Localization of bradykinin B2 receptors in the endometrium and myometrium of rat uterus and the effects of estrogen and progesterone.

In the uterus, bradykinin is a potent inducer of smooth muscle contraction, which is mediated by the bradykinin B2 receptor subtype. However, little is known about the distribution or regulation of this receptor in this tissue. The aim of this study was to localize the B2 receptor in the uterus and determine whether the levels of this receptor were altered during the estrous cycle and modulated by estrogen and/or progesterone in ovariectomized rats. At diestrus, uterine B2 receptors were localized to both the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers of the myometrium, the endometrial stroma, the glandular epithelium, and the layer subjacent to the luminal epithelium. B2 receptor levels in both myometrium and endometrium were lowest during early proestrus, when estrogen levels are low, whereas myometrial B2 receptor protein and messenger RNA levels were highest during late proestrous, when estrogen levels peak. Similar findings were observed for the estrogen-supplemented group after ovariectomy, with progesterone appearing to inhibit the estrogen-induced rise in bradykinin B2 receptor density in estrogen/progesterone-treated animals. Using in vitro receptor autoradiography employing the specific B2 receptor antagonist analog, HPP-HOE140, immunostaining with specific antipeptide antibodies generated against the B2 receptor, and in situ hybridization using a specific bradykinin B2 receptor riboprobe, our findings show a discrete distribution of the bradykinin B2 receptor throughout the different layers of the uterus and suggest that bradykinin B2 receptor levels in the rat uterus are regulated by estrogen, and possibly progesterone, in both myometrium and endometrium.     

机体应激强度与环核苷酸系统的动态变化

目的　为探讨环核苷酸系统在创伤应激状态下作为机体内分泌系统第二信使的变化及意义。方法　以放免法测定 16例低温麻醉体外循环者围术期 7个时段的血浆cAMP、cGMP值。结果　发现随机体承受刺激强度的增减 ,cAMP呈同步改变 ,而cGMP增高主要与心脏承受手术操作和体外循环刺激有关。结论　认为对血浆环核苷酸系统的动态观察可作为机体创伤应激反应强度的一个综合参考指标 ,体外循环心脏直视手术亦可作为特定的机体创伤模式为科研及临床观察所用。     

X线血管造影图像序列的同步获取问题研究

目的　血管造影图像序列的采集。方法　先详细描述了影响同步的两个重要因素,然后论述了在ＰＣ机环境下,利用自行开发的控制卡与图像采集卡及辅助软件相结合实现Ｘ 线机曝光与图像序列采集之间的同步方案,并具体给出了方案实现的详细过程。结果　以脑血管为例,获得了一致均匀良好的造影图像序列。结论　目前决定国产ＤＳＡ系统质量的关键问题之一就是减影前造影图像序列的稳定采集,利用本文提出的简单巧妙的采集同步方案最终获得了良好的造影图像序列,证明了本方案是完全可行的。     

Brain tumors with hemorrhage.

Various types of brain tumors may cause hemorrhage. The purpose of the study was to examine the clinical relevance of tumor hemorrhage and the hemorrhagic mechanism from the pathologic viewpoint. We retrospectively reviewed 761 consecutive brain tumor cases according to clinical, operative, and pathologic records. Pituitary adenomas and recurrent tumors were excluded. Twenty-seven patients (17 men and 10 women, mean age, 50 years) with brain tumor hemorrhage were identified, resulting in an incidence of 3.5%. In 632 cases of primary brain tumors, there were 15 cases with hemorrhage, resulting in an incidence of 2.4%. There were 12 cases of brain tumor hemorrhage in 129 patients with metastatic tumors, for an incidence of 9.3% Among hemorrhagic cases, 63.0% of patients presented with acute onset of clinical deterioration. In 72.7% of gliomas with hemorrhage, hematoma appeared within the tumor, and 75% of metastatic brain tumors with hemorrhage were intracerebral hemorrhages around the borders of the tumors. The highest hemorrhage rate for primary brain tumors occurred in pilocytic astrocytomas, while the highest hemorrhage rates in secondary tumors occurred in metastatic thyroid papillary carcinomas and hepatocellular carcinomas. In our pathology study, increasing intratumor vascularization with dilated, thin-walled vessels and tumor necrosis were the most important mechanisms of hemorrhage.     

