养老机构老年人衰弱状况对生活质量影响的作用路径

目的:探讨养老机构老年人衰弱对生活质量影响的作用路径。方法:采用便利抽样法选取四川省成都市8所养老机构中符合纳入与排除标准的436名老年人作为调查对象,于2019年8月—12月应用一般资料调查表、衰弱表型(FP)、微型营养评定量表简表(MNA-SF)、日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)、社会支持评估量表(SSRS)、中文版健康调查量表(SF-36)对老年人进行调查。结果:养老机构436名老年人衰弱发生率为58.0%。非衰弱、衰弱老年人MNA-SF得分、ADL总分及各维度、SSRS总分及对支持的利用度维度、SF-36各维度得分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结构方程模型分析显示:老年人衰弱对生活质量的总效应为-10.326(P<0.001),直接效应为-4.215(P<0.001),通过营养状态、日常生活活动能力、社会支持对生活质量的间接效应为-6.111(P<0.001),间接效应占总效应的59.2%。结论:养老机构老年人衰弱的发生率高,衰弱既可直接影响老年人生活质量,亦可通过营养状态、日常生活活动能力、社会支持间接作用于生活质量。应重视对养老机构老年人衰弱...     

Dopamine receptor D2 regulates GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking and central sensitization through the PI3K signaling pathway in a male rat model of chronic migraine

BackgroundThe pathogenesis of chronic migraine remains unresolved. Recent studies have affirmed the contribution of GLUA1-containing AMPA receptors to chronic migraine. The dopamine D2 receptor, a member of G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, has been proven to have an analgesic effect on pathological headaches. The present work investigated the exact role of the dopamine D2 receptor in chronic migraine and its effect on GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking.MethodsA chronic migraine model was established by repeated inflammatory soup stimulation. Mechanical, periorbital, and thermal pain thresholds were assessed by the application of von Frey filaments and radiant heat. The mRNA and protein expression levels of the dopamine D2 receptor were analyzed by qRT‒PCR and western blotting. Colocalization of the dopamine D2 receptor and the GLUA1-containing AMPAR was observed by immunofluorescence. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist (quinpirole) and antagonist (sulpiride), a PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), a PI3K pathway agonist (740YP), and a GLUA1-containing AMPAR antagonist (NASPM) were administered to confirm the effects of the dopamine D2 receptor, the PI3K pathway and GULA1 on central sensitization and the GLUA1-containing AMPAR trafficking. Transmission electron microscopy and Golgi-Cox staining were applied to assess the impact of the dopamine D2 receptor and PI3K pathway on synaptic morphology. Fluo-4-AM was used to clarify the role of the dopamine D2 receptor and PI3K signaling on neuronal calcium influx. The Src family kinase (SFK) inhibitor PP2 was used to explore the effect of Src kinase on GLUA1-containing AMPAR trafficking and the PI3K signaling pathway.ResultsInflammatory soup stimulation significantly reduced pain thresholds in rats, accompanied by an increase in PI3K-P110β subunit expression, loss of dopamine receptor D2 expression, and enhanced GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC). The dopamine D2 receptor colocalized with the GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor in the TNC; quinpirole, LY294002, and NASPM alleviated pain hypersensitivity and reduced GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking in chronic migraine rats. Sulpiride aggravated pain hypersensitivity and enhanced GLUA1 trafficking in CM rats. Importantly, the anti-injury and central sensitization-mitigating effects of quinpirole were reversed by 740YP. Both quinpirole and LY294002 inhibited calcium influx to neurons and modulated the synaptic morphology in the TNC. Additional results suggested that DRD2 may regulate PI3K signaling through Src family kinases.ConclusionModulation of GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking and central sensitization by the dopamine D2 receptor via the PI3K signaling pathway may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic migraine in rats, and the dopamine D2 receptor could be a valuable candidate for chronic migraine treatment.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10194-022-01469-x.     

A novel robust nomogram based on peripheral monocyte counts for predicting lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer

Accurate methods for identifying pelvic lymph node metastasis(LNM)of prostate cancer(PCa)prior to surgery are still lacking.We aimed to investigate the predicti...     

