腰椎附件结构性骨块植骨内固定治疗腰椎滑脱症疗效观察

目的探讨腰椎自体附件结构性植骨治疗腰椎滑脱症的有效性及可行性。方法 102例腰椎滑脱症患者,术中后路椎管减压切除腰椎棘突、椎板及关节突等附件骨,并将其回植椎间隙,作椎弓根螺钉内固定。术后随访1~10年(平均6.5年),随访患者症状缓解程度、椎间植骨融合情况、JOA评分、VAS评分、并发症,并作患者满意度调查。结果 102例患者症状均有缓解。术后、术后1年及最终随访时临床恢复率分别为80.30%、85.80%和85.10%。在术后3、6、12月患者融合率分别为26.5%、81.2%、97.9%。患者满意率达97.9%。结论腰椎附件结构性植骨生物融合能力及支撑能力可以满足临床需要,腰椎附件结构性植骨内固定治疗腰椎滑脱症可以取得满意疗效。     

Femoral Strength Changes Faster With Age Than BMD in Both Women and Men: A Biomechanical Study

Although a large number of studies have addressed the age‐related changes in bone mineral density (BMD), there is a paucity of data for the assessment of femoral strength loss with age in both genders. We determined the variation of strength with age in femurs of women and men by mechanical tests on a cohort of 100 cadaveric femurs. In addition, the age‐related neck BMD loss in our cadaveric cohort was found to be similar with BMD loss of four published population‐based studies. Given the strong correlation found in our cadaveric study between BMD and femoral strength, we also estimated the femoral strength of the four populations based on their reported neck BMDs. Our study showed that men's femurs in our cadaveric cohort were stronger than women's femurs by about 800 N at the same BMD level, and by 1750 N at the same age. The strength differences were not explained satisfactorily by the size difference between men's and women's bones. Similar to the findings of clinical studies, the BMD values of men at all ages were larger than that of women. The age‐related loss rates in BMD and strength were not statistically different between the two genders of our cadaveric cohort. After normalization, strength decreased more than 40% faster than BMD. On average, men reached a certain BMD value about 16 years later than women, and for strength about 23 years later, which may explain the higher rate of hip fracture in postmenopausal women. In patient population cohorts men reached a similar BMD value about 16 to 25 years later than women, whereas for estimated strength, sometimes more than 40 years later. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.