Correction of astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty by relaxing incision with compression suture: a comparison between the guiding effect of photokeratoscope and of computer-assisted videokeratography

PURPOSE: To report the results of astigmatism correction after penetrating keratoplasty by relaxing incision with compression suture and to compare the guiding ability of a photokeratoscope with that of computer-assisted videokeratography. METHODS: In the two independent retrospective series, 11 eyes received a relaxing incision with compression suture guided by photokeratoscope or computer-assisted videokeratography. RESULTS: In 22 eyes, the relaxing incision with compression suture showed a mean 56% reduction in astigmatism and 78% reduction in vector-calculated astigmatism. The mean postoperative visual acuity was improved 2.92 Landolt lines. The 11 eyes in which treatment was guided by photokeratoscope demonstrated a mean reduction of 50% and 71% in astigmatism and vector-calculated astigmatism, respectively, and visual acuity increased 2.44 Landolt lines. Another 11 eyes in which treatment was guided by computer-assisted videokeratography achieved a mean reduction of 67% and 90% in astigmatism and vector-calculated astigmatism, respectively, together with 3.41 Landolt lines improvement in visual acuity. There were no significant differences in astigmatism correction and visual acuity improvement between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that the relaxing incision with compression suture is an effective and safe procedure for correcting high astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty. The two instruments have no significant difference in their guiding capacities for this procedure.     

Mitomycin C alters corneal stromal wound healing and corneal haze in rabbits after argon-fluoride excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of mitomycin C (MMC) on rabbit cornea wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rabbit corneas were stained with dichlorotriazinyl aminofluorescein immediately after PRK. MMC was applied to the right eye and phosphate-buffered salt solution (PBS) to the left. Corneal epithelial wound healing rate and corneal haze were examined. Ultrasound pachymetry was performed. Stromal collagen regeneration was evaluated by fluorescent microscopy. We used terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated D-uridine 5'-triphosphated-digoxigenin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to evaluate keratocyte apoptosis. RESULTS: In eyes treated with MMC, there was no delay to the healing rate of corneal epithelial wound, and less haze 4 weeks after PRK. Ultrasound pachymetry showed thinner corneal thickness in MMC-treated eyes at week 4. Corneal stromal thickness regression was less in MMC-treated eyes observed by fluorescent microscope at week 4. Keratocyte apoptosis was noted in both MMC- and PBS-treated eyes by TUNEL assay and TEM observation. This study discovered the phenomenon that MMC prolongs keratocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: Applying MMC after PRK is an effective method to decrease haze formation and corneal stromal thickness regression in rabbit corneas. The effect may be related to MMC prolonging keratocyte apoptosis.     

如何正确处理正交设计和均匀设计定量资料

1 引言 所有的多因素实验设计都可初分为两大类，其一为“全因子实验”，即全部实验因素的水平全面组合，这种设计被称为“析因设计”（要求在各组合条件下做两次以上独立重复实验）；其二为“部分因子实验”，即仅做析因设计全部实验点中的一部分。当实验涉及的多个实验因素之间的交互作用很复杂且都需要考察时．最好采用析因设计，其优点在于结论比较精确，不但能够检验各因素的主效应，还能全面检验所有因素间的各阶交互作用效应大小。但析因设计也存在着明显的缺点，     

细胞凋亡在非酒精性脂肪性肝病中的作用

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.NAFLD)是指除外酒精和其他明确的损肝因素所致的,以弥漫性肝细胞大泡性脂肪变为主要特征的临床病理综合征.随着生活水平的提高、生活习惯、饮食结构的改变,肥胖和糖尿病的发病率增加,NAFLD的发病率呈上升趋势,严重危害人民健康.而非酒精性脂肪性肝病的发病机制仍不十分清楚,最近研究表明细胞凋亡及其相关因素Fas系统、TNF家族、Bel-2蛋白家族、Caspases蛋白酶家族、NF-κB、细胞色素C及组织蛋白酶B等在NAFLD中表达异常增多,说明肝细胞凋亡在NAFLD的发生进展中扮演了至关重要角色.本文就这方面的研究进展作一综述.     

