Multi-Scale Deep Neural Network (MscaleDNN) Methods for Oscillatory Stokes Flows in Complex Domains

In this paper, we study a multi-scale deep neural network (MscaleDNN) as a meshless numerical method for computing oscillatory Stokes flows in complex domains. The MscaleDNN employs a multi-scale structure in the design of its DNN using radial scalings to convert the approximation of high frequency components of the highly oscillatory Stokes solution to one of lower frequencies. The MscaleDNN solution to the Stokes problem is obtained by minimizing a loss function in terms of $L^2$ norm of the residual of the Stokes equation. Three forms of loss functions are investigated based on vorticity-velocity-pressure, velocity-stress-pressure, and velocity-gradient of velocity-pressure formulations of the Stokes equation. We first conduct a systematic study of the MscaleDNN methods with various loss functions on the Kovasznay flow in comparison with normal fully connected DNNs. Then, Stokes flows with highly oscillatory solutions in a 2-D domain with six randomly placed holes are simulated by the MscaleDNN. The results show that MscaleDNN has faster convergence and consistent error decays in the simulation of Kovasznay flow for all three tested loss functions. More importantly, the MscaleDNN is capable of learning highly oscillatory solutions when the normal DNNs fail to converge.     

A potential endemic strain in China: NADC34‑like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes an economically important disease affecting commercial pork production worldwide. NADC34‐like PRRSV has had a strong impact on the U.S. and Peruvian pig industries in recent years and also emerged in northeastern China in 2017. However, the endemic status of NADC34‐like PRRSV in China is unclear. In this study, we examined 650 tissue samples collected from 16 Provinces in China from 2018 to 2019. Six NADC34‐like PRRSV strains were detected in samples from three Provinces, and the complete genomes of four of these strains were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these novel PRRSV strains belong to sublineage 1.5 (or NADC34‐like PRRSV), forming two groups in China. Sequence alignment suggested that these novel strains share the same 100‐aa deletion in the Nsp2 protein that was identified in IA/2014/NADC34 isolated from the United States in 2014. Recombination analysis revealed that five of eight complete genome sequences are derived from recombination between IA/2014/NADC34 and ISU30 or NADC30. The number and distribution of NADC34‐like PRRSVs is increasing in China. Importantly, compared with the currently endemic strain NADC30‐like PRRSV, NADC34‐like PRRSV has the potential to be an endemic strain in China. This study will help us understand the epidemic status of NADC34‐like PRRSV in China and provide data for further monitoring this type of PRRSV in China.     

Platysma skin flap: Laryngeal repair material to produce phonatory flap vibrational wave

The platysma skin flap was used for laryngeal reconstruction after vertical partial laryngectomy to improve the postoperative voice quality of patients with T2 and T3 glottic laryngeal carcinoma. Sixty‐nine patients with unilateral T2 and T3 glottic laryngeal carcinoma were included. Forty‐six patients received vertical partial laryngectomy, and a platysma skin flap was used for laryngeal reconstruction. The other 23 patients underwent transoral laser microsurgery. Subjective and objective examinations were performed to evaluate laryngeal morphology after the surgery. Acceptable voice quality was achieved for 46 patients who underwent vertical partial laryngectomy. Flap vibrational waves occurred in 19 cases (41.3%). The platysma skin flap is an ideal tissue for the reconstruction of articulation structure in open surgery of T2 and T3 unilateral glottic laryngeal carcinoma.     

Numerical modeling and simulations of type B aortic dissection treated by stent-grafts with different oversizing ratios

Retrograde type A dissection after thoracic endovascular aortic repair has been a major drawback of endovascular treatment. This study investigated the biomechanical mechanism of stent-graft-induced new lesions after implantation and analyzed the relationship between radial force and spring-back force of the stent-graft when it was implanted virtually under different oversizing ratios. Based on the computed tomography angiography images, a three-dimensional geometric model of a patient-specific aortic dissection was established. The stent was designed in CAD software and the stent-graft implantation procedure under different oversizing ratios was simulated in the finite element analysis software. Implantation simulations were performed six times for each stent-graft model under 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15% oversizing ratios and the peak stress of the aorta was compared among groups. It was observed that the peak stress of the aorta was located where the proximal bare stent interacted with aortic wall and its value was increased by 62.2% from 0% to 15% oversizing ratio. The conclusions are reached that the long-term higher stress in the aortic wall may lead to the emergence of new lesions in these areas, and the radial force plays a key role in the formation of a new entry in the real aorta model.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎住院患者心理应激状况及影响因素分析

