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Bristow CC Larson E Vilakazi-Nhlapo AK Wilson M Klausner JD 《The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease》2012,16(8):1020-1022
We reviewed the implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in South Africa from January 2010 to March 2011. The South African National Department of Health distributed revised IPT guidelines in May 2010 to increase IPT use in eligible human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. We found a dramatic increase in the absolute numbers of patients reported to have been initiated on IPT (from 3309 in January-March 2010 to 49?130 in January-March 2011), representing an increase in the proportion (1.0-10.5%) of potentially eligible HIV-infected patients started on IPT. 相似文献
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S Dixon AW Blom MR Whitehouse V Wylde 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2014,96(1):61-66
INTRODUCTION
The Triathlon® (Stryker, Kalamazoo, MI, US) total knee replacement was designed to improve patient function and survivorship. The aim of this study was to determine whether the Triathlon® prosthesis produces better patient reported outcomes than a previous design by the same manufacturer, the Kinemax Plus.METHODS
The outcome of 233 knees of patients with a mean age of 68 years (range: 40–80 years) who received the Kinemax Plus prosthesis were compared with the outcomes of 220 knees of patients with a mean age of 70 years (range: 42–90 years) who received the Triathlon® prosthesis. Data were collected via postal questionnaire prior to surgery as well as at 8–12 weeks and at 1 year following surgery. Validated questionnaires were used including the WOMAC® (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities) pain and function scales, the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score quality of life scale and the self-administered patient satisfaction scale.RESULTS
This study found that patients who had the Triathlon® prosthesis had significantly better pain relief (p<0.0001), function (p=0.028), knee related quality of life (p<0.0001) and satisfaction (p=0.0003) at three months after surgery than those who received the Kinemax Plus prosthesis. In addition, knee related quality of life (p=0.002) and satisfaction (p=0.021) were significantly higher at one year after surgery in Triathlon® patients.CONCLUSIONS
The findings suggest that return to function and reduction in pain may occur more quickly in patients with a Triathlon® prosthesis than in those with the Kinemax Plus. 相似文献55.
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Metra M Nodari S D'Aloia A Muneretto C Robertson AD Bristow MR Dei Cas L 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2002,40(7):1248-1258
OBJECTIVE: We compared the hemodynamic effects of dobutamine and enoximone administration before and after long-term beta-blocker therapy with metoprolol or carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). BACKGROUND: Patients with HF on beta-blocker therapy may need hemodynamic support with inotropic agents, and the hemodynamic response may be influenced by both the inotropic agent and the beta-blocker used. METHODS: The hemodynamic effects of dobutamine (5 to 20 microg/kg/min intravenously) and enoximone (0.5 to 2 mg/kg intravenously) were assessed by pulmonary artery catheterization in 29 patients with chronic HF before and after 9 to 12 months of treatment with metoprolol or carvedilol at standard target maintenance oral doses. Hemodynamic studies were performed after >/=12 h of wash-out from all cardiovascular medications, except the beta-blockers that were administered 3 h before the second study. RESULTS: Compared with before beta-blocker therapy, metoprolol treatment decreased the magnitude of mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary wedge pressure (PWP) decline during dobutamine infusion and increased the cardiac index (CI) and stroke volume index (SVI) response to enoximone administration, without any effect on other hemodynamic parameters. Carvedilol treatment abolished the increase in heart rate, SVI, and CI and caused a rise, rather than a decline, in PAP, PWP, systemic vascular resistance, and pulmonary vascular resistance during dobutamine infusion. The hemodynamic response to enoximone, however, was maintained or enhanced in the presence of carvedilol. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast with its effects on enoximone, carvedilol and, to a lesser extent, metoprolol treatment may significantly inhibit the favorable hemodynamic response to dobutamine. No such beta-blocker-related attenuation of hemodynamic effects occurs with enoximone. 相似文献
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Inaccuracies associated with the automated measurement of mean cell hemoglobin concentration in dehydrated cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Because of discrepancies between electronically and manually measured values of mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) encountered in studies of pathologic red cells, we studied the effect of cell water content on MCHC measurements by both methods. A series of red cell samples with varying water contents (54%-164% normal) were prepared from normal cells using the antibiotic nystatin. MCHC was then measured, using the microhematocrit centrifuge and three different electronic cell counters in common laboratory use. For MCHC values above 36 g/dl as measured by the spun hematocrit method, all three electronic counters under estimmated the MCHC, with increasing error as the true MCHC increased. For MCHC values below 30 g/dl, the values from two conductivity based instruments agreed with those from the spun hematocrit method, whereas one instrument based on light scattering overestimated the MCHC. These results indicate that inaccuracies in the measured mean cell volume (MCV) of dehydrated or otherwise undeformable cells may lead to spurious values for MCHC when electronic cell counters are used. 相似文献
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小儿淋巴管瘤的MRI诊断 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
目的分析小儿淋巴管瘤的磁共振表现及其病理基础。方法对6例经手术病理证实的、年龄7天至7岁的小儿淋巴管瘤患者的磁共振表现进行回顾性分析。结果淋巴管瘤磁共振表现为T1WI上呈与肌肉相似或稍高的信号,T2WI上高于脂肪信号。5例瘤内可见低信号分隔,1例瘤内见血管流空影,3例见明显包膜,3例边界不清。2例病理诊断为海绵状淋巴管瘤,4例诊断为囊状淋巴管瘤。结论磁共振成像可较好地显示肿瘤的大小、形态及范围,从而指导手术治疗。 相似文献
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