The neurotoxicity of intrathecal lidocaine is enhanced in postpartum compared to virgin rats

During the perinatal period, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs may be altered. Data about the neurotoxicity of intrathecal local anesthetics in the peripartum period are lacking. So we hypothesized that the neurotoxicity of intrathecal lidocaine during perinatal period may be changed. Therefore, we designed the present study to determine whether the neurotoxicity of intrathecal lidocaine in postpartum rats would be different from that in nonpregnant, virgin rats. Postpartum and nonpregnant rats randomly received an intrathecal infusion of lidocaine 50 mg/mL in saline, lidocaine 20 mg/mL in saline, or saline for 1 h at a rate of 1 μL/min. Four days after drug infusion, the rats were assessed for persistent impairment of sensory and motor function (MF) using the tail‐flick (TF) test, paw pressure test, and MF score. Spinal cords and nerve roots were obtained for light and electron microscopic examinations, and the injury scores were compared between groups. The TF latencies and the mean nerve injury scores of the postpartum group were significantly higher than those of nonpregnant group. Lidocaine induced a dose‐dependent impairment in TF latencies and nerve injury scores. There was no significant interaction between postpartum and the drug. Our results suggest that the neurotoxicity of intrathecal lidocaine is enhanced in rats during the early postpartum period compared with nonpregnant, virgin rats.     

甘油果糖联合甘露醇治疗骨折所致肢体肿胀的临床观察

[目的]观察甘油果糖联合甘露醇治疗骨折所致肢体肿胀的疗效。[方法]将86例骨折病人根据用药情况分为联合用药组(43例)和单独用药组(43例),联合用药组给予甘油果糖注射液250mL和甘露醇100mL注射液,12h交替联合静脉输注1次,单独用药组使用20%甘露醇注射液100mL,6h静脉输注1次,观察肢体肿胀消退的程度和治疗时间。[结果]联合用药组疗效明显高于单独用药组,且治疗时间短于单独用药组(P<0.05)。[结论]甘油果糖注射液联合20%甘露醇注射液治疗骨折所致肢体肿胀效果优于单用20%甘露醇法。     

护理学专业研究生学术失范现状调查

高校中的学术失范从普通大学到重点大学,已经成为一种社会现象,受到社会各界的关注。而关于学术失范的概念,至今没有统一的被广泛接受的标准。概括地说,学术失范行为是违反学术规范、学术道德的行为,国际上一般用来指捏造数据、篡改数据和剽窃3种行为。但是一稿多投、侵占学术成果、伪造学术履历等行为也可包括进去[1]。现如今对于学术失范的研究大     

手部烧伤病人综合健康状况及护理干预研究进展

手是人体的重要器官之一,因其显露在外,容易烧伤,伤后对治疗要求极高,既要最大限度地恢复手功能,同时要取得满意的外观,减轻病人的身体及心理障碍[1]。烧伤病人手部功能的恢复引起广泛的关注,究其原因:一方面,烧伤人数多。钟德才     

Retrieval of aerosol optical depth over bright land surfaces by coupling bidirectional reflectance distribution function model and aerosol retrieval model

A novel aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieval algorithm is developed by integrating a kernel-driven bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) model and the multi-satellite AOD retrieval model for Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. As there is close coupling of AOD and surface reflectance in satellite signal, one will be traditionally assuming a prior in order to solve another one. However, we build a group of equations to solve both AOD and surface reflectance at the same time in our algorithm. Applying this new algorithm to Terra and Aqua MODIS data in Beijing, China, allows AOD and surface reflectance of this region to be retrieved. Results indicate that the MODIS AOD derived from the new method is consistent with AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET), with correlation coefficient (R ²) of 0.812 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.04 at 0.55 μm.     

超声自动全容积扫描与弹性成像对乳腺病变的鉴别诊断

目的评价观察者间超声自动全容积扫描(ABVS)和弹性成像鉴别乳腺病变的可信度,以及ABVS、弹性成像及两者结合在乳腺病变鉴别诊断中的价值。方法 41例患者分别接受ABVS和弹性成像检查,分析ABVS和弹性成像在两位医师中的诊断一致性,ABVS、弹性成像及ABVS结合弹性成像与病理结果的一致性,比较三种方法的诊断价值。结果两位医师的ABVS诊断结果(K=0.620)和弹性成像诊断结果(K=0.654)均具有良好的一致性;ABVS诊断结果(K=0.810)、弹性成像诊断结果(K=0.765)、ABVS与弹性成像结合的诊断结果(K=0.901)均与病理结果具有良好或极好的一致性,其对乳腺病变的诊断准确率分别为91.30%、89.13%及95.65%,敏感性分别为100%、96.42%及100%,特异性分别为77.78%、77.78%及87.50%,阳性预测值分别为87.50%、87.10%及93.75%,阴性预测值分别为100%、93.33%及100%。结论 ABVS和弹性成像在观察者间具有良好的一致性,与病理结果有良好的一致性,在乳腺病变的鉴别诊断中具有较高的应用价值,ABVS和弹性成像结合更有助于提高诊断准确率。     

痴呆患者淡漠症状测量工具及非药物干预的研究进展

对痴呆患者淡漠症状的概念、诊断、特异性测量工具(包括痴呆症淡漠面谈和评定量袁、里尔淡漠评定量表)及非药物干预方法(包括多感觉刺激、音乐治疗、艺术治疗、认知刺激、宠物治疗和综合干预)进行综述,旨在为制订合适的痴呆患者淡漠症状治疗及护理方案提供参考,为临床实践提供理论依据.