高效液相色谱法测定阿昔洛韦注射液的含量

测定阿昔洛韦注射液的含量。方法：高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Shimpaek CLC—ODS柱,流动相为甲     

CAN URINE BOUND DIAGNOSTIC TESTS REPLACE CYSTOSCOPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BLADDER CANCER?

Purpose

We compare the diagnostic value of NMP22 [dagger] and BTA stat [double dagger] testing, and QUANTICYT [section] computer assisted dual parameter image analysis to cytology and cystoscopy in patients who had symptoms suggestive of transitional cell cancer or were being followed after treatment for that disease.[dagger] Matritech, Inc., Newton, Massachusetts.[double dagger] Bard Diagnostics, Redmond, Washington.[section] Gentian Scientific Software, Niawier, The Netherlands.

Materials and Methods

We prospectively evaluated voided urine and/or barbotage specimens from 291 patients a mean of 65.2 years old. All voided urine samples were evaluated by quick staining and standard cytology, the BTA stat 1-step qualitative assay (which detects a bladder tumor associated antigen) and the NMP22 test (which detects a nuclear mitotic apparatus protein). In addition, barbotage specimens were evaluated by QUANTICYT computer assisted dual parameter image analysis. All patients underwent subsequent cystoscopy and biopsy evaluation of any suspicious lesion. Sensitivity, specificity, and the predictive value of positive and negative results were determined in correlation with endoscopic and histological findings.

Results

In 91 patients with histologically proved transitional cell carcinoma overall sensitivity was 48, 57, 58, 59 and 59% for the NMP22 test, the BTA stat test, rapid staining cytology of barbotage samples, rapid staining cytology of voided urine specimens and image analysis, respectively. For histological grades 1 to 3 underlying transitional cell carcinoma sensitivity was 17, 61 and 90% for urinary cytology, 48, 58 and 63% for the BTA stat test, and 52, 45 and 50% for the NMP22 test, respectively. Specificity was 100% for cytology, 93% for image analysis, 70% for the NMP22 test and 68% for the BTA stat test.

Conclusions

Immunological markers are superior to cytological evaluation and image analysis for detecting low grade transitional cell carcinoma but they have low specificity and sensitivity in grade 3 transitional cell carcinoma. Urine bound diagnostic tools cannot replace cystoscopy.     

多层螺旋CT曲面重建技术在正常阑尾显示中的应用价值

目的探讨16层螺旋CT曲面重建技术(CPR)在正常阑尾显示中的应用价值。方法应用16层螺旋CT对129位正常受试者进行检查。分别由三位熟悉阑尾CT解剖的观察者寻找阑尾,由其中一位观察者进行曲面重建,在重建后图像上应用单层CPR示踪阑尾,得到CPR像。应用组内相关系数(ICC)评价CPR阑尾径线测量的可重复性。应用CPR与多平面重建(MPR)图像对照及铜线模拟阑尾的方法评价CPR上阑尾径线测量的真实性。结果Kappa检验结果显示不同观察者之间阑尾的检出率及CPR图像质量评价具有极佳的一致性。CPR显示阑尾全貌观察者之间ICC为0.98;观察者内部ICC为0.99,均有很好的可重复性。阑尾中部外径测量及铜线模拟阑尾实验结果显示CPR测量具有高度的真实性。结论CPR对阑尾全貌有很好的显示能力,并可以用于测量阑尾径线。     

Nutrient Intake Amongst Rural Adolescent Girls of Wardha

Objective:

To assess the nutrient intake of rural adolescent girls.

Materials and Methods:

The cross-sectional study was carried in four adopted villages of the Department of Community Medicine, M.G.I.M.S., Sewagram. A household survey was carried out in the villages. A list of all the adolescent girls in the age group of 10-19 years was prepared by enumeration through house-to-house visit. All adolescent girls were included in the study. A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic variables and anthropometric variables. A 24 h recall method was used to assess nutrient intake. Data generated was entered and analyzed using epi_info 2000. Nutrient intake was compared with ICMR Recommended Dietary Allowances. Nutritional status was assessed by BMI for age.

