后路治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折

目的：探讨后路环椎管减压，椎弓根钉系统复位固定并植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的疗效。方法：1996－2001年，环椎环椎管减压，结合具有钉杆角的椎弓根钉系统复位固定，并横突及小关节突间植骨或椎间植骨治疗128例病人，从伤椎椎体前后缘高度恢复，Cobb角矫正度及神经功能恢复情况评价疗效。结果：128例病人脊髓神经损害无加重，神经功能有不同程度恢复；伤椎高度恢复理想，Cobb角明显减少，植骨融合成功108例（占84．4％），术后部分病例出现伤椎复位度丢失现象。结论：后路环椎管减压内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折效果好，应重视植骨融合以获得良好稳定性。     

医源性胆管狭窄X线表现

本文报道了１３例医源性胆管狭窄，分析其影像表现。特点为：环形狭窄；线样狭窄，包括规则的和不规则的线样狭窄；闭塞性狭窄；胆管闭塞和胆管中断分离。ＥＲＣＴ和ＰＣＴ对狭窄的形态，位置及长度显示优于ＣＴ和ＵＳ。     

Effects of 1.32-μm Nd-YAG laser on brain thermal and histological experimental data

Considering that the 1.32-μm Nd-YAG laser should have physicothermal properties close to those of the CO₂ laser, a series of experiments were conducted on rat cortex (N = 51). Three laser wavelengths were compared: CO₂ laser (10.6 μm), 1.06-μm Nd-YAG, and 1.32-μm Nd-YAG lasers. For each shot, temperature measurements were recorded with an infrared thermographic videocamera. The digitized signals were figured as thermal profiles and temperature developments. Ninety-five shots were correctly studied and analyzed: CO₂, N = 29; 1.06-μm Nd-YAG, N = 20; 1.32-μm Nd-YAG, N = 46. The histological lesions produced by these three lasers were compared on animals killed 24 hours (N = 20), 8 days (N = 20), and 30 days (N = 5) after the laser impacts. For equivalent densities of energy, the depth of cortical necrosis was comparable for the CO₂ laser (200–250 μm) and the 1.32-μm Nd-YAG laser (210–260μm) whatever the date of death; the 1.06-μm Nd-YAG laser shots were responsible for much more important damage (400–550μm). Because of its important absorption in water and nervous tissue, the authors consider the 1.32-μm Nd-YAG laser most suitable for neurosurgery, particularly because it is conducted through optic fibers, and therefore is easy to handle during neurosurgical procedures.     

1-乙基-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧代-7-(4-芳酰硫代氨甲酰基-1-哌嗪基)-3-喹啉羧酸的合成及抗菌作用

Thirteen new 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(4-aroyl-thiocarbamoyl- 1 piperazinyl)-3-quinoline carboxylic acids were prepared, Their structures were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, HNMR and MS spectra.Preliminary pharmacological tests indicated that some of compounds Ia～m possess strong inhibiting activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Proteus at concentration of 100 μg/ml.     

小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜发病机制的研究

本文采用体外建立抗原—抗体—补体反应体系的试验方法,通过测定该反应体系的血小板~(51)Cr 释放量来进一步探讨特发性血小板减少紫癜(ITP)患儿血小板的破坏机制。结果45例ITP 惠儿其血小板~(51)Cr 释放量与正常值比较明显增高(P<0.01),急慢性之问无显著差异性。45例患儿中有31例血小板~(51)Cr释放量高出正常值上限。同时观察ITP 患儿血清对血小板超微形态和结构的影响,发现血小板表面有圆钝伪足形成,血小板聚集,血小板脱颗粒和空泡性变。正常儿血清对血小板超微形态和结构无明显影响。作者认为,ITP 患儿的血小板相关抗体,能介导血管内血小板的溶解与破坏,其既影响血小板数量,又改变血小板的结构,二者都是导致该病出血的重要原因。     

饮用水电化学法杀菌副产物三氯甲烷生成因素的研究

目的　了解电化学杀菌过程中副产物三氯甲烷的生成因素。方法　取滤后水 (三层滤料快滤池后、投放液氯前 )分别以石墨、Ti(基 ) - Ti为电极 ,配制不同 SO42 - 和 Cl- 浓度的实验水样 ,调节不同槽电流密度 ,电解不同时间后 ,取样分析 ,考察在不同条件下 CHCl3 的产生情况。结果　采用 Ti(基 ) - Ti电极的间歇电解过程中产生的 CHCl3 比采用石墨电极时多 ,且电流密度越大 ,产生的 CHCl3 越多。加入微量电解质 Na2 SO4对 CHCl3 的产生量无显著影响 ;加入微量电解质 Na Cl,〔CHCl3 〕随〔Cl- 〕的增大而增大。结论　在饮用水电解杀菌时应采用石墨电极 ,电解时间不宜超过 10分钟 ,电流密度宜 1m A/ cm2 ,以使 CHCl3 的生成量最小     

种植受体血管内皮细胞在异种血管移植中的实验研究

目的　探讨种植受体血管内皮细胞在抗异种血管移植超急排斥反应 (HAR)方面的意义。方法　选用豚鼠→大鼠移植模型 ,先将分离、培养的大鼠动脉内皮细胞种植于去内皮的豚鼠动脉内壁 ,再将此豚鼠动脉植入大鼠体内 ,观察动脉血栓形成时间 ,并采用免疫组化技术检测了 Ig M、C3在移植后豚鼠动脉壁上沉积的情况。结果　已种植大鼠内皮细胞的豚鼠动脉血栓形成时间 (2 0 .3± 4.42 h)较植入大鼠体内的正常豚鼠动脉 (0 .35± 0 .2 84h)以及单纯去内皮豚鼠动脉血栓形成时间 (0 .16 5± 0 .0 77h)显著延长 (P<0 .0 0 1)。免疫组化结果显示 ,植入大鼠体内的正常豚鼠内皮细胞表面有 Ig M和 C3沉积 ,而预先种植大鼠内皮细胞的豚鼠动脉内壁无 Ig M和 C3沉积。结论　在异种供体血管壁上预先种植受者血管内皮细胞 ,可延长移植的异种供体血管通畅时间 ,该技术可能在抗异种血管移植 HAR方面具有重要意义     

淋巴管型着色芽生菌病1例

52岁男性农民，左手臂沿淋巴管排列损害4年。损害由结节和时间 红色浸润斑块覆污秽色痂组成，部分损害表面有黑点。临床表现酷似淋巴管型孢子丝菌病。直接镜检和组织病理见棕色厚壁孢子，培养证实病原菌为卡氏支孢霉。诊断为卡氏支孢霉所致皮肤着色芽生菌病。