目的调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)住院患者的心理应激状况,并分析其影响因素,为实施心理危机干预提供参考。方法以方便抽样方法选取COVID-19患者652例,采用症状自评量表中的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、睡眠与饮食4个因子调查患者的心理应激反应,采用认知融合问卷、医学应对方式问卷调查其应对情况。结果患者躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、睡眠与饮食因子得分分别为1.70±0.53、1.58±0.57、1.53±0.60、1.81±0.60;存在躯体化症状172例(26.38%)、焦虑117例(17.94%)、抑郁124例(19.02%)、睡眠与饮食障碍236例(36.20%)。性别、婚姻状况、年龄、认知融合程度、疾病应对方式是患者躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、睡眠与饮食因子的影响因素(P0.05,P0.01)。结论 COVID-19住院患者存在一定程度的心理应激。医护人员应对中老年、女性、离异或丧偶、认知融合程度高的COVID-19患者加强心理干预,帮助患者正确认知疾病,采取恰当的疾病应对方式,以促进其身心健康。     

复杂胸部肿瘤切除胸壁重建术患者的康复护理

目的总结复杂胸部肿瘤切除胸壁重建患者的围手术期营养与康复护理经验。方法对10例复杂胸部肿瘤胸壁重建患者,实施饮食指导、康复锻炼、皮瓣观察、疼痛管理等围术期护理。结果 10例患者均顺利康复出院,术后出现胸腔积液3例,皮瓣危象、上肢淋巴水肿、自发性气胸、胸壁软化、心律失常各1例,经及时处理后均好转,伤口I期愈合。术后平均住院时间14.6d。结论胸壁重建是胸壁肿瘤尤其是复杂胸壁缺损的重要手术方法,围术期康复护理能促进患者术后恢复进程,改善预后。     

Cox健康行为互动模式在慢性病患者护理中的应用现状

慢性病的患病率呈明显上升趋势,其防治已成为世界范围所面临的重要公共卫生问题。近年来,Cox健康行为互动模式在慢性病患者健康促进中得到越来越广泛的应用。本文从该理论的内涵、特点进行介绍,对其在国内外慢性病患者护理中的应用现状进行综述,分析现存问题,提出未来研究的展望,旨在为今后慢性病患者健康促进的相关研究提供参考。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎定点医院护理质量和安全管理

目的总结新型冠状病毒肺炎定点医院护理质量与安全管理经验,为应对突发公共卫生事件提供借鉴。方法将肿瘤中心改建为符合收治新型冠状病毒肺炎患者标准的定点医院,设14个病区850张床位;与援鄂医疗队共同成立联合护理部,制定护理工作制度和规范,建立护理安全事件处理流程,构建护理质量评价指标;严格督导与质控。结果累计收治患者1 022例,治愈出院763例;三级护理质量控制检查合格率为100%;隔离病区医护人员零感染。结论构建统一的制度、工作流程及质量与安全管理标准,有利于多团队协作工作及同质化管理,从而提高工作效率和质量,确保患者安全。     

细针穿刺活检在葡萄膜黑色素瘤诊断和预后评估中的应用

葡萄膜黑色素瘤是一种罕见的原发性眼内恶性肿瘤。准确的诊断对葡萄膜黑色素瘤患者的正确治疗至关重要。近年来,细针穿刺（FNA）活检越来越多地用于眼内肿瘤的评估。现简要介绍FNA技术, 阐明FNA诊断葡萄膜黑色素瘤的细胞形态学和免疫表型特征,并讨论葡萄膜黑色素瘤的预后因素。