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排序方式: 共有1508条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
992.
Height alone,rather than body surface area,suffices for risk estimation in ascending aortic aneurysm
Mohammad A. Zafar Yupeng Li John A. Rizzo Paris Charilaou Ayman Saeyeldin Camilo A. Velasquez Ahmed M. Mansour Syed Usman Bin Mahmood Wei-Guo Ma Adam J. Brownstein Maryann Tranquilli Julia Dumfarth Panagiotis Theodoropoulos Kabir Thombre Maryam Tanweer Young Erben Sven Peterss Bulat A. Ziganshin John A. Elefteriades 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2018,155(5):1938-1950
Background
In international guidelines, risk estimation for thoracic ascending aortic aneurysm (TAAA) is based on aortic diameter. We previously introduced the aortic size index (ASI), defined as aortic size/body surface area (BSA), as a predictor of aortic dissection, rupture, and death. However, weight might not contribute substantially to aortic size and growth. We seek to evaluate the height-based aortic height index (AHI) versus ASI for risk estimation and revisit our natural history calculations.Methods
Aortic diameters and long-term complications of 780 patients with TAAA were analyzed. Growth rate estimates, yearly complication rates, and survival were assessed. Risk stratification was performed using regression models. The predictive value of AHI and ASI was compared.Results
Patients were stratified into 4 categories of yearly risk of complications based on their ASI and AHI. ASIs (cm/m2) of ≤2.05, 2.08 to 2.95, 3.00 to 3.95 and ≥4, and AHIs (cm/m) of ≤2.43, 2.44 to 3.17, 3.21 to 4.06, and ≥4.1 were associated with a 4%, 7%, 12%, and 18% average yearly risk of complications, respectively. Five-year complication-free survival was progressively worse with increasing ASI and AHI. Both ASI and AHI were shown to be significant predictors of complications (P < .05). AHI categories 3.05 to 3.69, 3.70 to 4.34, and ≥4.35 cm/m were associated with a significantly increased risk of complications (P < .05). The overall fit of the model using AHI was modestly superior according to the concordance statistic.Conclusions
Compared with indices including weight, the simpler height-based ratio (excluding weight and BSA calculations) yields satisfactory results for evaluating the risk of natural complications in patients with TAAA. 相似文献993.
JS Mymin MB ChB RM Watkins MChir FRCS 《International journal of clinical practice》1993,47(6):341-342
SUMMARY Spontaneous external biliary fistulae tend to occur in elderly patients, often those with systemic diseases. Cholecystectomy and fistulectomy is not always required or even appropriate. 相似文献
994.
D T Krieger A Liotta M J Brownstein 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1977,74(2):648-652
Immunoreactive and bioreactive corticotropin (ACTH-like) activities have been detected in the median eminence and remaining medial basal hypothalamus of both normal and hypophysectomized adult male rats: bioreactive ACTH (pg/100 mug of protein) 1028 in median eminence and 1289 in medial basal hypothalamus; immunoreactive ACTH (midportion ACTH antibody), 1554 in median eminence and 1887 in medial basal hypothalamus. By use of appropriate antibodies and bioassay, it was demonstrated that immunoreactivity was not due solely to alpha-melanotropin, which has previously been reported to be present in the brain of hypophysectomized animals. The Sephadex G-50 gel filtration patterns determined by immunoassay of column eluates obtained from hypothalamic extracts of normal or hypophysectomized animals were similar but were not identical to the pattern derived from whole pituitary. Immunoreactive (midportion ACTH antibody) ACTH concentrations (pg/100 mug of protein) of other central nervous system areas in normal animals were: cerebellum 34.3, cortex 46.3, thalamus 23.8, and hippocampus 116.3. The total amount of bioreactive ACTH present in the median eminence and medial basal hypothalamus is approximately 1% of that present in the pituitary. The present data suggest that such ACTH may have a diencephalic rather than pituitary origin and raise the question of the functional significance of such ACTH. 相似文献
995.
