热量限制对成年弱视小鼠初级视皮质突触可塑性的调控作用

目的：探讨热量限制（CR）对成年单眼形觉剥夺（MD）弱视小鼠视皮质突触可塑性的调控作用及可能的分子机制。方法：实验研究。将54只新生健康昆明小鼠按随机数字表法分为正常组、MD+自由进食（AL）组、MD+CR组,每组18 只。小鼠21 日龄时构建MD模型,35 日龄时去除剥夺因素,63 日龄时通过行为学检测视敏度及电生理检测视功能;免疫组织化学及Western Blot法检测视皮质组织中可塑性相关蛋白突触后致密蛋白95（PSD95）、突触素（SYP）、生长相关蛋白43（GAP-43）等的表达;RT-PCR检测胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）的表达。采用重复测量双因素方差分析比较各组数据差异。结果：最终正常组、MD+AL组、MD+CR组分别有14、18、18 只小鼠完成研究。从第1 周开始,MD+CR组小鼠体质量百分比的增加明显低于MD+AL组（P<0.05）。MD+AL组小鼠视敏度明显低于正常组和MD+CR组小鼠的视敏度（P<0.05）。MD+AL组小鼠PSD95、GAP-43、SYP的表达均明显低于正常组和MD+CR组小鼠（P<0.05）。MD+AL组小鼠视皮质中IGF-1 mRNA水平较正常组和MD+CR组显著降低（P<0.05）。结论：CR能改善成年MD弱视小鼠视觉功能,增加视皮质中可塑性相关蛋白的表达,重新激活视皮质可塑性,其机制可能与其调节IGF-1的表达有关。     

肉苁蓉的本草考证

对历代本草记载的肉苁蓉和草苁蓉的原植物进行了考证,认为肉苁蓉的原植物为荒漠肉苁蓉Cistanche deserticola和盐生肉苁蓉C.salsa,草苁蓉为现今的列当Orobanche coerulescens,并对肉苁蓉的代用品和伪品进行了考证。     

牛蒡子苷元现代药理作用研究进展

ARC-G（牛蒡子苷元）为中药牛蒡子中常见的主要活性物质,通过众多学者的潜心钻研,使得ARC-G在药用方面的作用逐渐凸显出来。目前对其药理作用的研究比较深入,有抗炎及增强免疫力、抵御病毒、抗白血病、抑制肿瘤细胞活性和调节血糖等作用。已进行初步研究的药理活性包括抗菌、抵御血小板活化因子（PAF）受体、调节血压稳定以及对于心脏病的调节。本文综述了近几年关于牛蒡子苷元药理作用的文献,以期为更深入地研究ARC-G药理作用以及扩大其临床应用提供参考。     

灯盏花素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后血管活性物质的影响

目的观察灯盏花素对大鼠急性脑缺血再灌注后血浆和脑组织ET、TXB2、6-keto-PGF1α含量的影响。方法选用Wistar大鼠制作Pulsinelli四血管阻断(4VO)脑缺血再灌注模型,以川芎嗪为对照,采用放射免疫法测定灯盏花素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后血浆和脑组织ET、TXB2、6-Keto-PGF1α含量的影响。结果灯盏花素能显著降低脑缺血再灌注后血浆和脑组织ET、TXB2含量及TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α比值。结论灯盏花素通过改变血管活性物质的含量从而对急性脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

扶桑花抗生育成分对早孕小鼠黄体影响的定量研究

本文处用图像分析仪 ,以核浆比和数密度为指标 ,研究了不同浓度的扶桑花提取物—HR 1对早孕小鼠黄本组织学的影响。结果表明 :(1)小鼠黄体细胞的核浆比和数密度 ,随给药剂量 (0、 4、 10、 10 0、10 0 0mg/kg/d)的增加而增加 ,其中 10 0和 10 0 0mg/kg/d两组的黄体细胞核浆比和数密度明显高于对照组(p <0 .0 5) ;(2 )黄体组织学的定性观察显示 ,给药各组的黄体细胞明显退化 ,细胞缩小 ,细胞界限不清。这些结果提示 ,扶桑花提取物的抗早孕作用与妊娠黄体受损有关。     

小儿麻醉医师迈向围术期医师理念的培养

随着现代医学的飞速发展,麻醉学正向围术期医学转变。培养小儿麻醉医师向围术期医师转变的理念,需要在了解儿童病理生理特点的前提下,重点培训小儿麻醉术前访视、术中麻醉相关技能、术后访视、围术期疼痛相关管理及心理创伤的预防与治疗。让患儿安全舒适地度过围术期、减少术后并发症及死亡率、改善远期预后,是每位小儿围术期医师的责任。     

Experimental Design,Equilibrium Modeling and Kinetic Studies on the Adsorption of Methylene Blue by Adsorbent: Activated Carbon from Durian Shell Waste

For the first time, activated carbon from a durian shell (ACDS) activated by H₂SO₄ was successfully synthesized in the present study. The fabricated ACDS has a porous surface with a specific surface area of 348.0017 m²·g⁻¹, average capillary volume of 0.153518 cm³·g⁻¹, the average pore diameter of 4.3800 nm; ash level of 55.63%; humidity of 4.74%; density of 0.83 g·cm⁻³; an iodine index of 634 mg·g⁻¹; and an isoelectric point of 6.03. Several factors affecting Methylene Blue (MB) adsorption capacity of ACDS activated carbon was investigated by the static adsorption method, revealing that the adsorption equilibrium was achieved after 90 min. The best adsorbent pH for MB is 7 and the mass/volume ratio is equal to 2.5 g·L⁻¹. The MB adsorption process of ACDS activated carbon follows the Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, and Elovich isotherm adsorption model, which has determined the maximum adsorption capacity for MB of ACDS as q_max = 57.47 mg·g⁻¹. The MB adsorption process of ACDS follows the of pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic equation. The Weber and Morris Internal Diffusion Model, the Hameed and Daud External Diffusion Model of liquids have been studied to see if the surface phase plays any role in the adsorption process. The results of thermodynamic calculation of the adsorption process show that the adsorption process is dominated by chemical adsorption and endothermic. The obtained results provide an insight for potential applications of ACDS in the treatment of water contaminated by dyes.     

Detection and Characterization of a Reassortant Mammalian Orthoreovirus Isolated from Bats in Xinjiang,China

Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) are increasingly reported to cause various diseases in humans and other animals, with many possibly originating from bats, highlighting the urgent need to investigate the diversity of bat-borne MRVs (BtMRVs). Here, we report the detection and characterization of a reassortant MRV that was isolated from a bat colony in Xinjiang, China. The BtMRV showed a wide host and organ tropism and can efficiently propagate the cell lines of different animals. It caused mild damage in the lungs of the experimentally inoculated suckling mice and was able to replicate in multiple organs for up to three weeks post-inoculation. Complete genome analyses showed that the virus was closely related to MRVs in a wide range of animals. An intricate reassortment network was revealed between the BtMRV and MRVs of human, deer, cattle, civet and other bat species. Specifically, we found a bat-specific clade of segment M1 that provides a gene source for the reassortment of human MRVs. These data provide important insights to understand the diversity of MRVs and their natural circulation between bats, humans, and other animals. Further investigation and surveillance of MRV in bats and other animals are needed to control and prevent potential MRV-related diseases.