全麻气管插管中HANS对皮质醇、血糖的影响

目的:研究韩氏仪(HANS)用于全麻气管插管对血清皮质醇、血糖的影响。方法:择期行剖腹胆囊切除术患者40例,随机分为韩氏仪(HANS)组和对照组,每组20例。HANS组以韩氏仪刺激合谷-劳宫穴,对照组无穴位刺激,均以相同的静脉麻醉诱导后气管插管,抽血测定韩氏仪使用前和插管前后的皮质醇、血糖,并记录血压、心率。结果:HANS组的皮质醇于气管插管前后均明显下降,且都低于应用HANS前,血糖保持稳定;对照组皮质醇、血糖于插管后明显升高。HANS组、对照组血压于麻醉诱导后下降,插管后HANS组血压升至基础值水平,对照组血压则高于基础值。HANS组插管后心率稳定,对照组插管后心率明显升高。结论:HANS用于全麻气管插管,可有效抑制皮质醇、血糖、血压、心率等升高的应激反应。     

鞘内注入醋酸泼尼松龙对大鼠镇痛作用及脊髓c-fos表达的影响

目的 :探讨鞘内注入泼尼松龙镇痛作用及其对脊髓c fos表达的影响与神经毒性作用。方法 :慢性鞘内置管的SD大鼠 2 4只 ,随机分为实验组 2 0只 ,对照组 4只。实验组又分成两个亚组 ,用药组 (EP组 ,n =10 ) ,生理盐水组 (EN组 ,n =10 ) ;对照组分为二个亚组 ,用药组 (CP组 ,n =2 ) ,空白对照组 (CE组 ,n =2 )。EP组经导管鞘内注入泼尼松龙 2mg/kg ,1小时后行福尔马林试验 ,进行行为学评分并计算痛级均数 ;2小时后灌注、固定 ,取脊髓腰膨大用ABC法行c fos免疫组化反应及病理检验 ,记数脊髓背角c fos阳性神经元数 ,并与鞘内注入等量生理盐水组 (EN )相比较。结果 :实验各组痛级均数比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;脊髓腰膨大背角Ⅰ、Ⅱ层c fos阳性神经元数EP组有减少趋势 ,但无显著差异 ;腰膨大病理检验未示异常。结论 :鞘内注入泼尼松龙有镇痛作用 ,无神经毒性作用。     

Ⅱ型糖尿病与腰椎间盘退变的相关性

目的 :探讨Ⅱ型糖尿病(DM)与腰椎间盘退变的相关性。方法 :选择2013年因腰腿痛至我院脊柱外科门诊就诊并满足入选标准的390例50~60岁患者,详细记录患者DM病史,其中非DM患者123例(非DM组)、血糖控制较好患者140例(A组),血糖控制较差DM患者127例(B组);A组中DM≤10年68例(A1组),DM10年72例(A2组);B组中DM≤10年60例(B1组),DM10年67例(B2组)。用Pfirrmann评分系统对各组患者各节段腰椎间盘退变程度进行评分,用SPSS 19.0统计分析DM与腰椎间盘退变程度的相关性。结果:各组资料均服从正态分布(P0.05)。各组间一般资料无显著性差异(P0.05)。在L1/2~L5/S1每节段上,A1组Pfirrmann评分与非DM组无显著性差异(P0.05);A2、B1及B2组的Pfirrmann评分显著高于非DM组(P0.05)。A2、B2组Pfirrmann评分显著较A1、B1组高(P0.05);B1、B2组Pfirrmann评分均较A1、A2组高(P0.05)。在A、B组中,L1/2~L5/S1每一节段上腰椎间盘退变程度与DM病程呈显著性正相关(P0.05)。结论 :DM10年及血糖控制不良是腰椎间盘退变的危险因素,腰椎间盘退变程度与DM病程呈正相关。     

