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51.
52.
C Caruso G Candore D Lio M A Modica F Cataldo I Maltese V Marino A Albeggiani 《Experimental and clinical immunogenetics》1991,8(2):85-87
We studied the role of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain allotypes in the evolution of celiac disease. Particularly the Gm(fb) phenotype was investigated since this phenotype is able to determine the breadth of immune response against alpha-gliadin antigen. The results show that weight percentiles and intestinal absorption as assessed by xylose test are influenced by Gm(fb) phenotype suggesting that Gm(fb) genes contribute to the determination of clinical aspects and evolution of celiac disease. 相似文献
53.
HLA, aging, and longevity: a critical reappraisal 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Caruso C Candore G Colonna Romano G Lio D Bonafè M Valensin S Franceschi C 《Human immunology》2000,61(9):942-949
Despite a large number of studies, available data do not allow at present to reach definitive and clear conclusions on role of HLA on longevity, owing to major methodological problems, such as serological and molecular typing of different loci, insufficient sample sizes, different inclusion criteria and age cut-off, inappropriate mixing of data referred to people from 58 to over 100 years of age, inappropriate control matching, and neglected consideration of sex-related effects and the different genetic make-up of studied populations. However, within this confused scenario, some data emerge. First, two studies that do not fit the biases above discussed show that some HLA alleles are associated with longevity. However, some of these alleles may confer an increased risk to undergo a variety of diseases. Second, longevity may be associated with an increased homozygosity at HLA loci. Third, an intriguing association between longevity and the 8.1 ancestral haplotype (AH), which has been proven to be associated with a variety of immune dysfunctions and autoimmune diseases, apparently emerges. This association appears to be a sex-specific (males) longevity contributor, and it is particularly interesting, taking into account that a type 2 (early infancy) --> type 1 (adulthood) --> type 2 (aging) shift of cytokine profile occurs lifelong, and that individuals bearing this haplotype show a type 2 immune responsiveness (note that type 1 cytokines mainly enhance cellular responses, whereas type 2 cytokines predominantly enhance humoral responses). On the whole, the (sex specific) association of longevity with alleles or haplotypes of several genes related to risk factors for a variety of diseases (cardiovascular diseases, cancer), including HLA alleles and haplotypes, is not unexpected on the basis of previous studies on the genetics of longevity in centenarians. This association can be interpreted under the perspective of a well known evolutionary theory of aging (antagonistic pleiotropy). This theory predicts that the same gene (or allele or haplotype) can have different roles (positive or negative) in different periods of the life span. Thus, the 8.1 AH should exert a positive effect during the infancy and aging but not in adulthood, when, indeed it is associated to susceptibility to a variety of diseases. 相似文献
54.
Inflammation, genes and zinc in Alzheimer's disease 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Vasto S Candore G Listì F Balistreri CR Colonna-Romano G Malavolta M Lio D Nuzzo D Mocchegiani E Di Bona D Caruso C 《Brain Research Reviews》2008,58(1):96-105
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous and progressive neurodegenerative disease which in Western society mainly accounts for clinical dementia. AD has been linked to inflammation and metal biological pathway. Neuro-pathological hallmarks are senile plaques, resulting from the accumulation of several proteins and an inflammatory reaction around deposits of amyloid, a fibrillar protein, Abeta, product of cleavage of a much larger protein, the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and neurofibrillary tangles. Amyloid deposition, due to the accumulation of Abeta peptide, is the main pathogenetic mechanism. Inflammation clearly occurs in pathologically vulnerable regions of AD and several inflammatory factors influencing AD development, i.e. environmental factors (pro-inflammatory phenotype) and/or genetic factors (pro-inflammatory genotype) have been described. At the biochemical level metals such as zinc are known to accelerate the aggregation of the amyloid peptide and play a role in the control of inflammatory responses. In particular, zinc availability may regulate mRNA cytokine expression, so influencing inflammatory network phenotypic expression. 相似文献
55.
