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Liminality in the occupational identity of mental health peer support workers: A qualitative study
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Alan Simpson PhD BA RMN Candice Oster PhD BA Eimear Muir‐Cochrane BSc RN RMN PhD 《International journal of mental health nursing》2018,27(2):662-671
Peer support is increasingly provided as a component of mental health care, where people in recovery from mental health problems use their lived experiences to provide support to those experiencing similar difficulties. In the present study, we explored the evolution of peer support workers’ (PSW) occupational identities. A qualitative study was undertaken alongside a pilot randomized, controlled trial of peer support for service users discharged from a mental hospital in London, UK. Two focus groups were conducted with eight PSW. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 13 service users receiving peer support and on two occasions with a peer support coordinator. The data were analysed using theoretical thematic analysis, focussing on occupational identity formation. We discuss how the occupational identity of PSW evolved through the interplay between their lived experience, their training, and their engagement in the practice environment in such a way as to construct a liminal identity, with positive and negative outcomes. While the difficulties associated with the liminality of PSW could be eased through the formalization and professionalization of the PSW role, there are concerns that this could lead to an undermining of the value of PSW in providing a service by peers for peers that is separate from formal mental health care and relationships. Skilled support is essential in helping PSW negotiate the potential stressors and difficulties of a liminal PSW identity. 相似文献
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Birgit Pfaller Samuel C. Siu Rohan D'Souza Barbara Wichert-Schmitt Govind Krishna Kumar Nair Kim Haberer Cynthia Maxwell Candice K. Silversides 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2021,77(10):1317-1326
BackgroundWomen with heart disease are at risk for complications during pregnancy. This study sought to examine the effect of maternal obesity on pregnancy complications in women with heart disease.ObjectivesThe objective was to determine the incidence of adverse cardiac events (CE) in pregnant women with heart disease and obesity.MethodsAdverse CE during pregnancy were examined in a prospective cohort of women with heart disease. CE were a composite of the following: cardiac death/arrest, arrhythmias, heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic dissection, and thromboembolic events. Pre-eclampsia and post-partum hemorrhage were also studied. Outcomes were examined according to body mass index (BMI). To identify additional predictors of CE, a baseline risk score (CARPREG [Canadian Cardiac Disease in Pregnancy Study] II score) for predicting cardiac complications was calculated for all pregnancies and included in a multivariable logistic regression model.ResultsOf 790 pregnancies, 19% occurred in women with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (obesity), 25% in women with BMI 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 (overweight), 53% in women with BMI 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 (normal weight), and 3% in women with BMI <18.5 kg/m2 (underweight). Women with obesity were at higher risk of CE when compared with women with normal weight (23% vs. 14%; p = 0.006). In a multivariable model, obesity (odds ratio: 1.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.0 to 2.7) and higher CARPREG II risk scores (odds ratio: 1.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.5 to 1.9) predicted CE. Pre-eclampsia was more frequent in women with obesity compared with those with normal weight (8% vs. 2%; p = 0.001).ConclusionsObesity increases the risk of maternal cardiovascular complications in pregnant women with heart disease. This modifiable risk factor should be addressed at the time of preconception counseling. 相似文献
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Anaya HD Hoang T Golden JF Goetz MB Gifford A Bowman C Osborn T Owens DK Sanders GD Asch SM 《Journal of general internal medicine》2008,23(6):800-807
Background HIV testing is cost-effective in unselected general medical populations, yet testing rates among those at risk remain low,
even among those with regular primary care. HIV rapid testing is effective in many healthcare settings, but scant research
has been done within primary care settings or within the US Department of Veteran’s Affairs Healthcare System.
Objectives We evaluated three methods proven effective in other diseases/settings: nurse standing orders for testing, streamlined counseling,
and HIV rapid testing.
Design Randomized, controlled trial with three intervention models: model A (traditional counseling/testing); model B (nurse-initiated
screening, traditional counseling/testing); model C (nurse-initiated screening, streamlined counseling/rapid testing).
Participants Two hundred fifty-one patients with primary/urgent care appointments in two VA clinics in the same city (one large urban hospital,
one freestanding outpatient clinic in a high HIV prevalence area).
Measurements Rates of HIV testing and receipt of results; sexual risk reduction; HIV knowledge improvement.
