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排序方式: 共有163条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
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93.
Detector for dual-energy digital radiography 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A detection scheme is described that allows one to accomplish dual-energy scanned projection digital radiography without switching the x-ray tube voltage. The method employs a high/low atomic number detector sandwich that simultaneously separates the x-ray beam transmitted by the patient into low and high energy components. To test the method, the response of a scanning linear array of energy-sensitive detectors was simulated, and bone and soft tissue images of an anthropomorphic chest phantom were obtained at 140 kVp. These were compared with similar images obtained by switching the x-ray tube voltage from 80 kVp to a heavily filtered 140 kVp. For comparable entrance skin exposures, the dual-energy detector images required a lower tube load and resulted in higher noise levels. The latter is attributable to the fact that the separation in energy between the high and low energy components is smaller with the dual-energy detector than with the voltage switching technique, and to misregistration problems associated with the simulation methodology. A detector design is also discussed that would result in improved energy separation and lower noise levels. In view of this possibility and the tube loading advantage, the method looks promising for digital scanned projection radiography. 相似文献
94.
Evgenov OV Pacher P Williams W Evgenov NV Mabley JG Cicila J Sikó ZB Salzman AL Szabó C 《Critical care medicine》2003,31(10):2429-2436
OBJECTIVE: Recent experimental evidence suggests that activation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channels contributes to vascular failure and early mortality after hemorrhagic shock. The present investigation evaluated the effects of the water-soluble sodium salt of glipizide, an inhibitor of ATP-sensitive potassium channels, in anesthetized and awake rats subjected to severe controlled hemorrhage. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled study. SETTING: Animal research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Male Wistar rats. INTERVENTIONS: Anesthetized rats were subjected to bleeding to reduce mean arterial pressure to either 40 or 35 mm Hg, which was maintained constant for 60 mins. In addition, awake rats underwent blood withdrawal of 4.25 mL/100 g over 20 mins. At the end of the hemorrhage period and 30 mins later, the animals received intravenous (5 and 20 mg/kg) or intramuscular (10 and 40 mg/kg) injections of glipizide sodium salt or vehicle. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: In anesthetized rats subjected to pressure-controlled hemorrhage, glipizide sodium salt improved mean arterial pressure in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the vehicle-treated animals, mean arterial pressure increased from 41.6 +/- 4.6 to 63.1 +/- 3.1 mm Hg in the 20 mg/kg intravenous group and from 33.2 +/- 4.9 to 54.0 +/- 4.7 mm Hg in the 40 mg/kg intramuscular group 60 mins after a 40-mm Hg shock. Furthermore, the drug did not affect the hemorrhage-induced changes in blood glucose concentrations. However, the higher doses of glipizide sodium salt attenuated the increments in plasma concentrations of lactate, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, and amylase. Moreover, the higher doses markedly improved short-term survival after pressure- and volume-controlled bleeding. Overall, the intramuscular injections of the drug exerted salutary effects that were comparable to the intravenous administration. CONCLUSIONS: In rats, parenteral administration of the water-soluble glipizide sodium salt attenuates vascular and end-organ dysfunction associated with severe hemorrhagic shock and prolongs short-term survival. The intramuscular administration provides comparable benefits as obtained by the intravenous injection. 相似文献
95.
Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis in a Chinese population 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
Ko GT; Chow CC; Yeung VT; Chan HH; Li JK; Cockram CS 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(6):463-468
We retrospectively evaluated the characteristics of adult patients admitted
with thyrotoxic hypokalaemic periodic paralysis in Hong Kong. From 1984 to
1993, 45 Chinese adult patients were admitted with acute limb weakness,
plasma potassium ⩽3.5 mmol/l and thyrotoxicosis confirmed by
laboratory investigations. All but one were male. Seventy-five percent of
attacks occurred between 9pm and 9am. Half of the attacks occurred between
July and October (49.1%), most commonly in August (20%). Mean (+SEM) plasma
potassium on admission was 2.17 ± 0.08 mmol/l (range 1.1-3.5).
In 15 episodes (27.3%), plasma potassium on recovery exceeded 5.0 mmol/l,
while in three episodes (5.5%), potassium exceeded 6.0 mmol/l. No patient
had a positive family history of thyrotoxic periodic paralysis. Only 28.9%
had a known history of thyrotoxicosis before their first presentation with
periodic paralysis. Twenty-seven (60%) had clinical evidence of
thyrotoxicosis. Although all were biochemically thyrotoxic, 11.4% had only
a mild degree of thyrotoxicosis (suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone,
high free thyroxine, but normal free triiodothyronine). One quarter of the
patients had a normal erythrocyte zinc concentration, indicating either a
short history of thyrotoxicosis or transient thyrotoxicosis. The diagnosis
of thyrotoxic hypokalaemic paralysis should always be considered in Chinese
patients with acute muscle weakness, especially in young males. Absence of
clinical thyrotoxicosis does not exclude the diagnosis. Plasma potassium
should be monitored carefully during treatment to prevent rebound
hyperkalaemia.
相似文献
96.
TG Lainas IA Sfontouris IZ Zorzovilis GK Petsas GT Lainas E Alexopoulou EM Kolibianakis 《Reproductive biomedicine online》2009,18(6):789-795
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a serious complication of ovarian stimulation protocols. Currently, no curative therapy exists and the main preventive option is cycle cancellation. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist administration in the luteal phase was recently proposed as a new approach for the management of patients with established severe OHSS. Three polycystic ovarian syndrome patients undergoing IVF treatment developed severe OHSS, diagnosed 6 days after oocyte retrieval. On day 6, the patients underwent blastocyst transfer and received GnRH antagonist for 4 days, combined with luteal phase support using exogenous oestradiol and progesterone. Two patients had successful pregnancies that resulted in births of healthy infants, while one patient had a biochemical pregnancy. In all patients, established severe OHSS regressed to a moderate form of the syndrome, no pregnancy-induced life-threatening OHSS was observed, while a short monitoring period was required at an outpatient level, avoiding the need for patient hospitalization. This is the first report in the literature on GnRH antagonist administration in the luteal phase, combined with embryo transfer and exogenous oestradiol and progesterone supplementation. This novel treatment was effective in the regression of established severe OHSS, and resulted in the birth of healthy infants. 相似文献
97.
Fabíola E Rosa Sara M Silveira Cássia GT Silveira Nádia A Bérgamo Francisco A Moraes Neto Maria AC Domingues Fernando A Soares José RF Caldeira Silvia R Rogatto 《BMC cancer》2009,9(1):90
Background
HER-2 gene testing has become an integral part of breast cancer patient diagnosis. The most commonly used assay in the clinical setting for evaluating HER-2 status is immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). These procedures permit correlation between HER-2 expression and morphological features. However, FISH signals are labile and fade over time, making post-revision of the tumor difficult. CISH (chromogenic in situ hybridization) is an alternative procedure, with certain advantages, although still limited as a diagnostic tool in breast carcinomas. 相似文献98.
99.
100.
SM Hakim MB BCh. DLO LJR Milne BSc PhD C Fox BSc MSc IM Nawroz MB ChB MRCPath GT Vaughan MB ChB FRCR G Webb BSc 《International journal of clinical practice》1993,47(6):312-314
SUMMARY A case of chronic invasive paranasal aspergillosis is described which, despite an initial poor prognosis, responded well to treatment with itraconazole. 相似文献