The Reliability of a Scoring System for Corrosion and Fretting,and Its Relationship to Material Loss of Tapered,Modular Junctions of Retrieved Hip Implants

It has been suggested that corrosion and fretting at the tapered, modular junctions of hip arthroplasties may contribute to implant failure. In this study the reliability of a commonly used peer-reviewed scoring system for visual assessment of corrosion and fretting at these junctions was evaluated. Volumetric material loss at the tapered head surface was measured and associations with the visual scores were investigated. We found that the inter-observer reproducibility and single-observer repeatability of the corrosion scores were substantial using Cohen’s weighted Kappa statistic (k = 0.64–0.71). The reproducibility and repeatability of the fretting scores however were slight to fair (k = 0.18–0.31). Taper corrosion scores were significantly and moderately correlated with the volume of material loss measured (Spearman’s r = 0.59; P < 0.001). We recommend the continued use of this scoring system but it should not be a substitute for measurement of material loss.     

治疗骨质疏松新靶点：辅助T细胞-17

骨质疏松是一种常见疾病,骨质疏松的病因学和发病机制至今还没有被阐明清楚,目前还没有彻底治疗骨质疏松的方法,但是研究疾病的发病机制可以为骨质疏松患者提供全新的治疗方法。最近的研究表明了辅助T细胞（ Th）在骨量丢失（一种系统性的炎症反应）发病机制中可能存在作用。然而,在一些已经发表的文章中,Th1／Th2细胞在调节破骨细胞的功能上存在着争议,这一争议被新近发现的Th17细胞所解决。 Th17是一种新亚型的T细胞,可以选择性的分泌不同的促炎因子,刺激破骨细胞分裂,已经被证实在炎症动物模型中可以加速骨量的丢失。因此Th17细胞会是未来治疗骨质疏松的目标靶点。     

肝脏神经内分泌癌1例

神经内分泌癌又称类癌，多见于胃肠道，支气管等部位，很少见于肝脏，本文报告1例经病理证实的肝脏神经内分泌癌，旨在探讨其景仰学和组织学特点。     

传染病分子生物学实验教学实践与体会

随着生命科学的快速发展,分子生物学在传染病诊断和治疗研究中的作用日益重要。本文针对传染病专科医院分子生物学实验教学特点,以问题为导向的教学方法（PBL）为核心,从更新教学内容、改进教学方法、丰富教学手段及培养科学思维等方面阐述了研究生细胞生物学实验教学改革的实践及体会。     

Methodology-dependent Variation in Documentation of Outcome Predictors in Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest

Objective: To identify variation in outcome predictor documentation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest associated with two different methods of data collection: concurrent questioning of personnel following a resuscitation attempt and archival report review.
Methods: All patients ≤ 18 years old who had had out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, verified using the New York City 911 telephone system, between October 1, 1990, and April 1, 1991, were eligible for inclusion. The authors reviewed the first 200 cases of presumed primary cardiac arrest involving a resuscitation attempt from among 3,243 consecutive ambulance call reports for cardiac arrest occurring during the study period. This archival data set was compared with data for the same 200 cases gathered through direct interview of field personnel by trained paramedics. The two data sets had been compiled independently by different individuals, using the same data collection instrument, which conformed to the Utstein template.
Results: Comparison of the data obtained from ambulance records with the data obtained from interviews of prehospital personnel revealed several areas of variance. Of note was a significantly lower proportion of bystander-witnessed ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the data set gathered from written reports (7% vs 18%; 95% CI for the difference 4–18%; p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Differences in methods of collection of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest data are associated with a more than twofold variation in the reported incidences of witnessed cardiac arrests manifesting as VF. Methodology-dependent variation in this important "denominator" may produce substantially different estimates of survival within the same cohort of patients.     

婴幼儿青霉素皮试结果判断的影响因素及对策

目的：探讨科学准确实施婴幼儿青霉素皮试的方法。方法：对256例接受青霉素皮试的婴幼儿中的56例可疑阳性进行对照试验，分析婴幼儿青霉素皮试判断结果的影响因素并提出对策。结果：影响婴幼儿青霉素皮试判断结果的因素依次为生理特点、皮肤消毒剂、操作因素等，通过采用规范婴幼儿青霉素皮试判断标准及操作方法、对照试验等方法，使婴幼儿青霉素皮试阳性率由文献报道的16．2％下降到5．4％。结论：通过护理干预，采用正确的皮试方法，可有效减少婴幼儿青霉素皮试假阳性的发生。     

MSRE-PCR法检测卵巢癌组织中OPCML基因甲基化

目的 建立甲基化敏感性限制性内切酶-PCR(MSRE-PCR)法检All OPCML基因,探讨其在卵巢癌中的意义.方法 用亚硫酸氛钠修饰测序法检测5例卵巢癌组织及正常卵巢组织中OPCML基因甲基化,分别用MSRE-PCR和巢式甲基化特异性PCR(MSP)检测组织DNA中OPCML基因甲基化发生率.结果 DNA序列中存在...