Results Testing rates were 40.2% (model A), 84.5% (model B), and 89.3% (model C; p = <.01). Test result receipt rates were 14.6% (model
A), 31.0% (model B), 79.8% (model C; all p = <.01). Sexual risk reduction and knowledge improvement did not differ significantly between counseling methods.
Conclusions Streamlined counseling with rapid testing significantly increased testing and receipt rates over current practice without
changes in risk behavior or posttest knowledge. Increased testing and receipt of results could lead to earlier disease identification,
increased treatment, and reduced morbidity/mortality. Policymakers should consider streamlined counseling/rapid testing when
implementing routine HIV testing into primary/urgent care. 相似文献
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Lessons Learned about Implementing Research Evidence into Clinical Practice 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
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Hildi Hagedorn PhD Mary Hogan PhD RN Jeffrey L. Smith PhD Candidate Candice Bowman PhD RN Geoffrey M. Curran PhD Donna Espadas BA Barbara Kimmel MS MSc Laura Kochevar PhD Marcia W. Legro PhD Anne E. Sales PhD MSN 《Journal of general internal medicine》2006,21(S2):S21-S24
The mission of the Veterans Health Administration's (VHA) quality enhancement research initiative (QUERI) is to enhance the quality of VHA health care by implementing clinical research findings into routine care. This paper presents lessons that QUERI investigators have learned through their initial attempts to pursue the QUERI mission. The lessons in this paper represent those that were common across multiple QUERI projects and were mutually agreed on as having substantial impact on the success of implementation. While the lessons are consistent with commonly recognized ingredients of successful implementation efforts, the examples highlight the fact that, even with a thorough knowledge of the literature and thoughtful planning, unexpected circumstances arise during implementation efforts that require flexibility and adaptability. The findings stress the importance of utilizing formative evaluation techniques to identify barriers to successful implementation and strategies to address these barriers. 相似文献
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Berbari NF Lewis JS Bishop GA Askwith CC Mykytyn K 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2008,105(11):4242-4246
Primary cilia are ubiquitous cellular appendages that provide important yet not well understood sensory and signaling functions. Ciliary dysfunction underlies numerous human genetic disorders. However, the precise defects in cilia function and the basis of disease pathophysiology remain unclear. Here, we report that the proteins disrupted in the human ciliary disorder Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) are required for the localization of G protein-coupled receptors to primary cilia on central neurons. We demonstrate a lack of ciliary localization of somatostatin receptor type 3 (Sstr3) and melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (Mchr1) in neurons from mice lacking the Bbs2 or Bbs4 gene. Because Mchr1 is involved in the regulation of feeding behavior and BBS is associated with hyperphagia-induced obesity, our results suggest that altered signaling caused by mislocalization of ciliary signaling proteins underlies the BBS phenotypes. Our results also provide a potential molecular mechanism to link cilia defects with obesity. 相似文献
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The contribution of protease-activated receptor 1 to neuronal damage caused by transient focal cerebral ischemia 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
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Junge CE Sugawara T Mannaioni G Alagarsamy S Conn PJ Brat DJ Chan PH Traynelis SF 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2003,100(22):13019-13024
The serine proteases tissue plasminogen activator, plasmin, and thrombin and their receptors have previously been suggested to contribute to neuronal damage in certain pathological situations. Here we demonstrate that mice lacking protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) have a 3.1-fold reduction in infarct volume after transient focal cerebral ischemia. Intracerebroventricular injection of PAR1 antagonist BMS-200261 reduced infarct volume 2.7-fold. There are no detectable differences between PAR1-/- and WT mice in cerebrovascular anatomy, capillary density, or capillary diameter, demonstrating that the neuroprotective phenotype is not likely related to congenital abnormalities in vascular development. We also show that the exogenously applied serine proteases thrombin, plasmin, and tissue plasminogen activator can activate PAR1 signaling in brain tissue. These data together suggest that if blood-derived serine proteases that enter brain tissue in ischemic situations can activate PAR1, this sequence of events may contribute to the harmful effects observed. Furthermore, PAR1 immunoreactivity is present in human brain, suggesting that inhibition of PAR1 may provide a novel potential therapeutic strategy for decreasing neuronal damage associated with ischemia and blood-brain barrier breakdown. 相似文献