TCT检测、阴道镜及荧光原位杂交在子宫颈病变诊断中的作用

目的比较液基细胞学检测(TCT法)、阴道镜检测及荧光原位杂交(FISH)方法对宫颈癌及癌前病变的诊断作用,并探讨其单独及联合检测对子宫颈病变诊断的临床意义。方法收集2007年11月至2009年2月苏州大学附属第三医院妇科115例宫颈脱落细胞标本,其中CIN患者54例、宫颈癌患者25例、正常对照组36例,上述标本均接受TCT液基细胞学检测及荧光原位杂交hTERC基因检测,其中CIN及宫颈癌患者接受阴道镜检查。结果 CINI、CINIⅠ/Ⅲ和宫颈癌患者行液基细胞学检查,宫颈癌诊断的敏感性、特异性及准确度分别为52.0%、100%和84.8%。阴道镜检查的敏感性、特异性及准确度分别为76.0%、94.4%和88.6%。FISH检测的敏感度、特异度及准确度分别为92.0%、72.2%和78.5%。在正常人、CINI、CINIⅠ/Ⅲ和宫颈癌患者宫颈脱落细胞hTERC基因扩增阳性表达率分别是2.8%、6.7%、35.9%和92.0%,组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论荧光原位杂交hTERC基因检测宫颈癌具有较高的敏感性,能与TCT法和阴道镜检测较高的特异性形成互补;hTERC基因扩增阳性表达率与组织学分级具有紧密的相关性,可作为宫颈病变组织损伤程度及预后的一个指标。     

Stimulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide synthesis and release: mechanisms for a novel antihypertensive drug, rutaecarpine

BACKGROUND: Previous investigations have demonstrated that capsaicin-sensitive primary sensory nerves play an important role in modulation of the peripheral resistance of the circulation system. The vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (VR1) is expressed almost exclusively in the primary sensory nerves and cell bodies of these sensory neurons. Rutaecarpine (Rut) can relax vascular smooth muscle via stimulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release by activation of VR1. METHODS: In the present study, we examined the depressor effect of Rut and the possible mechanisms in the phenol-induced hypertensive rats, in which hypertension was induced by injecting 50 microl of 10% phenol in the lower pole of the left kidney. RESULTS: Acute administration of Rut (30, 100 or 300 microg/kg, i.v.) caused a depressor effect concomitantly with an increase in the plasma concentration of CGRP in a dose-dependent manner, which was blocked by capsaicin (used to deplete the CGRP from sensory nerves) or capsazepine (a competitive VR1 antagonist), causing an approximately 85% and approximately 80% change in mean arterial pressure, respectively, and by either of them, causing an approximately 90% elevation of plasma CGRP. In the chronic study, Rut at a dose of 3 or 6 mg/kg per day significantly lowered tail-cuff systolic blood pressure to 159 +/- 8 and 136 +/- 10 mmHg, respectively, compared with hypertensive rats (179 +/- 8 mmHg), and caused a sustained hypotensive effect from day 6 on. Pretreatment with capsaicin blocked the depressor effect of Rut by approximately 65%. Treatment with Rut significantly increased the synthesis and release of CGRP, as shown by the increase in the levels of CGRP mRNA and peptide in the dorsal root ganglia, the density of CGRP immunoreactive nerve fibers in the mesenteric artery, the CGRP content in the spinal cord and the plasma concentration of CGRP, which was markedly attenuated by pretreatment with capsaicin. CONCLUSION: These results suggest, for the first time, that the hypotensive effect of Rut is mediated by stimulation of CGRP synthesis and release via activation of VR1 in the phenol-induced hypertensive rat.     

姜黄素对DSS诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎的疗效

目的:观察姜黄素对葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎的疗效,并探讨其作用机制.方法:选♀BALB/c小鼠60只,随机分为4组,每组15只.A组:正常对照组:B组:DSS结肠炎组,小鼠每日自由摄取5%DSS溶液:C组:姜黄素治疗组,小鼠自由摄取5%DSS溶液,每日腹腔注射姜黄素悬液30 mg/kg;D组:地塞米...     

国产盐酸氮（艹卓）斯汀抗组胺作用的实验评价

目的 :评价国产盐酸氮 艹卓 斯汀的抗组胺作用。方法 :皮内注射组胺增加豚鼠皮肤通透性 ;静脉注射组胺诱导豚鼠休克 ;组胺诱导离体豚鼠回肠平滑肌收缩。结果 :盐酸氮 艹卓 斯汀 (0 .0 5 ,0 .15 ,0 .4 5mg·kg-1,ig)可剂量依赖性地抑制组胺所致皮肤血管通透性增加 ;盐酸氮 艹卓 斯汀 (0 .0 5 ,0 .1,0 .2mg·kg-1,ig)可剂量依赖性地降低休克的反应程度 ,延长休克的潜伏期 ,降低豚鼠的死亡率。盐酸氮艹卓 斯汀 (10 -8,3× 10 -8,10 -7,3× 10 -7mol·L-1)可剂量依赖性拮抗组胺所致离体回肠平滑肌收缩 ,使组胺量效曲线平行右移 (pA2 值为 8.5 5 )。结论 :国产盐酸氮 艹卓 斯汀具有较好的抗组胺作用     

Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy treatment: 3-year results in Taiwan

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the treatment efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin for patients suffered from polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.MethodsIn this retrospective comparative study, we included 25 eyes of 25 patients with macula-involved polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. All patients had follow-up of more than 3 years. We compared the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) scale at each follow-up time points with initial baseline BCVA. We also investigated the factors influencing final BCVA at the 36-month follow-up time point.ResultsAt 6 months, the mean BCVA improved from 0.77 to 0.68 (p = 0.024). All the mean BCVAs after the 6-month follow-up time points were still better than baseline mean BCVA, but the improvements were not significant statistically. The mean BCVAs became 0.68, 0.74, 0.75, 0.73, and 0.72 respectively at 12-month, 18-month, 24-month, 30-month, and 36-month follow-up time points. Better initial BCVA (p = 0.012) and smaller lesion size (p = 0.031) significantly predicted the better final visual improvement at 36 months rather than sex (p = 0.7) and age (p = 0.206).ConclusionAlthough the visual improvement after treatment of PDT with verteporfin was only temporarily significant, the prevention of visual deterioration in these patients persisted during a 3-year follow-up. Better initial BCVA and smaller lesion size were significant factors influencing final visual improvement, and early treatment might be suggested.     

Cytomegalovirus Retinitis and Immune Recovery Uveitis in AIDS Patients Treated with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Taiwanese

Purpose: To determine the characteristics of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and immune recovery uveitis (IRU) in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods: We reviewed data from 47 of 79 consecutive patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and CMV retinitis. Results: The incidence of CMV retinitis in AIDS patients has markedly decreased over the recent 10 years. The characteristics of CMV retinitis have changed. Development of IRU occurred in 24.4%. Conclusions: Symptomatic IRU develops in a significant number of patients with inactive CMV retinitis following successful HAART. Eyes with IRU respond favorably to antiinflammatory therapy without reactivation of retinitis.     

Taurine protects against low-density lipoprotein-induced endothelial dysfunction by the DDAH/ADMA pathway

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a major endogenous nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, is thought to be a key contributor for endothelial dysfunction. Decrease in activity of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH), a major hydrolase of ADMA, causes accumulation of ADMA in some risk factors of atherosclerosis, including hypercholesterolemia. Taurine is a semi-essential amino acid that has previously been shown to have endothelial protective effects. The present study was to test whether the protective effect of taurine on endothelial function is related to modulation of the DDAH/ADMA pathway. A single injection of native LDL (4 mg/kg, i.v.) markedly reduced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and the plasma level of NO, and increased plasma concentrations of ADMA, malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Treatment with taurine in vivo (60 or 180 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the inhibition of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and the reduced level of NO, and decreased the elevated levels of ADMA, MDA, and TNF-alpha. Incubation human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with ox-LDL (100 microg/ml) for 24 h markedly increased the medium levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ADMA, TNF-alpha and MDA, and decreased the level of NO in the medium and the intracellular activity of DDAH. Taurine (1 or 5 microg/ml) significantly attenuated the increases in the levels of LDH, ADMA, TNF-alpha and MDA, and the decrease in the level of NO and the activity of DDAH induced by ox-LDL in HUVECs. The present results suggested that taurine protected against endothelial dysfunction induced by native LDL in vivo or by ox-LDL in endothelial cells, and the protective effect of taurine on the endothelium is related to decrease in ADMA level by increasing of DDAH activity.     

Probucol Decreases Asymmetrical Dimethylarginine Level by Alternation of Protein Arginine Methyltransferase I and Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase Activity

Hypothesis Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (NOS), may play an important role in endothelium dysfunction. Probucol, a potent antioxidant drug, may improve endothelium function via reduction of NOS inhibitor level. The present study examined whether the decreased level of ADMA by probucol is related to enhancement of protein arginine methyltransferase I (PRMT I) expression and reduction of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) activity. Methods Endothelial cells were cultured and used for all these studies. ADMA concentration and DDAH activity were determined by HPLC. Expression of PRMT I and eNOS were characterized by western blot. Results Pretreatment with oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) (10, 30 or 100 μg/ml) or lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 μg/ml) for 12, 24 or 48 h markedly increased the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in cultured endothelial cell. Incubation ofendothelial cells with ox-LDL (100 μg/ml) or LPC (5.0 μg/ml) for 48 h significantly increased the expression of PRMT I, and levels of MDA and ADMA, and decreased the concentration of nitrite/nitrate, the expression of eNOS and the activity of DDAH. Probucol significantly decreased the level of ADMA, concomitantly with reduction of PRMT I expression and elevation of DDAH activity and up-regulation of eNOS expression. Conclusion In summary, the present results suggest that the protective effect of probucol on endothelium is related to reduction of ADMA concentration by inhibition of PRMT I expression and enhancement of DDAH activity.