Candore G Colonna-Romano G Balistreri CR Di Carlo D Grimaldi MP Listì F Nuzzo D Vasto S Lio D Caruso C 《Rejuvenation research》2006,9(1):143-148
Genetic factors play a relevant role in the attainment of longevity because they are involved in cell maintenance systems, including the immune system. In fact, longevity may be correlated with optimal functioning of clonotypic and natural immunity. The aging of the immune system, known as immunosenescence, is the consequence of the continuous attrition caused by chronic antigenic overload. The antigenic load results in the progressive generation of inflammatory responses involved in age-related diseases. Most of the parameters influencing immunosenescence appear to be under genetic control, and immunosenescence fits with the basic assumptions of evolutionary theories of aging, such as antagonistic pleiotropy. In fact, by neutralizing infectious agents the immune system plays a beneficial role until reproduction and parenting. However, by determining chronic inflammation, it can be detrimental later in life, a period largely unforeseen by evolution. In particular, the data coming from the long-lived male population under study show that genetic polymorphisms responsible for a low inflammatory response might result in an increased chance of long lifespan in an environment with a reduced pathogen burden. Such a modern and healthy environment also permits a lower grade of survivable atherogenic inflammatory response. 相似文献
56.
Carmela Rita Balistreri Giuseppina Colonna-Romano Domenico Lio Giuseppina Candore Calogero Caruso 《Journal of clinical immunology》2009,29(4):406-415
Introduction Innate immunity provides a first line of host defense against infection by recognizing and killing microbes while simultaneously
activating an instructive immune response. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are principal mediators of rapid microbial recognition
and function mainly by detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns that do not exist in the host. Recognition of their
ligands leads to a series of signaling events resulting in acute host responses, involved in killing pathogens.
Discussion We describe the involvement of TLR4 polymorphisms in ageing, and in particular in age-related diseases, suggesting the crucial
role of molecules of innate immunity in pathophysiology of these diseases. Hence, we observed that pro-inflammatory alleles
may be related to unsuccessful ageing, such as Alzheimer’s disease, prostate cancer, and atherosclerosis; in contrast, the
control of inflammation by anti-inflammatory alleles may result in increased longevity and successful ageing. Finally, a possible
therapeutic approach to delay age-related diseases is outlined. 相似文献
57.
Pes GM Lio D Carru C Deiana L Baggio G Franceschi C Ferrucci L Oliveri F Scola L Crivello A Candore G Colonna-Romano G Caruso C 《Aging clinical and experimental research》2004,16(3):244-248
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Human longevity seems to be directly correlated with optimal functioning of the immune system, suggesting that some genetic determinants of longevity reside in those polymorphisms for the immune system genes which regulate immune-inflammatory responses, in particular cytokine gene polymorphisms. The frequency of -174C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter region of the interleukin (IL)-6 gene is increased in Italian male centenarians. Moreover, the frequency of -1082G SNP at the 5' flanking region of the IL-10 gene coding sequence is increased among male centenarians, and that of +874A SNP at the interferon (IFN)-gamma gene was found more frequently in female centenarians. These findings indicate that different alleles at different cytokine gene codings for pro- (IL-6, IFN-gamma) or anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines may affect the individual life-span expectancy, influencing the type and intensity of immune-inflammatory responses against environmental stressors. METHODS: In the present study, we analyzed these IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-gamma gene polymorphisms in 112 (36 male, 76 female) centenarians from the island of Sardinia, whose population shows a genetic background quite different from that of mainland Italy, as well as in 137 sixty-year-old controls from the same geographic area. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed on analyzing IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-gamma polymorphism frequencies among centenarians and controls, either on the whole and when the data were analyzed according to gender. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that gene polymorphisms of cytokines playing a major regulatory role in the inflammatory response do not affect life expectancy in the Sardinian population. Thus, cytokine/longevity associations have a population-specific component, being affected by the population-specific gene pool as well as by gene-environment interactions, behaving as survival rather than longevity genes. 相似文献
58.