隐神经营养血管蒂逆行岛状皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损

目的 应用隐神经营养血管蒂逆行岛关皮瓣修复组织缺损。方法 以隐神经相伴行的大隐静脉体表投影为轴线,根据受区大小、部位及旋转点的位置设计逆行岛状皮瓣。结果 临床应用６例,修复小腿足踝部创面,皮瓣完全成活,皮瓣面积最大６ｃｍ×８ｃｍ。经６－２０个月随访,效果满意。结论 根据皮神经的血管构筑与皮肤血供密切相关的特点,设计隐神经营养血管蒂逆行岛状皮瓣安全可靠,操作简便,为小腿创面修复提供了一种可靠的新方法     

患者头部后仰角度对声门暴露的影响:基于CT上呼吸道矢状面图像的模拟评估方法

目的 利用CT三维重建上呼吸道矢状面图像模拟探讨头部后仰角度对声门暴露的影响。方法 选择已在笔者医院实施头颈部上呼吸道螺旋CT扫描的患者80例,患者年龄7~78岁,利用AW4.4 workstation的3D-CT重建软件获取患者上呼吸道矢状位图像,在重建图像上选择正中矢状位并进行解剖学参数的测量：角α（A0组）,即上切牙下缘、会厌根部、声门中点以会厌根部为交点所成角的度数。将得到的矢状位图像,按照人体实际尺寸以1：1的比例打印出来,以上切牙下缘为起点,会厌根部为终点,经硬腭、软腭沿弧线将图片剪开,以备用。通过顺时针方向增加角α的度数来模拟头部后仰的过程,以上切牙下缘与会厌根部的连线为基线,分别使角α增加10°（A10组）、20°（A20组）和30°（A30组）,模拟使用纸质直接弯喉镜（Macintosh喉镜）模型窥视声门,根据声门暴露情况,记录各组声门暴露的成功率。结果 与A0组比较,A10组、A20组和A30组声门暴露的成功率明显升高（P<0.05）;与A10组比较,A20组和A30组声门暴露的成功率明显升高（P<0.05）;与A20组比较,A30组声门暴露的成功率明显升高（P<0.05）。结论 基于CT上呼吸道矢状面图像,可以直观的模拟评估患者头部后仰角度对声门暴露的影响。     

Comparison of the femtosecond laser and mechanical microkeratome for flap cutting in LASIK

AIM: To compare refractive results, higher-order aberrations (HOAs), contrast sensitivity and dry eye after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) performed with a femtosecond laser versus a mechanical microkeratome for myopia and astigmatism.METHODS: In this prospective, non-randomized study, 120 eyes with myopia received a LASIK surgery with the VisuMax femtosecond laser for flap cutting, and 120 eyes received a conventional LASIK surgery with a mechanical microkeratome. Flap thickness, visual acuity, manifest refraction, contrast sensitivity function (CSF) curves, HOAs and dry-eye were measured at 1wk; 1, 3, 6mo after surgery.RESULTS:At 6mo postoperatively, the mean central flap thickness in femtosecond laser procedure was 113.05±5.89 µm (attempted thickness 110 µm), and 148.36±21.24 µm (attempted thickness 140 µm) in mechanical microkeratome procedure. An uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) of 4.9 or better was obtained in more than 98% of eyes treated by both methods, a gain in logMAR lines of corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) occurred in more than 70% of eyes treated by both methods, and no eye lost ≥1 lines of CDVA in both groups. The difference of the mean UDVA and CDVA between two groups at any time post-surgery were not statistically significant (P＞0.05). The postoperative changes of spherical equivalent occurred markedly during the first month in both groups. The total root mean square values of HOAs and spherical aberrations in the femtosecond treated eyes were markedly less than those in the microkeratome treated eyes during 6mo visit after surgery (P＜0.01). The CSF values of the femtosecond treated eyes were also higher than those of the microkeratome treated eyes at all space frequency (P＜0.01). The mean ocular surface disease index scores in both groups were increased at 1wk, and recovered to preoperative level at 1mo after surgery. The mean tear breakup time (TBUT) of the femtosecond treated eyes were markedly longer than those of the microkeratome treated eyes at postoperative 1, 3mo (P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Both the femtosecond laser and the mechanical microkeratome for LASIK flap cutting are safe and effective to correct myopia, with no statistically significant difference in the UDVA, CDVA during 6mo follow-up. Refractive results remained stable after 1mo post-operation for both groups. The femtosecond laser may have advantages over the microkeratome in the flap thickness predictability, fewer induced HOAs, better CSF, and longer TBUT.