内镜下经口入路颌下腺切除术的临床分析

目的探讨内镜辅助经口入路颌下腺切除的有效性、安全性和可行性。方法经鼻插管全麻后，沿颌下腺导管开口至磨牙后区的下颌舌颌沟做弧形切口，内镜辅助下分别沿下颌下腺导管，切断与颌下腺有关的神经、血管、导管，将颌下腺切除。结果5例患者均顺利切除颌下腺，1例出现暂时性舌体麻木，2周后恢复。无面神经下颌缘支及舌下神经损伤,无其他并发症。颈部无瘢痕，美容效果好。结论内镜辅助下经口入路颌下腺切除术安全、可行，值得临床推广应用。     

Enhancement of Structured Reporting – an Integration Reporting Module with Radiation Dose Collection Supporting

Collection of radiation dose derived from radiological examination is necessary not only for radiation protection, but also for fulfillment of structured reports. However, the material regarding of radiation dose cannot be directly utilized by the Radiological Information System (RIS) since it is generated and only stored in the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). In this paper, an integration reporting module is proposed to facilitate handling of dose information and structured reporting by providing two functionalities. First, a gateway is established to automatically collect the related information from PACS for further analyzing and monitoring the accumulated radiation. Second, the designated structured reporting patterns with corresponding radiation dose measurements can be acquired by radiologists as necessary. In the design, the radiation dose collection gateway and the well-established pattern are collocated to achieve that there is no need to do manual entry for structured reporting, thus increasing productivity and medical quality.     

Regional Variation of Climatic Influences on West Nile Virus Outbreaks in the United States

The national resurgence of human West Nile virus (WNV) disease in 2012 raised questions about the factors responsible for WNV outbreaks. Interannual climatic variations may influence WNV amplification and transmission to humans through multiple pathways, including mosquito breeding habitats, gonotrophic cycles, extrinsic incubation, avian communities, and human behavior. We examined the influences of temperature and precipitation anomalies on interannual variation in human WNV cases in three regions of the United States. There were consistent positive influences of winter temperatures, weaker and more variable positive effects of spring and summer temperatures, and highly variable precipitation effects that ranged from positive to negative. The overwintering period may be a particularly important climatic constraint on the dynamics of WNV in cold-temperate regions of North America. Geographic differences in the seasonal timing and relative importance of climatic drivers of WNV risk likely reflect underlying variability in key ecological and social characteristics.