几种颅骨修补材料的临床应用及并发症防治

背景：近年来颅骨修补材料也在不断更新,主要有自体材料、同种异体材料和异体材料。目的：总结近年来常用的颅骨修补材料的临床应用及并发症的防治。方法：由作者应用计算机检索维普数据库中与颅骨修补材料及并发症有关的文章,检索时限2002-01/2010-10。检索关键词：颅骨修补;修补材料;自体骨;硅胶;骨水泥;EH复合材料;钛网;并发症。纳入标准：与颅骨修补材料及并发症有关的文章。排除标准：重复研究或较陈旧文献。根据纳入排除标准共保留相关文献45篇。结果与结论：自体骨组织相容性好,无排异现象,但来源受到限制,移植物可被吸收。医用硅胶价格低廉,但组织相容性不够;骨水泥取材容易,价格便宜,但易损伤脑组织。EH复合材料组织相容性和骨结合性较好,但病例数不够。钛合金组织相容性好、性质稳定,但价格昂贵。应根据患者病情、经济条件、当地设备及技术水平等选择理想的颅骨修补材料,努力避免或减少并发症的发生。     

4 305名中小学教师健康状况分析

目的了解中小学教师整体健康状况,分析危险因素,以促进其自我保健意识。方法对2006～2008年进行健康体检的4 305名中小学教师的健康状况进行回顾性分析。结果通过常规体检发现的健康问题:(1)按检出率高低依次为高脂血症、脂肪肝、高血压等,均属于代谢综合征危险因素;(2)男性组、高龄组的健康状况明显劣于女性组、低龄组。结论中小学教师的健康状况不容乐观,代谢紊乱性疾病成为危害其健康的主要因素。     

肺隔离症的CT表现

目的:研究肺隔离症的CT表现及其临床应用价值。材料与方法:收集经手术及病理证实的肺隔离症18例,其中肺内型16例,肺外型2例。全部病例均作胸部CT扫描,8例病灶薄层增强扫描。结果:18例患者的病灶均位于两下肺后基底段。呈囊性病灶5例,实性病灶4例,囊实性病灶9例,病灶周围有肺气肿9例,在CT片上18例中有13例显示有异常供血动脉。结论:CT在诊断肺隔离症上具有较高的价值,特别是能显示供血血管。     

A novel fluorescent off–on probe for the sensitive and selective detection of fluoride ions

A highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for fluoride ions has been developed by incorporating the dimethylphosphinothionyl group as a recognition moiety into the fluorophore of coumarin. The detection mechanism is based on the fluoride ion-triggered cleavage of the dimethylphosphinothionyl group, followed by the release of coumarin, which leads to a large fluorescence enhancement at 455 nm (λ_ex = 385 nm). Under the optimized conditions, the fluorescence enhancement of the probe is directly proportional to the concentration of fluoride ions in the range of 0–30 μM with a detection limit of 0.29 μM, which is much lower than the maximum content of fluoride ions guided by WHO. Notably, satisfying results have been obtained by utilizing the probe to determine fluoride ions in real-water samples and commercially available toothpaste samples. The proposed probe is rather simple and may be useful in the detection of fluoride ions in more real samples.

A sensitive and selective fluorescent off–on probe is developed for fluoride ion detection, and its applicability has been demonstrated by determining fluoride ions in real-water samples and toothpaste samples.     