The bovine median eminence was dissected into eight different subdivisions: rostral, anterior internal, anterior external, middle external medial, middle external lateral, middle internal medial, middle internal lateral, and caudal. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was found in the highest concentrations in the middle external medial and lateral subdivisions; luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) was concentrated in the middle external lateral and anterior internal subdivisions. Among the various neurotransmitters and enzymes assayed, only dopamine and choline acetyltransferase were present in highest concentrations in the same subdivisions of the bovine median eminence found to be rich in TRH and LHRH. The distributions of norepinephrine, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, serotonin, tryptophan hydroxylase, phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and histamine appeared to correlate poorly with the major distributions of TRH and LHRH. These findings suggest that at the level of the median eminence, central neuroendocrine regulation of TRH and LHRH release may involve an interaction only with dopamine and acetylcholine. 相似文献
996.
997.
Naomi C. Brownstein Jianwen Cai Gary D. Slade Eric Bair 《Statistics in medicine》2015,34(30):3984-3996
In a prospective cohort study, examining all participants for incidence of the condition of interest may be prohibitively expensive. For example, the “gold standard” for diagnosing temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a physical examination by a trained clinician. In large studies, examining all participants in this manner is infeasible. Instead, it is common to use questionnaires to screen for incidence of TMD and perform the “gold standard” examination only on participants who screen positively. Unfortunately, some participants may leave the study before receiving the “gold standard” examination. Within the framework of survival analysis, this results in missing failure indicators. Motivated by the Orofacial Pain: Prospective Evaluation and Risk Assessment (OPPERA) study, a large cohort study of TMD, we propose a method for parameter estimation in survival models with missing failure indicators. We estimate the probability of being an incident case for those lacking a “gold standard” examination using logistic regression. These estimated probabilities are used to generate multiple imputations of case status for each missing examination that are combined with observed data in appropriate regression models. The variance introduced by the procedure is estimated using multiple imputation. The method can be used to estimate both regression coefficients in Cox proportional hazard models as well as incidence rates using Poisson regression. We simulate data with missing failure indicators and show that our method performs as well as or better than competing methods. Finally, we apply the proposed method to data from the OPPERA study. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
998.
胃黏膜保护的基础与临床研究进展 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
长期以来胃黏膜保护一直是基础和临床研究的重点与热点.近年来人们对胃黏膜保护的细胞和分子机制已有了全面深入的认识,发现具有胃黏膜细胞保护作用的物质有很多种,具有细胞保护作用的器官和组织也不仅仅限于胃黏膜,在胰腺、肝脏、肾脏、心脏和脑等都发现有类似现象.因此细胞保护概念的内涵和外延都有拓展.我们对三叶因子、氧自由基、幽门螺杆菌、酒精、非甾体类抗炎药及细胞因子等研究热点与胃黏膜保护相互作用的机制进行初步的探讨. 相似文献
999.
Immunochemical characterization of carboxypeptidase B-like peptide-hormone-processing enzyme. 下载免费PDF全文
V Y Hook E Mezey L D Fricker R M Pruss R E Siegel M J Brownstein 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1985,82(14):4745-4749
Specific rabbit antisera against purified bovine pituitary carboxypeptidase processing enzyme (which has also been referred to as "enkephalin convertase") have been prepared and characterized. The antisera recognized both the purified soluble and the membrane-bound forms of the enzyme with equal affinity, suggesting that these two forms of the enzyme may possess many regions of structural homology. Since the antisera did not crossreact with carboxypeptidases B, N, A, Y, and P, the carboxypeptidase processing enzyme may be a structurally distinct form of carboxypeptidase. Carboxypeptidase immunostaining, as seen by light microscopy, was found throughout the rat brain and in bovine adrenal medulla, reflecting the widespread distribution of neuropeptides. Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry of rat paraventricular nucleus and other brain areas showed that the enzyme was present in some dendrites and nerve terminals, which contain storage vesicles. These findings support the hypothesis that this carboxypeptidase is involved in the processing of many peptide hormone precursors. 相似文献
1000.