对116例异位妊娠的腹部超声诊断分析

目的：探讨腹部超声对异位妊娠诊断价值。方法：用腹部超声对116例异住妊娠进行手术及病理检查结果进行分析。结果：114例经手术及病理证实诊断为异位妊娠，诊断符合率为97．68％，误诊率2．32％。结论：腹部超声检查异住妊娠可给临床提供准确率很高的诊断依据，它具有简便、直观、迅速、敏感性高、无损伤及易于重复等优点，所以腹部超声应作为异位妊娠诊断的首选方法。     

关于我国体外诊断试剂监督管理改革的建议

本文综述了美国、欧盟、日本、中国目前对体外诊断产品（试剂）监督管理的现状以及我国存在的问题。并根据我国具体情况提出了对体外诊断试剂监督管理的改革建议。     

医院检验科设备的维修分析

医院检验科设备是为临床提供诊断依据最基础也是最常用的检验手段之一，本文简要介绍了检验科设备在日常工作中容易发生的故障判别及修复时的要点。     

泰素蒂加顺铂治疗进展期NSCLC的临床研究

目的观察泰素蒂加顺铂方案治疗进展期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效、毒副作用。方法收集可评价疗效的进展期非小细胞肺癌50例,以泰素蒂加顺铂方案进行化疗,泰素蒂75 mg/m2静脉滴注,第1天;顺铂25 mg/m2～30 mg/m2静脉滴注,第2天～第5天,每3周为一个周期,2～3周期后评价疗效和毒副反应并随访。结果50例患者中,总有效率为50.0 %,其中初治病例为53.1 %,复治病例为44.4 %,初复治病例间差异无显著性(P >0.05)。中位缓解期为5个月。中位生存期为9.5个月,1年生存率为61.0 %。毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制,白细胞下降达Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度者52.0 %,血小板下降达Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度者为14.0 %。血红蛋白下降不严重。其他毒副反应还有脱发、过敏反应、水钠潴留、静脉炎、末梢神经炎、口腔炎、腹泻等,但发生率均较低。结论泰素蒂加顺铂方案治疗进展期非小细胞肺癌,特别是复发病例,临床疗效比较满意,毒副反应能够耐受。辅以G蛳CSF可防治重度的骨髓抑制,有较好的临床应用价值。     

小切口胆囊切除术中胆道损伤的预防

目的探讨预防小切口胆囊切除术（MC）中胆道损伤的方法。方法对本组15131例MC中发生的18例胆道损伤进行回顾分析。结果1994年12月前施行MC2321例，发生胆道损伤9例（0．39％），1995年以来实施MC12810例，发生胆道损伤9例（0．07％）。结论思想上高度重视、规范手术适应证、规范手术操作是预防MC中胆道损伤的关键。     

YL-1型颅内血肿粉碎仪对高血压脑出血的微创治疗

目的探讨微创治疗高血压脑出血的临床效果。方法根据CT定位，使用YL-1型颅内血肿粉碎仪对颅内血肿碎吸引流。结果治疗36例，存活出院34例，死亡2例。结论微创治疗高血压脑出血，操作简便、安全，疗效好，费用低，是对高血压脑出血治疗的有效的治疗方法。     

Diabetic neuropathic foot ulcers and amputation

A neuropathic foot ulcer is a severe complication of diabetes that can result in a more severe complication, a lower extremity amputation. We conducted a cohort study of 24,616 individuals with a diabetic neuropathic foot ulcer treated within a multicenter wound care network. A total of 1653 (6.7%) individuals had an amputation and 46.3% of these amputations were of a toe or ray (minor amputation). In the more than 10-year follow-up period that we studied, the percentage of those who had an amputation varied between 5.6% and 8.4%. Of those who had an amputation, the percentage that had a minor amputation increased over time from 4.0% in the earliest years to more than 60% in the later years of observation. The single most important determinant of amputation was the observation of fascia, tendon, and bone at the initial assessment. In conclusion, about 7% of those with a diabetic neuropathic foot ulcer will have an amputation and in the past 10 years there has been a remarkable increase in the number of minor as compared to major amputations.     

Cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins and beta 2-microglobulin in lymphoproliferative and other neoplastic diseases of the central nervous system

Humoral immune aberrations may occur in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with lymphoproliferative and other neoplastic diseases infiltrating the central nervous system (CNS). Such aberrations may be of diagnostic importance. We therefore studied CSF and serum from 47 patients with lymphoproliferative diseases and from 16 patients with various nonlymphoid neoplasias; 17 patients and 12 patients, respectively, had neoplastic CNS involvement. Elevated CSF IgM index and oligoclonal IgG bands in CSF and serum were commonly found, especially in patients with CNS involvement. Cerebrospinal fluid IgG and IgA indexes were usually normal. Increased CSF to serum albumin ratio, reflecting blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and increased CSF beta 2-microglobulin concentration were most common in patients with CNS involvement. The results indicate that neoplastic CNS disease should be borne in mind when CSF humoral immune aberrations are found.     

AdEasy1／Cbfa1诱导间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化的实验研究

目的：观察核心结合因子a1（Cbfa1）对兔骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）向成骨细胞分化的诱导作用。方法：体外分离培养兔骨髓MSCs，用AdEasy1／Cbfa1。转染MSCs，在转染后3d,1、2、3和4周时，组织化学和免疫组化等方法检测成骨标志碱性磷酸酶和骨钙素的表达。结果：AdEasy1／Cbfa1转染后的兔骨髓MSCs表现出与成骨细胞相似的形态，并且表达碱性磷酸酶和骨钙素。结论：Cbfa1可诱导兔骨髓MSCs向成骨细胞分化。     

伊凡露临床应用总结

目的 观察法国伊凡露皮肤填充材料用于除皱、填充凹陷性瘢痕及面部塑形的临床应用效果。方法将伊凡露注射于需填充的部位并适当塑形，运用X^2检验比较两组满意率的差异、受术者年龄别满意率差异。结果共120例受术者，术后随访18个月，总满意率为95．8％。两组各60例，术后满意率分别为96．7％和95％，两组问满意率差异及各组满意率与总满意率之间差异无显著意义；受术者年龄别满意率差异亦无显著意义。结论伊凡露皮肤填充材料用于注射填充面部皱纹和凹陷性瘢痕，操作简便，美容效果好，受术者满意率高。