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排序方式: 共有982条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Platelet kinetics in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and moderate thrombocytopenia 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
We studied ten normal subjects and 20 patients with stable, untreated idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and platelet counts in the range of 35,000 to 110,000/microL. The diagnosis was made by clinical criteria. Platelet-associated IgG was increased in all nine of the nine patients studied. Autologous platelets were labeled with chromium 51 and reinfused for measurement of mean cell life and platelet production rate. Mean cell life was calculated by two methods, weighted mean and multiple hit, with excellent agreement between the two. As expected, mean cell life was significantly reduced in ITP patients as compared to the normal subjects (2.9 days v. 8.0 days, P less than .001). However, mean platelet production rates in ITP patients and normal subjects, 3.5 and 3.8 X 10(9) platelets/k/d respectively, were not significantly different. Platelet production rate was above and below the normal range (2 to 5.6 X 10(9) platelets/k/d) in two and four patients, respectively. We conclude that the rate of platelet production is not increased in most patients with ITP who have platelet counts greater than 35,000/microL. We did find that platelet size was increased in eight of the 12 patients in whom it was measured, including two of the patients with low platelet production. 相似文献
32.
de Haas M; Kerst JM; van der Schoot CE; Calafat J; Hack CE; Nuijens JH; Roos D; van Oers RH; von dem Borne AE 《Blood》1994,84(11):3885-3894
In four healthy volunteers, we analyzed in detail the immediate in vivo effects on circulating neutrophils of subcutaneous administration of 300 micrograms of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Neutrophil activation was assessed by measurement of degranulation. Mobilization of secretory vesicles was shown by a decrease in leukocyte alkaline phosphatase content of the circulating neutrophils. Furthermore, shortly postinjection, Fc gamma RIII was found to be upregulated from an intracellular pool that we identified by immunoelectron microscopy as secretory vesicles. Intravascular release of specific granules was shown by increased plasma levels of lactoferrin and by upregulation of the expression of CD66b and CD11b on circulating neutrophils. Moreover, measurement of fourfold elevated plasma levels of elastase, bound to its physiologic inhibitor alpha 1- antitrypsin, indicated mobilization of azurophil granules. However, no expression of CD63, a marker of azurophil granules, was observed on circulating neutrophils. G-CSF--induced mobilization of secretory vesicles and specific granules could be mimicked in whole blood cultures in vitro, in contrast to release of azurophil granules. Therefore, we postulate that the most activated neutrophils leave the circulation, as observed shortly postinjection, and undergo subsequent stimulation in the endothelial microenvironment, resulting in mobilization of azurophil granules. Our data demonstrate that G-CSF should be regarded as a potent immediate activator of neutrophils in vivo. 相似文献
33.
High-dose etoposide and cyclophosphamide without bone marrow transplantation for resistant hematologic malignancy 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
Brown RA; Herzig RH; Wolff SN; Frei-Lahr D; Pineiro L; Bolwell BJ; Lowder JN; Harden EA; Hande KR; Herzig GP 《Blood》1990,76(3):473-479
Seventy-five patients with resistant acute leukemia or lymphoma received high-dose cyclophosphamide and etoposide to explore the activity of this combination in resistant hematologic malignancies, and to determine the maximum doses of these drugs that can be combined without bone marrow transplantation. Etoposide was administered over 29 to 69 hours by continuous infusion corresponding to total doses of 1.8 g/m2 to 4.8 g/m2. Cyclophosphamide, 50 mg/kg/d, was administered on 3 or 4 consecutive days total 150 to 200 mg/kg ideal body weight). At all dose levels myelosuppression was severe but reversible. Mucosal toxicity was dose-limiting with the maximum tolerated dose level combining etoposide 4.2 g/m2 with cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg. Continuous etoposide infusion produced stable plasma levels that were lower than would be achieved after administration by short intravenous infusion, and this could explain our ability to escalate etoposide above the previously reported maximum tolerated dose. There were 28 complete (35%) and 12 partial (16%) responses. Median duration of complete response (CR) was 3.5 months (range 1.1 to 20+). Seventeen of 40 patients (42%) with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) achieved CR, including 6 of 20 (30%) with high-dose cytosine arabinoside resistance. We conclude that bone marrow transplantation is not required after maximum tolerated doses of etoposide and cyclophosphamide. This regimen is active in resistant hematologic neoplasms, and the occurrence of CR in patients with high-dose cytosine arabinoside-resistant AML indicates a lack of complete cross-resistance between these regimens. 相似文献
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An antibody (DIL) from a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) was shown to have autospecificity on the basis of reactions with autologous platelets that were identical to those obtained with platelets from normal subjects. DIL antibody also reacted strongly in an immunofluorescence test with platelets from a patient with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, but failed to react with platelets from a patient with the Bernard-Soulier syndrome who was known to be deficient in glycoprotein Ib (GPIb). Purified GPIb and control platelets, but not Bernard-Soulier platelets, inhibited the lytic activity of DIL. Using the GPIb-specific monoclonal antibody AP1 and one-dimensional rocket electrophoresis into gels containing rabbit antihuman platelet membrane antibody, it was shown that staphylococcal protein A-Sepharose beads coated with DIL antibody selectively remove GPIb from solubilized platelet preparations. By crossed immunoelectrophoresis it was found that DIL recognizes a determinant on GPIb on the membrane side of the cleavage site of the platelet calcium- activated protease (calpain). These studies provide direct evidence for binding of a platelet autoantibody to a determinant on GPIb relatively close to the site of insertion of this protein into the platelet membrane. 相似文献
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38.
Wenjuan He Min Zhang Min Zhao Linda S. Davis Timothy S. Blackwell Fiona Yull Matthew D. Breyer Chuan-Ming Hao 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》2014,466(2):357-367
High salt diet induces renal medullary cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) expression. Selective blockade of renal medullary COX2 activity in rats causes salt-sensitive hypertension, suggesting a role for renal medullary COX2 in maintaining systemic sodium balance. The present study characterized the cellular location of COX2 induction in the kidney of mice following high salt diet and examined the role of NFκB in mediating this COX2 induction in response to increased dietary salt. High salt diet (8 % NaCl) for 3 days markedly increased renal medullary COX2 expression in C57Bl/6 J mice. Co-immunofluorescence using a COX2 antibody and antibodies against aquaporin-2, ClC-K, aquaporin-1, and CD31 showed that high salt diet-induced COX2 was selectively expressed in renal medullary interstitial cells. By using NFκB reporter transgenic mice, we observed a sevenfold increase of luciferase activity in the renal medulla of the NFκB-luciferase reporter mice following high salt diet, and a robust induction of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression mainly in renal medullary interstitial cells of the NFκB-EGFP reporter mice following high salt diet. Treating high salt diet-fed C57Bl/6 J mice with selective IκB kinase inhibitor IMD-0354 (8 mg/kg bw) substantially suppressed COX2 induction in renal medulla, and also significantly reduced urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). These data therefore suggest that renal medullary interstitial cell NFκB plays an important role in mediating renal medullary COX2 expression and promoting renal PGE2 synthesis in response to increased dietary sodium. 相似文献
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40.
Johannes Breyer Michael Gierth Sanzhar Shalekenov Atiqullah Aziz Julius Schäfer Maximilian Burger Stefan Denzinger Ferdinand Hofstädter Christian Giedl Wolfgang Otto 《World journal of urology》2016,34(5):709-716