喙突过长致开口受限的临床观察

目的报道喙突过长引起下颌运动受限、开口困难的病例资料，供临床工作借鉴。方法报道7例喙突过长致开口困难病例的临床、X线表现及治疗方法。结果曲面断层、华特位片可较好的显示突喙突过长，但往往不为临床医师所认识。本资料6例经手术切除过长的喙突后，开口度均恢复正常。结论喙突过长致开口困难较少见，应在开口困难的鉴别中予以注意。     

Prevalence of Nontraditional Dental Hygiene Practice

There is little knowledge of the number or the work characteristics of dental hygienists outside the private-practice setting. This survey was conducted to determine the percentage of hygienists practicing in nontraditional (nonprivate-practice) settings and the types of settings in which they are employed. Mail questionnaires were returned from a total of 21,847 (56.9%) of the hygienists in the survey sample. The percentage of active hygienists practicing in nontraditional settings was 11.8. Dental or dental hygiene schools, and government and nongovernment-supported clinics were the most frequent nontraditional practice settings. State supervision requirements were found to be associated significantly with the prevalence of nontraditional hygiene practice.     

Dimensional Accuracy of 7 Die Materials

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the linear dimensional accuracy and the handling characteristics of 7 die materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A master die analogous to a complete veneer crown preparation was machined from medical grade stainless steel, and 3 measurements (1: vertical; 2 and 3: horizontal) were made from 3 scribed reference lines. Individual polyvinylsiloxane impressions were made (n = 10) for each of the specimens. The fabricated dies were measured (50x) to the nearest 0.0001 mm. Data were subject to ANOVA/Duncan tests at significance level 0.05 and pairwise comparisons. RESULTS: Type IV resin-impregnated dental stone and copper-plated dies most closely approximated the dimensions of the master die, and were not significantly different from each other in any of the pairwise comparisons. Conventional Types IV and V dental stone dies exhibited setting expansion within the range appropriate for gypsum. Epoxy resin die materials demonstrated shrinkage comparable to the expansion of the Types IV and V dies. Polyurethane dies displayed a combination of linear expansion and shrinkage. Bis-acryl composite resin dies had excessive shrinkage. CONCLUSIONS: Type IV resin-impregnated dental stone and copper-plated dies were more dimensionally accurate than the other die materials tested.     

右下颌支异位甲状腺癌1例报告

颌面部异位甲状腺癌临床罕见，有关报道颌面部异位甲状腺出现癌变常见的部位为下颌下、颏下及舌骨上下，但未见下颌支异位甲状腺癌的报道，作者报告1例右下颌支异位甲状腺癌病例，并对其临床及病理特征进行了讨论。     

硬衬材料中甲基丙烯酸酯单体释放的实验研究

目的 测定两种硬衬材料聚合后丙烯酸酯单体的释放量和趋势.方法 采用顶空固相微萃取气相色谱法测定两种常用的硬衬材料聚合后不同时段丙烯酸酯单体释放量.结果 两种硬衬材料的丙烯酸酯单体在10 min时释放量即达到释放总量的60%, 30 min时趋于稳定.在30 min时德山rebaseⅡ型丙烯酸酯单体释放量为0.003 9 mg/g,YJ-F自凝仿生义齿基托树脂为0.509 mg/g.结论 硬衬材料聚合后丙烯酸酯单体的释放随时间增加而逐渐下降,在30 min后趋于稳定.     

不同年龄组大鼠正畸力作用下龈沟液中基质金属蛋白酶的表达

目的:观察2个年龄组大鼠牙受正畸力后龈沟液中基质金属蛋白酶-1(matrix metalloproteinase-1,MMP-1)和基质金属蛋白酶-9(matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9)含量的变化.方法:选择6周龄和12周龄雌性Wistar大鼠各20只,采用粘结剂联合磨沟周位法在上颌安装正畸加力装置,牵引一侧上颌第一磨牙向近中,另一侧作为对照侧.每周提取大鼠实验牙及对照牙的龈沟液,应用SDS-PAGE、Western印迹和Gel-Doc凝胶成像系统定量检测龈沟液中MMP-1与MMP-9含量的改变.采用SPSS11.0软件包对实验各周龈沟液中MMP-1和MMP-9的含量进行方差分析.结果:6周龄组大鼠和12周龄组大鼠龈沟液中MMP-1及MMP-9含量的基础水平以及在加力第1周时的水平无统计学差异(P＞0.05).但12周龄组比6周龄组稍高.加力早期,12周龄组大鼠MMPs含量增长速度快于6周龄组;后期,12周龄组大鼠较6周龄组大鼠的MMPs含量下降速度慢.结论:12周龄大鼠受正畸力后,龈沟液中MMPs的表达较6周龄组高,12周龄大鼠较6周龄大鼠的正畸牙根吸收可能更严重.     