Development and Optimization of Broadband Acoustic Metamaterial Absorber Based on Parallel–Connection Square Helmholtz Resonators

An acoustic metamaterial absorber of parallel–connection square Helmholtz resonators is proposed in this study, and its sound absorption coefficients are optimized to reduce the noise for the given conditions in the factory. A two–dimensional equivalent simulation model is built to obtain the initial value of parameters and a three–dimensional finite element model is constructed to simulate the sound absorption performance of the metamaterial cell, which aims to improve the research efficiency. The optimal parameters of metamaterial cells are obtained through the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and its effectiveness and accuracy are validated through preparing the experimental sample using 3D printing and measuring the sound absorption coefficient by the standing wave tube detection. The consistency between the experimental data and simulation data verifies feasibility of the proposed optimization method and usefulness of the developed acoustic metamaterial absorber, and the desired sound absorption performances for given conditions are achieved. The experimental results prove that parallel–connection square Helmholtz resonators can achieve an adjustable frequency spectrum for the low frequency noise control by parameter optimization, which is propitious to promote its application in reducing the noise in the factory.     

HBx通过Notch信号通路在正常免疫小鼠体内导致肝癌的作用机制

目的 构建长期携带乙型肝炎病毒X(hepatitis B virus X,HBx)的正常免疫小鼠模型,以探讨HBx在体内导致肝癌发生的机制.方法 将转染HBx的肝前体细胞经肝门静脉注射入昆明小鼠体内构建动物模型,分别于术后30、90、180、360 d收取肝脏组织,Western blot和RT-qPCR检测HBx的表...     

中药饮片质量标准研究中的几个关键问题

中药饮片质量标准是中药炮制研究的重要内容,也是整个中药标准化体系的关键环节。尽管中药饮片有了国家标准,但是中药饮片标准化水平仍然处于较低水平。在中药饮片质量标准研究中,还存在一些实际问题需要我们加以重视和思考。本文结合作者长期的研究和生产实践,提出在中药饮片质量标准研究中要更加注重和传统炮制理论、炮制机理研究与药效物质研究的结合,努力构建更加全面、科学、合理的中药饮片质量标准。     

戊二酰辅酶A脱氢酶基因沉默及高浓度赖氨酸对BRL肝细胞活性的影响

目的探讨戊二酰辅酶A脱氢酶(GCDH)基因沉默和赖氨酸代谢物蓄积对肝细胞活性的影响。方法将BRL肝细胞分为正常对照组、阴性对照组和GCDH沉默组。构建含靶向沉默GCDH基因的sh RNA慢病毒载体,分别用该病毒和阴性对照病毒感染GCDH沉默组和阴性对照组BRL肝细胞。感染后细胞再用含5 mmol/L赖氨酸培养基培养。免疫荧光技术检测慢病毒感染效率;Western blot法检测GCDH蛋白表达水平;MTT法检测细胞活性,Hoechest 33342染色检测细胞凋亡,Western blot法检测细胞凋亡的经典指标Caspase3水平。结果构建的慢病毒可有效沉默肝细胞GCDH表达(P0.01)。MTT及Hoechest 33342染色检测各组间细胞活性及细胞凋亡比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Caspase3蛋白表达在各组间比较差异亦无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 GCDH基因沉默和赖氨酸代谢物蓄积对肝细胞无明显损伤作用。     

人工晶状体断襻的术中处理

目的：探讨人工晶状体植入时出现断襻的术中处理方法。方法：回顾总结2006-03/2011-05的25例25眼人工晶状体植入时出现断襻的术中处理方法：其一是将断襻人工晶状体植入囊袋内（23眼）,其二是一期或二期更换断襻人工晶状体（2眼）。结果：在25眼中,其中1眼术中进行人工晶状体的更换,1眼术后第3d人工晶状体向下发生严重脱位,进行了人工晶状体的更换,2眼人工晶状体发生轻微移位,余21眼未发生人工晶状体移位;术后1mo矫正视力0.8～1.0者8眼,0.5～者14眼,0.2者1眼（合并有糖尿病视网膜病变）,23眼均未发生人工晶状体明显移位;术后6mo随访的15眼均未发生人工晶状体明显移位。结论：将断襻人工晶状体植入囊袋内合适的位置,大多数人工晶状体不发生移位或不影响术后视力的提高,可以作为手术应急的一种选择。