15-脱氧-前列腺素J2激活过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体信号抑制肝癌细胞侵袭转移的实验研究

目的探讨15-脱氧-前列腺素J2(15-d-PGJ2)对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721侵袭转移的影响及其内在的机制。 方法SMMC-7721肝癌细胞经天然配体15-d-PGJ2和(或)抑制剂GW9662处理,用伤口愈合实验和Transwell方法检测细胞的转移侵袭能力,用RT-PCR检测细胞PTEN和MMP-9 mRNA的表达,用Western blotting检测细胞PTEN和MMP-9蛋白的表达。 结果15-d-PGJ2对SMMC-7721细胞的转移侵袭具有抑制作用,并能上调PTEN mRNA和蛋白的表达,下调MMP-9 mRNA和蛋白的表达;单药GW9662无此效应,GW9662与15-d-PGJ2联合能够逆转此效应。 结论15-d-PGJ2是通过激活PPAR信号上调PTEN表达,下调MMP-9表达,抑制肝癌细胞的侵袭转移。     

Experience in the use of the long Gamma nail for 16 femoral shaft fracture that have occurred following initial Asian Pacific Gamma nail fixation for pertrochanteric fractures

From January 1993 to September 2002, 931 patients suffered from intertrochanteric fracture and subrochanteric fracture received open reduction and internal fixation with APGN in our institute. Among these patients, 16 patients (1.7%) developed a femoral shaft fracture after the initial fixation with APGN. Removal of the APGN, closed reduction and fixation with long Gamma nail (LGN) was performed in all the 16 patients. The patients were followed for 12-60 months (average, 39.8 months). The union time of fracture was 12-24 weeks (average, 18.5 weeks) for femoral shaft fractures and 12-20 weeks (average, 16 weeks) for peritrochanteric fractures. Two early complications were noted, including one superficial (6%) infection and one deep (6%) infection. Two malunions (12.5%) developed with no definite functional impairment. The functional results using the Harris hip score were good to excellent. In conclusion, closed reduction and internal fixation with a LGN is very effective in the management of a femoral shaft fracture, a complication of a previous APGN that had been initially used for stabilisation of a pertrochanteric fracture.     

Impact of tension‐free vaginal tape procedure on dysfunctional voiding in women with stress urinary incontinence

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of dysfunctional voiding (DV) in female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and its modification after tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure. Methods: Three hundred and sixty women with SUI were enrolled and underwent urodynamics from 2002 to 2008. DV was determined when non‐neurogenic detrusor‐sphincter dyssynergia occurred during voluntary voiding. It was further quantitatively analyzed using the tense/loose value, a parameter derived from external anal sphincter electromyogram. The distribution of other urodynamic variables was also evaluated. One hundred and fifty patients underwent the TVT procedure and forty of them were studied with urodynamics after surgery during follow up. Results: Overall, DV was diagnosed in ninety‐nine patients, with a prevalence of 27.5%. The functional profile length in SUI women with DV was significantly shorter than that in SUI women without DV (3.13 ± 0.76 vs 3.32 ± 0.65, P = 0.017). After the TVT procedure, the recovery of SUI between cases with and without DV showed no significant difference. The rate of DV state change after the surgery, namely from with to without DV or from without to with DV, significantly differed between the female patients with and without DV (66.7% vs 3.6%, P < 0.05) during follow up. The DV improved after the surgery in SUI women with DV. Conclusions: DV might represent a coexistent finding in women with SUI. The main difference of women with SUI and DV, as compared with those without DV, is a shortened functional profile length. In such cases, TVT procedure can improve DV along with the treatment of SUI.     

Ⅰ、Ⅱ级肝门区域阻断肝叶(段)切除的初步体会

目的 总结区域阻断肝叶、肝段的入肝血管分支,施行各种类型肝切除的经验.方法 回顾性分析2006年～2007年间湖南省人民医院肝胆科行肝门区域血管阻断肝部分切除的319例临床资料.左肝外叶切除127例,左半肝切除(含Ⅰ段切除)89例,右肝前叶切除15例,右肝后叶切除34例,右半肝切除(含Ⅸ段切除)32例,肝血管瘤剥除/肝局部切除19例,肝囊肿剥除/肝局部切除3例.结果 全组无手术死亡,失血量平均(70±15)mL,术后5～7 d复查肝功能无明显损害,未出现肝坏死、胆漏、出血等并发症.结论 区域血管阻断肝叶(段)切除避免了保留肝叶的缺血再灌注损伤,使手术从容不迫的进行,减少了大量失血及肝功能衰竭的发生,是一种安全、有效的切肝手术方法.     

A Quality and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Dialyzer Reuse in Hemodialysis Patients

Background. To evaluate the benefits of dialyzer reuse for hemodialysis (HD) patients, including the cost of HD treatment and patient's survival, a comparison was made regarding the standard practice of single-use dialysis. Methods. From January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2005, a total of 128,232 successive HD treatments in 822 patients in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center were included in this study. Results. Approximately 54.25% (446/822) of patients reused dialyzers. The average times of dialyzer reuse was 2.54. The annual hollow fiber cost is reduced by $241,054.08 U.S. dollars (NT $7,834,257.60). The annual cost of hollow fiber was reduced by $540.48 U.S. dollars (NT $17,565.60) in one patient with dialyzer reuse. The mortality rates in dialyzer reuse and single use groups were 3.1% and 10.9% within one year (p < 0.0001). Multiple logistic regressions showed that single use compared with reuse was associated with higher mortality after adjusting co-morbid conditions including age, diabetes mellitus, etc. Conclusions. We concluded that the benefits of dialyzer reuse included safety in our center and reduction in cost during a 12-month period. Dialyzer reuse may be a safe alternative.     