髁突骨折55例治疗体会

目的:探讨髁突骨折的治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析55例髁突骨折患者的资料,其中非手术治疗(保守治疗)40人,手术治疗15人,经随访1～5年,观察髁突骨折后成角和恢复情况与远期临床疗效的关系。结果:行保守和手术治疗者的平均髁突骨折移位角度分别为27°和56°,平均年龄分别为23岁和36岁。结论:根据髁突骨折移位角度和年龄来选择保守治疗或手术治疗,其远期效果较好。     

Smoking and Oral Health: a Population Survey in Finland

Objectives: A survey was conducted to study smokers' oral health behaviors and attitudes, and to determine if smokers were advised by their dentists to quit smoking. Methods : A random sample of 1,200 adults 15 to 64 years of age living in the province of North Karelia, Finland, was selected in each of two study years (1990 and 1991) and surveyed using a mail questionnaire. The 102-item questionnaire solicited information on smoking status, oral health behaviors, missing teeth, perceptions of tobacco's harmful effects on oral health, smoking status and quitting, and advice on smoking cessation provided by dentists. Variations in behaviors and opinions according to smoking status were analyzed. Results : Nonsmokers reported more frequent healthy oral health behaviors than did daily smokers, with the exception that no difference in toothbrushing frequencies existed among women. Daily smoking was associated with increased use of sugar in tea or coffee, and with more frequent alcohol consumption. Daily smoking was correlated with the number of missing teeth in bivariate analyses, but not in multivariate analyses. Fewer daily smokers than nonsmokers considered smoking to have harmful effects on oral health. The majority of daily smokers, however, wanted to quit. Eight percent of daily smokers reported that they had been advised by their dentist to quit. Conclusions : Dentists need to provide patients with counseling on tobacco use because of the desire of many smokers to quit. Counseling of smokers by the oral health team requires special attention and skills, because smokers' health behaviors and attitudes appear to be less favorable to oral health compared to nonsmokers.     

三峡库区5433例病残儿先天性心脏病流行病学调查

目的 探讨重庆三峡库区16个区县儿童先天性心脏病的发生情况,为先天性心脏病人群干预及病因学研究提供参考.方法 利用重庆市病残儿医学鉴定平台,收集、回访、调查、整理三峡库区所属区、县5433例病残儿医学鉴定资料并从中筛选出418例先天性心脏病患儿,分析先天性心脏病与库区环境因素的关系.结果 大渡口区、涪陵区、长寿区、沙坪坝区、巴南区、万州区等儿童先天性心脏病发病率较高,奉节县等区县人群的患病率较低.418例先天性心脏病患儿中,室间隔缺损最多(44.7％),其他依次为房间隔缺损(10.8％)、动脉导管未闭(8.9％)、法洛四联征(7.7％)等.结论 室间隔缺损为重庆三峡库区先天性心脏病的主要类型,加大早期筛查力度,加强孕早期保健和防护,重视产前健康筛查,对预防儿童先天性心脏病具有较大意义.     

青年心肌致密化不全合并心力衰竭1例并文献复习

目的 系统回顾心肌致密化不全(NVM)的疾病特点及诊治要点,并总结该病的治疗经验.方法 回顾性分析2020年4月2—18日及9月2—7日该院心内科入院收治的1例NVM合并心律失常、心力衰竭及血栓栓塞等多种并发症的青年患者的诊治经过,并系统随访11个月,观察患者预后.结果 积极控制并纠正心律失常后患者心脏结构及功能呈现可逆性改善.结论 NVM是临床较为罕见的先天性心肌病.其临床表现多样而不典型,可出现包括心律失常、心力衰竭、血栓栓塞等多种不良事件,甚至可出现心源性猝死等恶性后果.临床医师需加强对该病的认识,为及时确诊并合理治疗提供可能.