Activation of retinal stem cells in the proliferating marginal region of RCS rats during development of retinitis pigmentosa

Retinal stem cells (RSCs) have been demonstrated at the proliferating marginal regions from the pars plana of ciliary body to the ciliary marginal zone (CMZ) in adult lower vertebrates and mammals. Investigations in the lower vertebrates have provided some evidence that RSCs can proliferate following retinal damage; however, the evidence that this occurs in mammals is not clear. In this study, we explored RSCs proliferation potential of adult mammalian in proliferating marginal regions of Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats, an animal model for retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The proliferation was evaluated using BrdU labeling, and Chx-10 as markers to discern progenitor cell of CMZ in Long-Evan's and RCS rats at different postnatal day (PND) after eye opening. We found that few Chx-10 and BrdU labeled cells in the proliferating marginal regions of Long-Evan's rats, which significantly increased in RCS rats at PND30 and PND60. Consistent with this, Chx-10/Vimentin double staining cells in the center retina of RCS rats increased significantly at PND30 after eye opening. In addition, mRNA expression of Shh, Ptch1 and Smo was up-regulated in RCS rats at PND60 compared to age-matched Long-Evan's rats, which revealed Shh/ptc pathway involving in the activation of RSCs. These results suggest that RSCs in the mammalian retinal proliferating marginal regions has the potential to regenerate following degeneration.     

Detection of HPV types and neutralizing antibodies in Gansu province,China

A total of 82 samples from patients with cervical cancer (Group 1) and 50 samples from patients with other genital diseases (Group 2) were collected in Gansu, China. All 132 samples were tested for HPV DNA with a typing kit that can detect 21 types of HPV, and also tested for neutralizing antibodies against HPV‐16, ‐18, ‐58, ‐45, ‐6, and ‐11 using pseudovirus‐based neutralization assays. The results revealed that 28% (23/82) of sera in Group 1 were positive for type‐specific neutralizing antibodies with a titer range of 160–640, of which 23.2% (19/82), 2.4% (2/82), 2.4% (2/82), 1.2% (1/82), and 1.2% (1/82) were against HPV‐16, ‐58, ‐6, ‐18, and ‐45, respectively. Only one serum (2%) in Group 2 was positive for neutralizing antibodies, which were against HPV‐6 with a titer of 2,560. Overall, 85.4% (70/82) of samples in Group 1 were HPV DNA‐positive, compared with 28% (14/50) of samples in Group 2. The seven most common types detected in Group 1 were HPV‐16 (80%), HPV‐52 (7.1%), HPV‐66 and HPV‐11 (5.7% each), and HPV‐58, HPV‐18, and HPV‐33 (4.3% each), while the four most common types in Group 2 were HPV‐16 (12%), HPV‐52 and HPV‐11 (6% each), and HPV‐68 (4%). The concordance between HPV DNA and corresponding neutralizing antibodies was 32.9% (27/82) with a significant difference (P < 0.005). More specifically, the concordance was 42.7% (35/82) for HPV‐16 in Group 1. The full‐length sequences of six HPV types (HPV‐16, ‐58, ‐33, ‐59, ‐11, and ‐68) were determined and showed 99% identities with their reported genomes. J. Med. Virol. 81:693–702, 2009 © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

烧骨基因位点保存状况及检测方法比较

目的:探讨不同温度焚烧的股骨中基因位点的保存状况及其检测方法.方法:常压下以100℃～500℃对30例成人股骨进行焚烧,提取其存留DNA,用Identifiler试剂盒和Minifiler试剂盒进行荧光标记和复合扩增,ABI 3130xl Genetic Analyzer软件对DNA基因位点进行检测和分析.结果:提取骨密质中的DNA可以获得正确分型,未烧和5个温度焚烧后基因位点存留不同,Mifiler试剂盒比Identifiler试剂盒更能从烧骨DNA中得到STR基因座分型结果.D21S11、FGA 2个位点在2个试剂盒中的检出率差异无统计学意义.2个试剂盒中的FGA位点检出率都不高.结论:温度对骨DNA的保存有很大影响,检测焚烧程度高的骨骼DNA时用Minifiler试剂盒更容易得到基因分型结果.FGA位点不适合作为miniSTR位点用于检测烧骨等降解检材.     

Mitoxantrone-Mediated Apoptotic B 16-F1 Cells Induce Specific Anti-tumor Immune Response

In the process of cell apoptosis induced by specific reagents, calreticulin (CRT) in endoplasmic reticulum is transferred and coated onto the cell membrane. As a sort of specific ligand, the CRT on the surface of apoptotic cells could mediate recognition and clearance of apoptotic cells by phagocytes. In this research we discovered that mitoxantrone could induce apoptosis of mouse melonoma B16-F1 tumor cells, accompanied by the membrane translocation and coating of CRT. When mitoxantrone-treated B16-F1 cells were used as antigen to inoculate mice, the mice acquired an ability to suppress proliferation of homologous tumor cells. Splenocytes from these mice showed an increased cytolytic effect on homologous B16-F1 cells but no such effect on non-homologous H22 tumor cells. All these results suggested that mitoxantrone-treated apoptotic B16-F1 cells could be used as a sort of cell vaccine to initiate effective anti-tumor immunoresponse in mice.     