异常形态精子对植入前胚胎发育和妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨异常形态精子(畸形率≥98%)对植入前胚胎发育及妊娠结局的影响。方法采用回顾性队列研究,分析2017年1～12月在唐都医院妇产科生殖医学中心行ART助孕的2 419例患者临床资料,根据异常形态精子分为3组,即IVF对照组(畸形率≤96%,n=2 129)、IVF实验组(畸形率≥98%,n=90)和ICSI实验组(畸形率≥98%,n=200)。比较3组间植入前受精失败率(受精率<30%)、正常受精率、可用胚胎率等胚胎发育参数和着床率、临床妊娠率、流产率及活产率等妊娠结局的差异。结果 (1)胚胎发育结果:组间比较,IVF实验组受精失败率显著高于IVF对照组(P<0.05),ICSI实验组的受精失败率为0;ICSI实验组正常受精率显著高于IVF对照组和IVF实验组(P<0.05);IVF实验组可用胚胎率显著低于IVF对照组和ICSI实验组(P<0.05)。(2)妊娠结局:单因素分析结果显示,与IVF对照组、ICSI实验组相比,IVF实验组的着床率、临床妊娠率、流产发生率和活产率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);IVF对照组和ICSI实验组组间妊娠结局指...     

极端气温对淄博市居民非意外死亡和寿命损失年的影响

目的 探讨极端气温对非意外死亡数和早死所致的寿命损失年(YLL)的影响,以期为疾病预防控制以及卫生决策提供科学参考。方法 收集和整理2015至2019年山东省淄博市逐日非意外死亡资料和气象资料,计算逐日YLL,采用分布滞后非线性模型(DLNM)分析极端低温和极端高温[分别定义为研究期间日均气温分布的第2.5(-4.2℃)和97.5百分位数(29.1℃)]对非意外死亡数和YLL的滞后效应,并识别脆弱人群。结果 研究期间,淄博市共报告了144 310例非意外死亡,YLL为1 886 493年。极端低温对非意外死亡的影响具有一定的滞后性,单日和累积滞后效应分别在暴露第4和21天最大[死亡的相对危险度(RR)分别为1.05(95%CI:1.04～1.07)和1.23(95%CI:1.10～1.39);YLL的变化值分别为56.51(95%CI:37.92～75.11)和259.55(95%CI:116.45～402.65)年];极端高温的影响较为短促,单日和累积滞后效应分别在暴露当天和第7天最大[死亡的RR分别为1.19(95%CI:1.15～1.24)和1.45(95%CI:1.34～1.5...     

焦虑障碍的注意偏向特点及其与认知风格、人格特质的相关性

目的：探讨焦虑障碍患者对负性刺激的注意偏向特点,并分析其与认知风格和人格特质的相关性。方法：运用点探测范式和心理问卷分别对36例焦虑障碍患者和36例正常者进行评估,比较2组注意偏向、认知风格和人格特质的差异;比较不同性别焦虑障碍患者负性注意偏向分数的差异;比较社交焦虑症和广泛性焦虑症的负性注意偏向分数的差异;分析注意偏向、认知风格和人格特质的相关性。结果：焦虑组和对照组负性注意偏向分数、注意警觉分数的差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）,正确率差异分数、注意解 除分数的差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）。焦虑组和对照组自动思维得分、功能失调态度得分、艾森克人格N维度得分的差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。男性和女性焦虑障碍患者注意解除分数的差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。社交焦虑症和广泛性焦虑症负性注意偏向分数、正确率差异分数、注意警觉分数、注意解除分数的差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）。功能失调态度与负性注意偏向分数（r =0.383）、注意警觉（r =0.204）呈显著正相关（P ＜0.05）;注意偏向分数、注意警觉分数与自动思维、艾森克N维度得分无相关性（P ＞0.05）。正确率差异分数、注意解除分数与自动思维、功能失调态度得分、与艾森克人格N维度得分无相关性（P ＞0.05）。结论：焦虑障碍患者存在对负性刺激的注意偏向,主要表现为注意警觉,该注意偏向存在性别差异,且与认知风格相关。     

基于中国知网的国内助产教育研究热点与趋势可视化分析

目的　分析近20年我国助产教育研究现状、发展趋势及前沿热点。方法　以"助产教育"OR"助产教学"为主题,检索中国知网数据库中2001年至2021年期刊文献。运用CiteSpace 5.7R5软件对其进行可视化分析,并生成知识图谱。结果　本研究共纳入中文文献548篇,年度发文量呈整体上升趋势;国内助产教育研究领域已形成明显核心团队,核心作者群间合作较少;《卫生职业教育》《中华护理教育》《中国高等医学教育》是载文量前3的杂志;关键词聚类显示频次最高的6个主题依次是助产专业、助产人员、助产教育、实践教学、分娩方式、教学模式,形成了助产教育等10个聚类群;我国助产教育领域研究前期多为临床技能教学、结构性考核、教学模式等研究,近3年逐渐转变为模拟教学、翻转课堂、产后康复等方面。结论　我国助产教育研究范围较广且形成明显核心团队,但相关性较弱且研究团队间交流合作较少,高层次助产教育领域研究不足。助产教育者和研究者应给予足够重视,对相关方面展开深入研究。