东方田鼠血清免疫筛选日本血吸虫童虫cDNA文库及新基因分析

目的获得日本血吸虫病新的候选疫苗分子。方法用对日本血吸虫具有天然抗性的东方田鼠血清免疫筛选日本血吸虫肝期童虫cDNA文库，阳性克隆转入E．coliBM25．8环化成质粒，抽提质粒DNA，EcoRⅠ和Hind Ⅲ双酶切，琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定，插入片段进行核苷酸序列测序，并进行生物信息学分析。结果共获得12个不同的基因，插入片段长度为300～1100bp，其中2个具有完整的开放阅读框，为日本血吸虫新基因，命名为sj—sMf1和sj—sMf2，分别编码93个和61个氨基酸。前者含有cAMP磷酸化位点和酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点各1个，后者含有1个酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点和2个蛋白激酶c磷酸化位点。结论用东方田鼠血清作为探针筛选到2个日本血吸虫新基因。     

Immunologic role of nitric oxide in acute rejection of golden hamster to rat liver xenotransplantation

AIM：To evaluate the immunologic role and expression significances of nitric oxide(NO),nitric oxide synthase(NOS),and its isoenzyme in acute erjection to liver xenografts from golden hamster in rat.METHODS:Liver transplantations were randomly divided into five groups(n=6-9):isografts(groupⅠ）;xenografts(groupⅡ）;xenografts plus cyclosporing teatment(groupⅢ）,xenografts plus cyclophosphamide treatment combined with splenectomy(groupⅣ）,and xenografts using cyclophosphamide in combination with splenectomy(groupⅣ）and xenografts using splenectomy in addition to cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine treatments(groupⅤ）.The levels of ALT,TNF-α,and nitric oxide production(NOx)in serum of reciprents were examined,and expressions of typeⅡ（iNOS)and typeⅢ（nitric oxide synthase(NOS)-inducibleNOS(iNOS)and constitutive NOS(cNOS)were observe by NADPH digphorase histochemical and immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS:The level of serum ALT,activity of serum TNF-αand systemic levels of NO metabolite in groups ⅡandⅣwere higher than those of groupsⅠandⅤ(serumALT,2416±475,2540±82.5)nkat·L^-1vs（556.8±43.5,677.30±38.2)nkat·L^-1,P<0.01,(serumTNF-α,353.5±16.1,444.6±28.1)ng·L^-1,vs38.5±5.2,52.0±5.7)ng·L^-1,P<0.01,(serum NOx514.6±18.1,336.0±43.0)nmol·g^-1,vs26.1±5.7,27.7±6.0)nmol·g^-1,P<0.01.Cyclosporine in groupⅢcan repress the cellular immune response and the synthesis of nitric oxide and the expression of NO synthase,but not prolong the lives xenograft survival.The over-expression of NOS,iNOS and cDNA in liver xenograft rejection in groupsⅡandⅣwere detected by NADPH diaphorase histochemical and immunohistochemical staining.CONCLUSION:The degrees of acute rejection can be effectively repressed in golden hamster to rat liver xenografts with splenectomy and cyclosporin,Nitric oxide metabolites,and nitric oxide synthase and its isoenzymes,above all inducibleNOS(iNOS)can be used as potential diagnostic markers for acute rejection in liver transplantation.The cellular localization of nit6ric oxide varies according to the immunologic status of liver xenografts.thus thinking that hepatocyte derived nitric oxide may be protective in the hyporesponsive state,but hepatic injury is likely triggered by centrilobular iNOS expression in the superresponsive state.     

尼莫地平及参麦注射液对脑复苏效应的实验研究

猪经股动脉放血降压至术前的50％，同时阻断其双侧颈总动脉和推动脉。10min后出现平坦脑电图（EEG）且伴随全身抽搐。制成上述急性完全性脑缺血模型5min后，分三组分别给予尼莫地平（0．2mg／kg）、参麦注射液（1ml／kg）及等量生理盐水静滴，比较尼莫地平、参麦注射液对脑缺血再灌流损伤的复苏效应。与对照组相比，结果表现为尼莫地平促进脑缺血再灌流猪EEG幅度的有效恢复且降低了EEG的异常率（P＜0．01）；参麦注射液有类似效果，但作用软弱（P＜0．05）；尼莫地平和参麦注射液均可抑制再灌流损伤后脑环磷酸腺苷（cAM）的升高（P＜0．05）；减轻脑水肿和大脑皮层损伤的程度。提示尼莫地平注射液和参麦注射液对缺血再灌流脑组织损伤有明显拮抗作用。     

