重组内皮抑制素抑制大鼠角膜移植术后的新生血管

目的:内皮抑制素是一种内源性血管内皮细胞的强效抑制剂,实验拟验证局部应用重组内皮抑制素滴眼液对大鼠角膜移植术后新生血管的抑制作用.方法:实验于2005-09/2006-03在重庆医科大学附属第一医院实验动物中心完成.①选用清洁级成年雌性SD大鼠(受体)60只,Wistar大鼠(供体)30只,建立大鼠同种异体穿透性角膜移植模型,供体提供双眼角膜,受体均选择右眼手术.移植术后按随机数字表法分成内皮抑制素组和对照组,分别用50mg/L的内皮抑制素眼液及赋形剂滴眼.②于术后1周、2周、3周、1个月及2个月5个时间点,麻醉后每组随机处死6只大鼠.观察角膜新生血管生长状况;比较各组角膜植片透明度、水肿、新生血管程度及移植排斥反应指数;检测角膜植片上内皮抑制素及血管内皮生长因子的表达情况.结果:60只受体大鼠全部进入结果分析.①内皮抑制素组大鼠角膜新生血管面积显著低于对照组(P＜0.05～0.01).②内皮抑制素组大鼠的排斥反应指数在术后1周、2周、3周、1个月及2个月均低于对照组(P＜0.05～0.01).③与对照组相比,内皮抑制素组角膜植片组织中内皮抑制素的表达明显增强(P＜0.05～0.01),血管内皮生长因子的表达明显降低(P＜0.05～0.01).结论:内皮抑制素滴眼液可以有效抑制大鼠角膜移植术后角膜新生血管的形成,下调角膜植片中血管内皮生长因子的表达,从而降低角膜移植术后免疫排斥反应的发生,为临床防治角膜移植术后新生血管提供了新的思路.     

应用通气阈控制男性肥胖型高血压患者的运动强度

目的:利用通气阈,观察男性肥胖高血压患者的适宜运动强度。方法:2004年从江西高校选取41例男性肥胖高血压者为观察对象。他们除了发现血压高、体质量指数超标外,无其他慢性病,平时不参加体育锻炼,受试者均知情同意。①运动处方的制定:以通气阈作为运动强度(相当于60%最大心率),让受试者进行为期1年的快走锻炼,运动时间为60min/次,隔日1次。每周三四次。②分别在实施运动处方前后按常规方法,各测定1次安静状态下的收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、心率和体成分、体质量、体质量指数、腰围、臀围、体脂、皮下脂肪面积、内脏脂肪面积。③要求受试者进行有氧运动,在达到通气阈时,记录下吸氧量、功率、心率、心率差、最高心率百分比、心率贮备百分比、主观运动强度、收缩压、平均动脉压、舒张压。结果:41例受试者全部进入结果分析。①实施运动处方前、后安静状态时各指标变化:体质量[(83.5±11.4),(78.1±7.4)kg]、体质量指数[(28.9±3.5),(27.2±2.3)kg/m2]、腰围[(95.4±8.3),(89.3±5.7)cm]、臀围[(100.6±5.9),(98.3±4.3)cm]、腰臀围比(0.95±0.05,0.91±0.04)、体脂百分比[(29.8±4.5)%,(26.6±4.3)%]、皮下脂肪面积[(147.8±35.1),(123.4±43.4)cm2];内脏脂肪面积[(109.8±57.2),(82.7±42.6)cm2]、内脏脂肪面积/皮下脂肪面积(0.80±0.51,0.72±0.39)、收缩压[(153.3±11.9),(127.0±12.1)mmHg]、舒张压[(97.0±12.6),(80.1±7.7)mmHg]和平均动脉压[(115.8±10.4),(95.7±8.7)mmHg]都有显著性改善(t=4.956～6.772,P<0.05或0.01)。②实施运动处方前、后,在通气阈时各指标变化:吸氧量[(13.5±2.1),(16.3±2.4)mL/(kg·min)]、功率[(75.1±16.5),(102.4±17.0)W],收缩压[(172.9±22.3),(149.3±15.9)mmHg]、舒张压[(100.1±16.4),(86.8±6.6)mmHg]及平均动脉压[(124.4±17.0),(107.7±7.0)mmHg]都有显著性改善(t=4.112～5.223,P<0.05);心率、心率差、最高心率百分比、心率贮备百分比以及主观强度感觉也都有改善。结论:对于男性肥胖高血压患者,可以采用通气阈确定其适宜运动强度,即运动强度是60%最高心率、30%心率贮备和主观运动强度12。     

Response of cutaneous leishmaniasis (chiclero's ulcer) to treatment with meglumine antimoniate in Southeast Mexico

Cutaneous leishmaniasis, known as chiclero's ulcer in southeastern Mexico, is characterized by a predominantly single, painless, ulcerated lesion, without lymphangitis or adenopathy. When located on the ear, it tends to become chronic, causing destruction of the pinna and disfigurement. It is caused predominantly by Leishmania (L.) mexicana. Although pentavalent antimonials (Sb5+) are the mainstay of leishmanial therapy and have been used for more than 50 years, dosage regimens have been repeatedly modified and the best one has not been fully identified. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the response of chiclero's ulcer to treatment with meglumine antimoniate. One hundred five patients were treated with meglumine antimoniate at a daily dose of 1 ampule per day (425 mg of Sb5+) until healing. The lesions healed after a mean of 25 days (range = 5-60 days).     

Molecular analysis of VH and VL regions expressed in IgG-bearing chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): further evidence that CLL is a heterogeneous group of tumors

We report the heavy (H) and light (L) chain variable (V) region sequences of cDNAs encoding the Ig receptor of two cases of CD5+ IgG- bearing CLL P87 and P103. In both CLL cases the H chain was encoded by members of the VH3 gene family. The L chain expressed by P87 belonged to the V lambda IV subgroup, whereas P103 used a member of the V kappa III subgroup. The VH3.P87 gene differed by only three nucleotides from 38P1, a VH3 gene previously cloned from a fetal liver cDNA library. Nucleotide sequence analysis demonstrated that the V kappa III.P103 gene differed by seven nucleotides from its most homologous germline counterpart, the Humkv325 gene, a highly conserved gene frequently expressed in IgM-bearing CLL. The nucleotide sequences of VH3.P103 and V lambda IV.P87 could not be reliably matched with reported germline V genes. The analysis of multiple independently obtained VH and VL cDNA clones from each tumor showed a lack of intraclonal diversification. The data show that V regions expressed in isotype-switched CD5+ CLL may be either in/near germline configuration or somatically mutated. Furthermore, these tumors, like their IgM-bearing counterparts, do not seem to undergo intraclonal diversification.