Scola L Candore G Colonna-Romano G Crivello A Forte GI Paolisso G Franceschi C Lio D Caruso C 《Biogerontology》2005,6(6):425-429
Immune response in elderly is characterised by a progressive loss of the ability to cope environmental stressors with a characteristic
remodelling of cytokine network. One of the data constantly reported in literature is the decrease of IL-2 production. An
IL-2 central role in the reconstitution of T cell function in vitro is largely documented. Studies on a T→G polymorphism at
−330 nt of IL-2 gene promoter region have demonstrated that T lymphocytes from 330GG homozygous subjects are able to produce
in vitro higher amount of IL-2, than −330TG heterozygous or −330TT homozygous subjects. As a genetic background conditioning the maintaining
of an efficient immune response would exert positive effects on healthy ageing, we have typed for 330T/G IL-2 single nucleotide
polymorphism (SNP), 168 centenarians and 214 control subjects matched for age and ancestry from Centre and South Italy to
check the 330GG genotype association to longevity. The statistical analysis doesn’t show a significant difference of genotypic
and allelic frequencies at −330 IL-2 T/G SNP among centenarians and controls. Comparing the two cohorts of subjects by extended
Mantel Haenszel procedure a marginally significant trend for an increased -330TT genotype frequency was observed. Our data
seem to be paradoxical considering the role attributed to a well-conserved T cell function in the successful ageing. On the
other hand, in a recent study on a sample of Irish octogenarians a similar distribution of −330T/G genotype even was observed.
These data suggest that a genetic background favouring an increased IL-2 production might be detrimental for longevity. On
the other hand, an increase of IL-2 and other pro-inflammatory cytokine production characterise the Alzheimer’s disease serum
profile. All in all our data seem to suggest that reduction of −330G allele frequency might be protective for healthy ageing
limiting cell mediated inflammation implied in age associated diseases. 相似文献
59.
Major histocompatibility complex and sporadic Alzheimer's disease: a critical reappraisal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Candore G Balistreri CR Colonna-Romano G Lio D Caruso C 《Experimental gerontology》2004,39(4):645-652
Epidemiological data suggest that some genetic determinants of Alzheimer's disease (AD) might reside in those polymorphisms for the immune system genes that regulate immune inflammatory responses, such as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Therefore, MHC polymorphisms have been the focus of a large number of AD association studies. Class Ia, Ib (hemochromatosis gene (HFE)), class II and class III (complement, tumour necrosis factor and heat shock proteins) alleles have been studied. Nearly every positive result has been followed by several studies that have failed to replicate it or that have contradicted it. Several factors, including methodological biases, might explain these discordant results. However, the discordant results obtained with the same alleles in the various populations might also indicate linkage with another nearby locus, different in the diverse populations. In fact, the non-random assortment of alleles at neighbouring loci, i.e. ancestral haplotypes (AH), has been claimed to be maintained as the result of directional selection, i.e. molecular cooperation during the immune response. Thus, AH studies might contribute to explaining why discordant results are obtained with the same alleles in different populations. Hence, it has been suggested that the overall chance of a subject to develop AD might be profoundly affected by a 'susceptibility profile' reflecting the combined influence of inheriting multiple high-risk alleles. Discordant results may be due to other genetic factors not determined in these MHC studies and multivariate analysis in large patient cohorts considering both MHC and non-MHC genes are therefore necessary. 相似文献
60.
Balistreri CR Pisano C Merlo D Fattouch K Caruso M Incalcaterra E Colonna-Romano G Candore G 《Rejuvenation research》2012,15(2):170-173
Telomeres have been postulated as a universal clock that shortens in parallel with cellular aging. They are specialized DNA-protein structures at the ends of chromosome with remarkable functions--preventing their recognition as double-stranded DNA breaks, protecting their recombination and degradation, and avoiding a DNA damage cellular response. Telomere shortening is currently considered the best aging marker, but is also a predictor for age-related diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. Biological age clearly seems to be a better predictor of vascular risk rather than chronological age. This concept is supported by key assumptions that peripheral blood leukocyte telomere content accurately reflects that of the vascular wall and its decrease is associated with premature vascular disease. Thus, we are analyzing whether the mean of blood leukocyte telomere length might also be a predictor for sporadic thoracic aortic aneurysm (S-TAA). The preliminary results seem to be promising. Shorter telomeres were detected in patients than in controls. Thus, mean of blood leukocyte telomere length could contribute to identify individuals at S-TAA risk. 相似文献