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排序方式: 共有653条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Angela AG van Tilborg Chris H Bangma Ellen C Zwarthoff 《International journal of urology》2009,16(1):23-30
Early detection of bladder cancer and its recurrences is essential for improved prognosis and long-term survival. The detection and follow-up of these patients is currently based on cystoscopy, which is expensive and invasive, and, in most cases, cytology, which is non-invasive but not very sensitive. During recent years, many urine-based tests have been developed and tested in different patient populations. In this review we discuss new developments for biomarkers in bladder cancer that have potential use in surveillance and screening. In almost all publications authors compare sensitivity of the test with a concomitantly executed cystoscopy, for example, determine cross-sectional sensitivity. However, it has also been shown that false positive test results may be followed by a positive cystoscopy in the near future, showing that cystoscopy itself does not provide 100% sensitivity. This suggests that for a proper evaluation of urine-based tests, longitudinal studies should be carried out and the results communicated to the urologist. 相似文献
62.
AG Stewart 《British journal of pharmacology》2009,158(4):933-935
The active resolution of inflammation is recognized as offering new opportunities to generate novel anti-inflammatory agents. The emerging appreciation of the importance of active resolution in regulation of inflammation also creates an imperative to examine developing and existing agents for their potential to influence these pathways. This themed issue of the British Journal of Pharmacology contains papers that discuss the roles of annexin-1, lipoxins and related lipid products of fish oils as well as other mechanisms involved in active resolution and their receptor targets.This article is part of a themed issue on Mediators and Receptors in the Resolution of Inflammation. To view this issue visit http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121548564/issueyear?year=2009 相似文献
63.
Background and purpose:
In the mammalian brain, histaminergic neurotransmission is mediated by the postsynaptic histamine H1 and H2 receptors and the presynaptic H3 autoreceptor, which also acts as a heteroreceptor. The H1 receptor has been implicated in spatial learning and memory formation. However, pharmacological and lesion studies have revealed conflicting results. To examine the involvement of histamine H1 receptor in spatial reference and working memory formation, H1 receptor knockout mice (KO) were tested in the eight-arm radial maze. Previously, we found that the H1 receptor-KO mice showed reduced emotionality when confronted with spatial novelty. As it is known that emotions can have an impact on spatial learning and memory performance, we also evaluated H1 receptor-KO mice in terms of emotional behaviour in the light–dark box.Experimental approach:
Mice lacking the H1 receptor and wild-type mice (WT) were tested for spatial reference and working memory in an eight-arm radial maze with three arms baited and one trial per day. Emotional behaviour was measured using the light–dark test.Key results:
The H1 receptor-KO mice showed impaired spatial reference and working memory in the radial maze task. No significant differences between H1 receptor-KO and WT mice were observed in the light–dark test.Conclusions and implications:
The spatial memory deficits of the H1 receptor-KO mice might be due to the reported changes in cholinergic neurochemical parameters in the frontal cortex and the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus, to impaired synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, and/or to a dysfunctional brain reward/reinforcement system. 相似文献64.
Patty H Spruit Sabine Siesling Marloes AG Elferink Ernest JA Vonk Carel JM Hoekstra 《Radiation oncology (London, England)》2007,2(1):1-6
Background
To correlate the metabolic changes with size changes for tumor response by concomitant PET-CT evaluation of lung cancers after radiotherapy.Methods
36 patients were studied pre- and post-radiotherapy with18FDG PET-CT scans at a median interval of 71 days. All of the patients were followed clinically and radiographically after a mean period of 342 days for assessment of local control or failure rates. Change in size (sum of maximum orthogonal diameters) was correlated with that of maximum standard uptake value (SUV) of the primary lung cancer before and after conventional radiotherapy.Results
There was a significant reduction in both SUV and size of the primary cancer after radiotherapy (p < 0.00005). Among the 20 surviving patients, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy using PET (SUV) were 94%, 50%, 90% respectively and the corresponding values using and CT (size criteria) were 67%, 50%, and 65% respectively. The metabolic change (SUV) was highly correlated with the change in size by a quadratic function. In addition, the mean percentage metabolic change was significantly larger than that of size change (62.3 ± 32.7% vs 47.1 ± 26.1% respectively, p = 0.03)Conclusion
Correlating and incorporating metabolic change by PET into size change by concomitant CT is more sensitive in assessing therapeutic response than CT alone. 相似文献65.
Micheli F Bonanomi G Blaney FE Braggio S Capelli AM Checchia A Curcuruto O Damiani F Fabio RD Donati D Gentile G Gribble A Hamprecht D Tedesco G Terreni S Tarsi L Lightfoot A Stemp G Macdonald G Smith A Pecoraro M Petrone M Perini O Piner J Rossi T Worby A Pilla M Valerio E Griffante C Mugnaini M Wood M Scott C Andreoli M Lacroix L Schwarz A Gozzi A Bifone A Ashby CR Hagan JJ Heidbreder C 《Journal of medicinal chemistry》2007,50(21):5076-5089
The discovery of new highly potent and selective dopamine D3 receptor antagonists has recently permitted characterization of the role of the dopamine D3 receptor in a wide range of preclinical animal models. A novel series of 1,2,4-triazol-3-yl-thiopropyl-tetrahydrobenzazepines demonstrating a high level of D3 affinity and selectivity with an excellent pharmacokinetic profile is reported here. In particular, the pyrazolyl derivative 35 showed good oral bioavailability and brain penetration associated with high potency and selectivity in vitro. In vivo characterization of 35 confirmed that this compound blocks the expression of nicotine- and cocaine-conditioned place preference in the rat, prevents nicotine-triggered reinstatement of nicotine-seeking behavior in the rat, reduces oral operant alcohol self-administration in the mouse, increases extracellular levels of acetylcholine in the rat medial prefrontal cortex, and potentiates the amplitude of the relative cerebral blood volume response to d-amphetamine in a regionally specific manner in the rat brain. 相似文献
66.
AG Hamburg 《MedR Medizinrecht》2001,19(1):47-49
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
67.
AG Rüsselsheim 《MedR Medizinrecht》2006,24(7):435-436
Abstrakt 1. Hinsichtlich der Frage der Anerkennung einer Heilmethode kommt es nicht darauf an, ob eine Methode von der überwiegenden
Mehrheit der sogenannten Schulmediziner anerkannt wird, aber auch nicht, ob die betreffende Methode „therapieimmanent“, also
von denjenigen, die diese Methode entwickelt haben oder sie anwenden, als wirksam eingesch?tzt wird. Entscheidend ist vielmehr
auf die Anerkennung derjenigen Personen abzustellen, die sich von dritter Seite als Wissenschaftler in einem wissenschaftlichen
Verfahren mit der Frage der Wirksamkeit der betreffenden Methode auseinandergesetzt haben.
2. Der Wirkmechanismus der Bioresonanztherapie ist nach strengen naturwissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen nicht zu erkl?ren.
Diese Methode ist jedoch von der Hufelandgesellschaft, die sich aus 25 ?rztegesellschaften zusammensetzt, die allesamt auch
Naturheilverfahren betreiben, anerkannt. (Leits?tze des Bearbeiters) 相似文献
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