nurses trained in the care of sick children is emphasized. 相似文献
104.
105.
D. K. COCHRANE BSC MN RGN S. A. JOWETT B.NURS MSC RGN RHV DN CERT. 《Journal of nursing management》1994,2(5):223-227
The morale of nurses is a phenomenon often open to public comment without substantiated evidence. This study objectively explored the morale of nurses in a large district general hospital preparing for transition to National Health (NHS) Trust status. Information was sought using a 72-item questionnaire. The investigation was firmly centred around a structured theory which construes morale in terms of nine dimensions. The notion of morale being a construct synthesized of nine dimensions adds to the uniqueness of the study. Other studies fail to differentiate between the dynamic morale construct and the more complacent attitudes of job satisfaction. 相似文献
106.
Graham Congdon RN RMN OHNC DN Cert Cert Ed MA Peter French RGN RMN RNT DipN BA PhD CPsychol FRSH 《Journal of advanced nursing》1995,21(4):748-758
Many nurse educators in the United Kingdom are currently faced with the challenge of change, of leaving the culture of the British National Health Service and integrating into the culture of tertiary education This paper reports on a study of the process of developing collegial relationships in the context of a new collaboration to develop a combined curriculum for nurses within a tertiary institution The aims of the study were to analyse this process of integration and to identify the conditions that enhanced the development of collegiality between members of the nursing group The case study centred on the analysis of data collected on video during unstructured interviews with the five members of the group Data were analysed using Burnard's method of thematic content analysis The paper argues that during the transition from the National Health Service to tertiary education, individual nurse educators and their managers must address problems related to issues such as 'ingroupism', nursing the students, perceived difference between nurse academics and other academics, and expectations of power-relationships 相似文献
107.
Mahmoud Torabinejad Rodney Owen Robert A. Danforth Robin E. Howell 《Dental traumatology》1985,1(1):17-21
Abstract Apical perforations were made in 25 roots of mandibular premolars and maxillary incisors of 2 adult Labrador dogs. Autogenic dentin chips or vitreous carbon powder were condensed to form a 2 mm apical plug in each of 16 canals. The coronal segments of the canals were filled with gutta percha and Grossman root canal sealer by the lateral condensation technique. Using the same obturation technique, the remaining 9 canals were HI led with gutta percha and Grossman root canal sealer 2 mm short of the radiographic apices with no apical plugs. Apical bridge formation and periapical inflammation were compared in 3 groups. 相似文献
108.
E Danforth 《The American journal of clinical nutrition》1983,38(6):1006-1017
Strong support has been gathered for a defect in insulin-glucose-mediated thermogenesis in obese and particularly obese insulin-resistant and/or diabetic subjects compared to lean subjects. This defect appears to be reversible with weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity. The mechanism for this blunted thermogic response is directly related to the decreased glucose storage in the obese and obese diabetic subjects. 相似文献
109.
110.