Results:

The mean height of the adolescent girls was 142.9 cm. Overall, 57% of the adolescents were thin (BMI for age <5^th percentile for CDC 2000 reference) and 43% of the adolescents were normal (BMI for age between 5^th – 85^th percentile for CDC 2000 reference). The average energy intake, which was 1239.6±176.4 kcal/day, was deficient of RDA by 39%. The average protein intake was 39.5±7 gm/day. It was deficient by 36% and the average iron intake, which was 13.2±2.5 mg/day, was deficient by 48%.

Conclusions:

The findings reiterate the dietary deficiency among adolescent girls which adversely affects the nutritional status. If the poor nutritional status is not corrected promptly before they become pregnant, it adversely affects the reproductive outcome. If we have to meet out the goals of Reproductive and Child Health Program, intervention strategies to improve the dietary intake of adolescent girls are needed so that their requirements of energy, protein, vitamins and minerals are met.     

Age, chronic non-communicable disease and choice of traditional Chinese and western medicine outpatient services in a Chinese population

Background  

In 1997 Hong Kong reunified with China and the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) started with this change in national identity. However, the two latest discussion papers on Hong Kong's healthcare reform have failed to mention the role of TCM in primary healthcare, despite TCM's public popularity and its potential in tackling the chronic non-communicable disease (NCD) challenge in the ageing population. This study aims to describe the interrelationship between age, non-communicable disease (NCD) status, and the choice of TCM and western medicine (WM) services in the Hong Kong population.     

GC/MS内标法测定蛋黄磷脂中花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸含量

ＧＣ／ＭＳ内标法测定蛋黄磷脂中花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸含量沈晓京，赖炳森，汪聪慧，董风霞（解放军北京医学高等专科学校生化教研室，北京１０００７１；北京公安部第二研究所仪器分析室，１０００３８）磷脂中不饱和脂肪酸是体内多烯酯酸的重要来源，尤其是机体正...     

ENTERIC FEVER – CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY PATTERN AND TREATMENT OUTCOME

One hundred cases of enteric fever in the age group of 6 months to 12 years were analysed with respect to culture sensitivity pattern and treatment outcome. Patients were divided into 5 treatment groups – chloramphenicol, amoxycillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole + furazolidine, gentamicin + cephalexin and ciprofloxacin. Out of 91 culture positive cases, 100% were sensitive to ciprofloxacin followed by gentamicin (84.9%), cephalexin (83.6%), furazolidine (36.6%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (34.1%), chloramphenicol (34.0%) and amoxycillin (23.8%). In 60 cases resistant to chloramphenicol, resistance to other drugs varied from 20 to 88.3%. The treatment response was 100% to ciprofloxacin, 72.7% to chloramphenicol, 50% to gentamicin + cephalexin, 38.5% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole + furazolidine and 12.5% to amoxycillin. Out of 48 cases who did not respond to initial regimen, 33 were treated successfully with ciprofloxacin and remaining with other drug regimens. Time taken for defervescence was shortest with gentamicin + cephalexin (4.6±2.0 days) followed by ciprofloxacin (6.1±2.5 days) and chloramphenicol (6.4±3.5 days). There were 3 deaths in this study.KEY WORDS: Typhoid, Drug resistance microbial, Clinical trials     

Finland's first anaesthesia revealed by newspapers

Background: According to the literature on the history of anaesthesia, Finland's first anaesthesia was given on March 8, 1847 for a ligature of an aneurysm of the subclavian artery. It has, however, not been possible to verify the date with certainty. We therefore wanted to find out whether newspapers might give additional information and how this exceptionally important medical invention had been received by the Finnish newspapers.
Methods: Microfilms of the 10 newspapers which appeared in Finland in 1847 were studied at the Helsinki University library.
Results: The first report which made reference to English newspapers was published on February 10 by "Borgå Tidning". On March 6, "Helsingfors Tidningar" wrote that two anaesthesias had already been given in Helsinki; the first of them for a difficult varicose veins operation and the second for an exarticulation of a shoulder. But there was no information regarding the dates of the operations. Fortunately, both operations had been recorded in the patient diary of the clinic, although without any information about the anaesthesia. According to the diary, Johan August Örn was operated for varicose veins on February 16 and Anders Gustaf Henrikson had his right arm exarticulated on March 3. Both patients recovered. In total, only six pieces of news on anaesthesia were found.
Conclusions: Finland's first anaesthesia was given on February 16, 1847, which is three weeks earlier than had been previously assumed.