针吸治疗乳腺增生"包块"临床研究

目的 探讨针吸治疗乳腺增生"包块"的临床价值.方法 2009年9月-2010年3月,随机选取临床诊断乳腺增生"包块"患者400例,分为针吸治疗组、三苯氧胺药物治疗组、乳腺中频仪治疗组、离子导入治疗组,每组100例.对比针吸治疗乳腺增生"包块"的临床价值,并比较各自的不良反应.结果 针吸治疗组使用针吸治疗,治愈24例,显...     

乳酸/羟基乙酸共聚物分子量对艾塞那肽微球性质的影响

目的:制备艾塞那肽一乳酸/羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)微球,并研究PLGA分子量对微球性质的影响.方法:选用不同分子量的PLGA,采用复乳法制备艾塞那肽PLGA微球;对微球的粒径、载药量、包封率和体外释放等指标进行测定.结果:PLGA分子量对艾塞那肽PLGA微球的性质有明显影响.结论:可通过调节PLGA分子量调控微球的性质.     

罗格列酮对体外高糖培养乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探讨罗格列酮对体外高糖培养乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响.方法 SD乳鼠进行原代心肌细胞培养48h后,换无血清的DMEM培养基并转移到24孔板上,随机分为3组,分为培养心肌细胞不加入葡萄糖组,加入25mmol/L葡萄糖组,加入25mmol/L葡萄糖以及10μmol/L罗格列酮组.48h后,分别测定各组心肌细胞乳酸脱氢酶含量;四唑盐比色法测定各组心肌细胞的生长情况及增殖活性;流式细胞仪检测各组心肌细胞的凋亡情况.结果 与正常对照组相比较,经过罗格列酮干预后,乳酸脱氢酶含量显著下降;四唑盐比色结果显示心肌细胞存活率增高;流式细胞仪检测发现坏死细胞和凋亡细胞明显减少.结论 罗格列酮能够抑制体外高糖培养的乳鼠心肌的细胞凋亡.     

Validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire 2 (PHQ-2) in identifying major depression in older people

OBJECTIVES: To determine the performance of the Patient Health Questionnaire 2 (PHQ-2) against the criterion standard for diagnosing major depression, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), and to examine its performance across age, sex, and racial/ethnic groups. DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING: The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) (2001/02), a nationally representative survey of the noninstitutionalized U.S. household population. PARTICIPANTS: The 8,205 adults aged 65 and older who participated in NESARC. MEASUREMENTS: The PHQ-2's criterion validity (sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) against the DSM-IV) and construct validity (Spearman correlations between the PHQ-2 and the six scales of the Medical Outcomes Study 12-item Short Form Questionnaire (SF-12)) were calculated. RESULTS: The PHQ-2's criterion validity for major depression was good (sensitivity=100%, specificity=77%, AUC=0.88). Its sensitivity was 100% for each subgroup. Specificity increased with age, was higher for men than for women, and differed across racial and ethnic groups. For the total sample and each sex, all six SF-12 scales were significantly lower in people who tested positive using the PHQ-2. For each age and racial or ethnic group, most of the six scales differed significantly between those who tested positive and tested negative. CONCLUSION: The PHQ-2 is a valid screening tool for major depression in older people but should be followed by a more-comprehensive diagnostic process. Although its specificity differs by age, sex, and racial and ethnic groups, these differences appear to be of little clinical significance.     

Major depression and disability in older primary care patients with heart failure

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between dependence in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) and major depression among 415 community-dwelling primary care patients age 65+ with heart failure and significant ADL or IADL dependence. Main findings include (1) a progressive increase in depression prevalence from 0% for no IADL dependence to about 40% for 6 IADL dependencies (P < .001), (2) a steady rise in depression prevalence to 40% for 6 ADL dependencies following a "floor effect" at about 10% for 0 to 2 ADL dependencies (P < .001), and (3) the association in a logistic regression model of major depression with number of IADL dependencies (P = .016) but not with number of ADL dependencies (P = .602). Our principal conclusion is that the progressively greater likelihood of major depression as the number of IADL dependencies increases has important clinical, personal, social, and public health relevance.     

低频重复经颅磁刺激对孤独症谱系障碍儿童睡眠障碍及异常行为的影响

目的:观察低频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)对孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童睡眠障碍及异常行为的影响。方法:采用随机数字表法将40例ASD患儿分为观察组及对照组,每组20例。2组患儿均给予睡眠行为干预及个体化常规康复训练,观察组在此基础上辅以低频rTMS治疗,磁刺激靶区为左前额叶背外侧皮质区(DLPFC),刺激频率为1 Hz...