湖北省接受艾滋病HAART患者CD4+T淋巴细胞变化趋势及影响因素

目的 分析湖北省接受艾滋病HAART患者CD4⁺T淋巴细胞变化趋势及影响因素。 方法 筛选2012年1月1日以后接受HAART的成年患者,利用一般线性模型、重复测量方差分析来分析患者的基线、治疗后6、12个月的CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数情况及影响因素。 结果 1 843例研究对象基线CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数均值为(218.94±143.96)个/μl,接受HAART后6个月为(334.31±188.62)个/μl,12个月后为(382.79±204.44)个/μl,差异有统计学意义(F=6 856.98,P=0.000)。影响HAART治疗后CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数上升的主要因素是:性别、开始治疗年龄、WHO临床分期、初始治疗方案、基线CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数。受性别、基线CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数、开始治疗年龄、初始治疗方案等影响,治疗后CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数随时间推移呈线性上升趋势;其中,女性、开始治疗年龄越小、基线CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数越高、初始治疗方案含二线药物的患者上升较快。受WHO临床分期因素影响,治疗后CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数随时间推移上升趋势符合二次方曲线方程,WHO临床分期越靠前,上升速度较快。 结论 湖北省艾滋病患者接受HAART后CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数上升受多种因素影响,建议针对不同的患者及早开展HAART,提高抗病毒治疗的效果和患者生命质量。     

白杨黄素影响两种胃癌细胞系增殖与凋亡的研究

 目的 研究白杨黄素对两种胃癌细胞系SGC-7901和MKN-45是否具有抑制作用的分子生物学机制.方法 通过MTT法检测白杨黄素对SGC-7901和MKN-45细胞的增殖抑制作用,流式细胞术测定经白杨黄素处理后两种细胞的细胞周期,Westen-blot测定凋亡相关因子Caspase-3、Survivin和Bcl-2的表达水平.结果 白杨黄素对SGC-7901和MKN-45细胞具有增殖抑制作用,呈时间浓度依赖性;能够将细胞周期阻滞于Sub G1期;能上调Caspase-3,下调Survivin和Bcl-2的基因表达.结论 白杨黄素能够诱导SGC-7901和MKN-45细胞的凋亡并有效地抑制其增殖.其机制可能与干扰细胞周期及激活Caspase-3,抑制Survivin和Bcl-2有关.     

Effects of insulin resistance and insulin secretion on the efficacy of interventions to retard development of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the DA Qing IGT and Diabetes Study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion (IS) on the development of diabetes mellitus in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) who underwent lifestyle interventions. METHODS: 284 out of 577 individuals with IGT identified by population-based screening in Da Qing, China, who were randomized to undergo diet change and/or increased physical activity had baseline fasting and 2 h post-load insulin determinations. They were followed for 6 years for the development of diabetes. IR and IS were assessed using calculated indices based on fasting plasma insulin and glucose. The interactions of IR, IS, obesity and plasma glucose and the effects of the lifestyle interventions were evaluated using Cox Proportional Hazards analysis. RESULTS: Both IR and IS were significantly associated with the development of diabetes. Lifestyle interventions were more effective in those with lower IT and higher IS at baseline. Diet plus exercise interventions resulted in significantly lower incidence of diabetes, even after controlling for IR, IS, BMI and 2hrPG. CONCLUSION: Both IR and beta-cell function were predictors of diabetes in Chinese with IGT. Lifestyle intervention reduced the incidence of DM and these interventions were more effective in those with less IR.     

Interleukin-11 stimulates multilineage progenitors, but not stem cells, in murine and human long-term marrow cultures

Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a bone marrow microenvironment-derived growth factor with pleiotropic effects on a variety of hematopoietic cells. To more accurately assess the effects of IL-11 on stem and progenitor compartments within the hematopoietic microenvironment (HM), we added recombinant human (rh) IL-11 to human and murine long-term bone marrow cultures (LTMC) and analyzed primitive (high proliferative potential- colony forming cells [HPP-CFC], long-term culture-initiating cells [LTC- IC], and long-term reconstituting stem cells) and progenitor (day 12 colony forming unit-spleen [CFU-S12], colony forming unit-megakaryocyte [CFU-Mk] and colony forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage [CFU-GM]) compartments throughout the duration of the cultures. rhIL-11 (100 ng/mL) added twice weekly resulted in significantly increased nonadherent (NA) cellularity, CFU-GM, and CFU-Mk production in human LTMC. Addition of rhIL-11 to murine LTMC was associated with a 5- to 40- fold increase in CFU-GM and a four- to 20-fold increase in day 12 CFU-S in NA cells. However, IL-11 had no significant effect on total HPP-CFC concentration and decreased the size of the more primitive stem/progenitor compartment as evidenced by both decreased LTC-IC frequency in human LTMC and decreased frequency of long-term reconstituting stem cells in murine LTMC. These data suggest that IL-11 may increase commitment of stem cells into a multipotential progenitor compartment.     

Determination of human platelet antigen typing by molecular methods: Importance in diagnosis and early treatment of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is the most common cause of severe thrombocytopenia and intracranial hemorrhage in the perinatal period. While the gold standard for making a diagnosis of NAIT is detection of a human platelet antigen (HPA)-specific antibody in maternal serum, together with identifying an incompatibility between the parents for the cognate HPA antigen, platelet genotyping is the gold standard method for HPA typing. Platelet genotyping is critical in screening at-risk fetuses for the presence ofthe HPA corresponding to the maternal antibody. In addition, platelet genotyping may play a role in population screening to identify women at risk for sensitization, and thus, fetuses at risk for NAIT. The most commonly used methods of platelet genotyping are sequence-specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP), restriction fragment length polymorphism-PCR (PCR-RFLP), and TaqMan real-time PCR. PCR-SSP and PCR-RFLP are relatively inexpensive and technically simple methods, but they are not easily automated and require expertise for reliable interpretation of results. Newer methods that allow for multiplexing, automation, and easily interpretable results, such as bead arrays, are currently in development and available for research purposes.