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41.
42.
A Shankar AV Akulwar Y Singh YS Sirohi VRR Chari 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》2009,65(1):30-32
Background
This observational study was conducted in a small, 45 bed border static hospital, located in a field area, where no blood bank facilities were available. The present study was conducted to elucidate the blood transfusion practices of this hospital. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all blood transfusions performed in this hospital between Dec 2004 and Dec 2006 was carried out. The data collection included blood group patterns, common indications, haemoglobin levels and complications of blood transfusion. Inferences were based on available data and relevant statistical analysis.Result
A total of 246 blood transfusions were administered to 79 recipients during the study period. Only one patient had an Rh negative blood group. The most frequently transfused blood group was A Rh positive. Majority of transfusions were administered to surgical cases and the commonest indication was gunshot wounds with haemorrhagic shock. The mean haemoglobin at admission was 8.93 g/dl. The mean number of blood transfusions per patient was 3.13. No haemolytic or other transfusion reactions occurred in any of the transfusions.Conclusion
This study demonstrates that blood transfusions can be safely administered in field conditions despite constraints of not having a blood bank.Key Words: Blood transfusion practices, Haemoglobin, Anaemia 相似文献43.
T Collin AV Blackburn RH Milner C Gerrand M Ragbir 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2010,92(4):326-329
INTRODUCTION
This is a 7-year retrospective review summarising the North of England Bone and Soft Tissue Tumour Service''s experience of managing 13 cases of groin sarcoma requiring soft tissue flap reconstruction. This study was performed to try to identify where national referral guidelines in sarcoma management had been followed and reasons for any delays. The study also includes outcome data relating to these patients.PATIENTS AND METHODS
A retrospective, case-note review was undertaken using the local sarcoma database to identify approriate patients.RESULTS
In nine patients, national referral guidelines were not followed. This resulted in a mean delay of presentation to the multidisciplinary team of 4.4 months. Ten patients had unplanned excision or exploration of tumours before referral. There were no lower limb amputations. All patients with narrow margins or high grade tumours were referred for radiotherapy. Four patients died; three as a result of distant metastases and one as a result of local recurrence.CONCLUSIONS
Despite delays in referral, treatment by wide excision and plastic surgical reconstruction allowed for local control of these tumours with functional limb salvage. Implementation of National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines and local strategies could improve the expedient management of these patients. 相似文献44.
45.
V. KÜHLKAMP P. MORTENSEN† P. KIRSTEIN† K. den DULK ‡ E. HOFFMAN D. WILBER S. HIGGINS M. KÜHL FOR THE ACUTE VENTAK AV INVESTIGATOR GROUP 《Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE》1999,22(7):990-998
The Ventak AV is an implantable cardioverter defibrillator with dual chamber pacing capability. Features include detection and treatment of ventricular arrhythmias, detection of atrial arrhythmias, as well as dual chamber pacing. The objective of the investigation was to verify the efficacy of the Ventak AV in detecting ventricular fibrillation in the presence of dual chamber pacing. Thirty-three patients, who were to receive an implantable defibrillator were randomized (1:1) in a paired comparison study to the Ventak AV (study device) and the Ventak Mini (control) during defibrillation threshold testing. In order to create a "worst case scenario" for sensing of ventricular fibrillation, pacing was performed at high lower rate limit values (Ventak AV DDD pacing at 150/min, Ventak Mini at VVI 100/min). Ventricularfibrillation was induced and the randomized device was allowed to detect and treat the arrhythmia. This test was repeated for each patient using the alternate device in a randomized order, such that all patients were tested with both devices. The mean ventricular fibrillation detection time for the Ventak AV was 2.0+/-0.11 seconds and for the control device the detection time was 1.8+/-0.11 seconds (P = 0.26). Appropriate tachyarrhythmia therapy decision was documented in all episodes for both devices. The study patient population demonstrated equivalent ventricular fibrillation detection time between the Ventak AV and the Ventak Mini. The Ventak AV demonstrated effectiveness in detecting ventricular fibrillation in the presence of high rate dual chamber pacing. 相似文献
46.
Alexandrakis MG Passam FH Boula A Christophoridou A Aloizos G Roussou P Kyriakou DS 《Annals of hematology》2003,82(1):19-23
Angiogenesis plays an important role in multiple myeloma (MM) progression. Various mitogens such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) have been implicated in the angiogenic process of various malignancies. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a growth factor of myeloma cells and its signaling is mediated via a cell surface receptor complex (IL-6r). IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) are involved in the secretion of VEGF by IL-6r expressing myeloma cells. In this study, serum FGF-2, VEGF, IL-6r, and TNF-alpha were measured in 46 untreated MM patients and were studied in relation to disease stage (by Salmon-Durie criteria) and severity [assessed by serum beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)M), C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha(1)-antitrypsin (alpha(1)AT), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels]. The results showed that FGF-2, VEGF, IL-6r, and TNF-alpha were significantly elevated in MM patients in comparison to controls ( p<0.008) and were significantly higher in stage III disease in comparison to stages I and II ( p<0.03). The mean concentrations of IL-6r were 877+/-374, 1220+/-308, 1431+/-878, and 453+/-180 pg/ml for stages I, II, and III and controls, respectively. Levels of beta(2)M, alpha(1)AT, CRP, and LDH were all significantly higher in MM patients than controls and increased with advancing stage of disease. There were positive correlations of both VEGF and FGF-2 with IL-6r, TNF-alpha, beta(2)M, alpha(1)AT, CRP, and LDH. We conclude that IL-6r and TNF-alpha increase in parallel to VEGF and FGF-2 with increasing stage of MM disease. These molecules correlate with biochemical markers of disease activity and may play a role in the progression of multiple myeloma. 相似文献
47.
J Sastry H Pisal S Sutar N Kapadia-Kundu A Joshi N Suryavanshi KE Bharucha A Shrotri MA Phadke RC Bollinger AV Shankar 《BMC medicine》2004,2(1):1-8
Background
While the basic ethical issues regarding consent may be universal to all countries, the consent procedures required by international review boards which include detailed scientific and legal information, may not be optimal when administered within certain populations. The time and the technicalities of the process itself intimidate individuals in societies where literacy and awareness about medical and legal rights is low.Methods
In this study, we examined pregnant women's understanding of group education and counseling (GEC) about HIV/AIDS provided within an antenatal clinic in Maharashtra, India. We then enhanced the GEC process with the use of culturally appropriate visual aids and assessed the subsequent changes in women's understanding of informed consent issues.Results
We found the use of visual aids during group counseling sessions increased women's overall understanding of key issues regarding informed consent from 38% to 72%. Moreover, if these same visuals were reinforced during individual counseling, improvements in women's overall comprehension rose to 96%.Conclusions
This study demonstrates that complex constructs such as informed consent can be conveyed in populations with little education and within busy government hospital settings, and that the standard model may not be sufficient to ensure true informed consent. 相似文献48.
49.
AV Moughabghab MD G Prevost MD C Socolovsky MD 《International journal of clinical practice》1996,50(8):477-478
SUMMARY This report describes the use of fentanyl in severe tetanus after failure of established therapeutic modalities (heavy sedation, neuromuscular blockade and ventilation). Cardiovascular instability accompanying severe tetanus secondary to sympathetic overactivity and raised catecholamine levels is associated with a mortality of over 50%.1 In this clinical situation, a variety of drugs with a primary or secondary action on the cardiovascular system has been used with varying success. The following case of severe generalised tetanus in the adult associated with autonomic hyperactivity, was successfully managed with large doses of intravenous fentanyl. 相似文献
50.