M phase phosphorylation of the epigenetic regulator UHRF1 regulates its physical association with the deubiquitylase USP7 and stability

UHRF1 (Ubiquitin-like, with PHD and RING finger domains 1) plays an important role in DNA CpG methylation, heterochromatin function and gene expression. Overexpression of UHRF1 has been suggested to contribute to tumorigenesis. However, regulation of UHRF1 is largely unknown. Here we show that the deubiquitylase USP7 interacts with UHRF1. Using interaction-defective and catalytic mutants of USP7 for complementation experiments, we demonstrate that both physical interaction and catalytic activity of USP7 are necessary for UHRF1 ubiquitylation and stability regulation. Mass spectrometry analysis identified phosphorylation of serine (S) 652 within the USP7-interacting domain of UHRF1, which was further confirmed by a UHRF1 S652 phosphor (S652ph)-specific antibody. Importantly, the S652ph antibody identifies phosphorylated UHRF1 in mitotic cells and consistently S652 can be phosphorylated by the M phase-specific kinase CDK1-cyclin B in vitro. UHRF1 S652 phosphorylation significantly reduces UHRF1 interaction with USP7 in vitro and in vivo, which is correlated with a decreased UHRF1 stability in the M phase of the cell cycle. In contrast, UHRF1 carrying the S652A mutation, which renders UHRF1 resistant to phosphorylation at S652, is more stable. Importantly, cells carrying the S652A mutant grow more slowly suggesting that maintaining an appropriate level of UHRF1 is important for cell proliferation regulation. Taken together, our findings uncovered a cell cycle-specific signaling event that relieves UHRF1 from its interaction with USP7, thus exposing UHRF1 to proteasome-mediated degradation. These findings identify a molecular mechanism by which cellular UHRF1 level is regulated, which may impact cell proliferation.     

DAAs治疗丙型肝炎肝硬化患者疗效及安全性研究*

目的 探讨应用直接抗病毒药物(DAAs)治疗慢性丙型肝炎肝硬化(CHC-C)患者的安全性和有效性。方法 2016年3月~2017年10月在我院接受DAAs治疗的CHC-C患者30例,感染HCV基因型均为1b型。将患者分为3组,每组10例。给予A组索非布韦联合利巴韦林,给予B组索非布韦联合雷迪帕韦和利巴韦林治疗,给予C组索非布韦联和达卡他韦合利巴韦林治疗,所有患者均治疗12周。采用荧光PCR法检测血清HCV RNA,使用日立008AS全自动生化分析仪检测血生化指标,采用基因芯片法 或PCR探针法检测HCV基因分型。按照丙型肝炎防治指南的标准,比较各组快速病毒学应答(RVR)、早期病毒学应答(EVR) 、治疗结束时病毒学应答(ETVR)和持续病毒学应答(SVR)。结果 B组和C组RVR和ETVR均为100%,均显著高于A组的40%和50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在DAAs治疗结束时,A组、B组和C组血清ALT水平分别为(24.2±6.7)IU/L、(22.3±5.6)IU/L和(25.3±4.6)IU/L,血清AST水平分别为(23.2±8.1)IU/L、(24.6±3.8)IU/L和(28.4±4.8)IU/L,无显著性差异(P>0.05);三组血清白蛋白和肾功能指标变化无显著性差异(P>0.05);血清CK水平分别为(63.3±11.8)U/L、(68.5±8.9)U/L和(62.1±10.2) U/L,也无显著性差异(P>0.05);A组出现恶心7例、乏力1例、头痛1例、心悸1例,B组出现恶心4例、乏力3例、头痛1例、心悸1例、皮疹1例,C组出现恶心5例、乏力2例、头痛1例、心悸1例和皮疹1例。结论 DAAs治疗基因1b型HCV感染引发的CHC-C患者近期疗效较好,安全,值得进一步观察。