参麦注射液对自由基所致兔离体心脏功能损伤的保护作用

目的在兔离体灌流心脏观察参麦注射液对1,1-二苯-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基所致心功能损伤的保护作用.方法离体兔心脏采用Langendorff法灌流,记录左室内压(LVP)、左室内压最大上升速率(+dp/dtmax)、左室舒张末压(LVEDP)、心率(HR),定时收集冠脉流出液测量冠脉流量(CF)和肌酸激酶(CK)活性.结果用含 0.25 μmol*L-1 DPPH的K-H液灌流心脏 10 min,可显著降低LVP、+dp/dtmax,升高LVEDP,减慢HR,增加CK释放;用含参麦注射液(1320、1160)的K-H液灌流心脏 10 min,可明显促进DPPH所致心功能损伤的恢复,减少CK的释放.结论参麦注射液对DPPH自由基所致心功能损伤具有明显保护作用.     

生物制剂在儿童感染SARS-CoV-2后多系统炎症综合征的应用研究进展北大核心CSCD

儿童多系统炎症综合征(multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children,MIS-C)是儿童感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2后出现的类似川崎病的过度炎症症状,多发于8~10岁儿童。首选治疗药物是静脉注射免疫球蛋白和糖皮质激素,文献报道危重症患者可选择生物制剂如白细胞介素1受体拮抗剂阿那白滞素、白细胞介素6受体拮抗剂托珠单抗、肿瘤坏死因子α受体拮抗剂英夫利昔单抗等治疗。该文通过阐述上述生物制剂的作用机制,结合案例具体分析生物制剂在治疗儿童感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2后出现MIS-C中的安全性和有效性,以期对具有严重症状的MIS-C治疗提供方案。     

A novel pathway of NADPH oxidase/vascular peroxidase 1 in mediating oxidative injury following ischemia–reperfusion

Vascular peroxidase 1 (VPO1) can utilize reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from NADPH oxidase (NOX) to catalyze peroxidative reactions. This study was performed to identify a novel pathway of NOX/VPO1 in mediating the oxidative injury following myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR). In a rat model of myocardial IR, the infarct size, serum creatine kinase (CK) activity, apoptosis, NOX activity, NOX2 and VPO1 expression were measured. In a cell (rat heart-derived H9c2 cells) model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR), the apoptosis, NOX activity, NOX2 and VPO1 expression, and H₂O₂ and HOCl levels were examined. In vivo, IR caused 54.8?±?1.7?% infarct size in myocardium accompanied by elevated activities of CK, caspase-3 and NOX, up-regulated VPO1 expression and high numbers of myocardial apoptotic cells; these effects were attenuated by pretreatment with the inhibitor of NOX. In vitro, inhibition of NOX or silencing of NOX2 or VPO1 expression significantly suppressed HR-induced cellular apoptosis concomitantly with decreased HOCl production. Inhibition of NOX or silencing of NOX2 led to a decrease in H₂O₂ production accompanied by a decrease in VPO1 expression and HOCl production. However, silencing of VPO1 expression did not affect NOX2 expression and H₂O₂ production. H₂O₂-induced VPO1 expression was partially reversed by JNK or p38 MAPK inhibitor. Our results demonstrate a novel pathway of NOX2/VPO1 in myocardium, where VPO1 coordinates with NOX2 and amplifies the role of NOX-derived ROS in oxidative injury following IR.     

Mechanisms and significance of lipoprotein(a) in hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND:The liver plays a key role in the metabolism of plasma apolipoproteins,endogenous lipids and lipoproteins.Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common fatal malignant tumors in China and in other Southeast Asian countries.It has been demonstrated that plasma lipid profiles are changed in liver cancer. DATA SOURCES:A MEDLINE database search was performed to identify relevant articles using the keywords "hepatocellular carcinoma"and"lipoprotein(a)".The search was conducted and research articl...