骨质疏松症与甲状腺功能亢进的关系

目的 基于临床试验结合生物信息学分析骨质疏松症与甲亢的相互关系。方法 ①选取40例甲亢女性患者（观察组）及40例甲功正常女性（对照组）为研究对象,比较其T值及骨密度;②分别以骨质疏松及甲亢在相关人类疾病数据库中筛选靶基因,整合后映射得出交集靶点,通过STRING v11.0平台得出PPI网络并筛选出核心靶点,通过Metascape数据库进行GO富集分析及KEGG通路分析。结果 观察组的T值及骨密度均低于对照组（P<0.01）,骨质疏松与甲亢的核心交集靶点为IL6、TNF、INS、IL1B、ALB、IL10、LEP等,核心靶点集中作用于细胞因子-细胞因子受体的相互作用、Jak-STAT通路、I型糖尿病、HIF-1通路、PI3K-Akt通路、脂肪细胞因子通路等。结论 骨质疏松症与甲亢在复杂基因网络背景下存在一些高度重合的基因表达,所涉及的信号通路能够同时对两种疾病产生干预作用,这提示两种疾病的分子机制存在密切联系,可能为药物同时调控两种疾病提示潜在靶点。在临床试验的基础上应用生物信息学具有较高的置信度和参考价值,为探索疾病间关系提供了新方向与新思路。     

腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术经验初探

目的 探讨腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术（LPD）初期应用的可行性和安全性。方法 回顾性分析2018 年8 月至2019 年8 月徐州医科大学附属宿迁医院收治的10 例行LPD治疗的壶腹周围癌及胰头部良性或恶性肿瘤患者术中及术后临床资料。所有患者均由同一组手术医师采用“五孔法”经典路径行LPD。结果 所有患者均顺利完成LPD手术。平均手术时间（437.0±87.0）min,术中出血量（171.0±106.0）mL,均未输血。总体并发症发生率为40%（4/10）。患者术后（2.0±1.1）d下床活动,术后住院时间（15.0±2.0）d。术后发生胰瘘3 例,其中A级2 例,B级1 例;上消化道出血1 例。术后中位随访时间9（2～14）个月,期间无患者死亡,1 例发现肿瘤复发转移。结论 LPD创伤小,安全有效,术后恢复快,并发症发生率在可接受范围内,具有一定优势。应用开展初期通过病例选择循序渐进,具备一定腹腔镜手术技术和经验的术者开展LPD是安全可行的。     

Matched‐cohort study comparing bioactive human split‐thickness skin allograft plus standard of care to standard of care alone in the treatment of diabetic ulcers: A retrospective analysis across 470 institutions

This retrospective, matched‐cohort study analyzed 1,556 patients with diabetic ulcers treated at 470 wound centers throughout the United States to determine the effectiveness of a cryopreserved bioactive split‐thickness skin allograft plus standard of care when compared to standard of care alone. There were 778 patients treated with the graft in the treatment cohort, who were paired with 778 patients drawn from a pool of 126,864 candidates treated with standard of care alone (controls), by using propensity matching to create nearly identical cohorts. Both cohorts received standard wound care, including surgical debridement, moist wound care, and offloading. Logistic regression analysis of healing rates according to wound size, wound location, wound duration, volume reduction, exposed deep structures, and Wagner grade was performed. Amputation rates and recidivism at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after wound closure were analyzed. Diabetic ulcers were 59% more likely to close in the treatment cohort compared to the control cohort (p = 0.0045). The healing rate with the graft was better than standard of care across multiple subsets, but the most significant improvement was noted in the worst wounds that had a duration of 90‐179 days prior to treatment (p = 0.0073), exposed deep structures (p = 0.036), and/or Wagner Grade 4 ulcers (p = 0.04). Furthermore, the decrease in recidivism was statistically significant at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year, with and without initially exposed deep structures (p < 0.05). The amputation rate in the treatment cohort was 41.7% less than that of the control cohort at 20 weeks (0.9% vs. 1.5%, respectively). This study demonstrated that diabetic ulcers treated with a cryopreserved bioactive split‐thickness skin allograft were more likely to heal and remain closed compared to ulcers treated with standard of care alone.