全血中17种农药同时测定的固相萃取气相色谱质谱法

目的 建立同时检测全血中17种常见农药的固相萃取净化气相色谱-质谱(SPE-GC-MS)检测方法.方法 全血样品用乙腈提取,Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化,用气相色谱进行分离,选择离子扫描监测(SIM)的质谱扫描模式下定量分析.结果 全血中17种农药添加浓度在1.0～5.0 mg/L之间,加标回收率为41.3％～102.1％,大部分农药的相对标准偏差＜10％,17种农药在0.5～5.0 mg/L浓度范围线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9945 ～0.9994,定量检出限为0.05～0.09 mg/L.结论 该方法能够将全血中17种农药进行良好的分离测定,有较高的灵敏度、准确度和精密度,可满足中毒血样中多种农药的定性及定量检测分析的要求.     

Response of the xenograft endothelium in the concordant xenotransplantation

Objective: To investigate the response of the xenograft endothelium in the concordant hamster to rat cardiac xenotransplantation and the mechanism of acute vascular rejection. Methods: The animals were divided into 5 groups randomly: control group,CsA group, splenectomy group, D0 splenectomy+CsA group and D3 splenectomy+CsA group. Hamster heart was heterotopicaly transplanted to rat abdominal cavity. The graft survival was monitored by palpation of the rat abdominal wall. The histological and ultrastructural changes of the xenogafts were investigated. NF-κB and P-selectin expression in the xenograft were detected. Hene Oxigenase-1 and Bcl-2 expression were also detected in the xenografts of different groups. Results: The mean survival time of the xenografts in control group, CsA group, splenectomy group, D0 splenectomy+CsA group and D3 splenectomy+CsA group was 3.4±0.55, 3.8±0.45, 6.4±1.52, 30 and 7.4±1.14 days. The rejected graft showed typical acute vascular rejection in control group, CsA group,splenectomy group and D3 splenectomy+CsA group. Endothelial cells of the rejected xenograft showed dramatic assembly of ribosomes and expansion of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. However, the endothelium of the long-term survived grafts in D0 splenectomy+CsA group showed normal architecture. NF-κB and P-selectin expression were detected in the rejected xenografts. HO-1 expression was observed in the long-term survived xenografts in D0 splenectomy+CsA group. Conclusion: The endothelial cells of the xenograft might be activated during the acute vascular rejection. Expression of HO-1 might inhibit the upregulation of NF-κB and adhesion molecular which decreases the activation of the endothelium of the graft.     

CD44v6、CEA检测在癌性胸水患者中的临床应用

目的探讨CD44v6和CEA在胸腔积液性质鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法选取65名胸腔积液患者,35例为恶性胸腔积液,30例为良性胸腔积液。抽取胸腔积液后采用ELISA法厦化学发光方法检测CD44v6、CEA的含量。结果恶性胸腔积液中的CD44v6、CEA水平明显高于良性胸腔积液,差异有统计学意义。CD44v6的恶性胸腔积液诊断分界点为15．60ng／ml,敏感性为88．60％,特异性为80．00％。CEA的恶性胸腔积液诊断分界点为1．15ng／ml,敏感性为68．60％,特异性为63．30％。CD44v6＋CEA联合检测的敏感性为88．60％,特异性为86．70％。结论CD44v6、CEA检测对良、恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断有一定的临床意义。两者联合检测可提高诊断的特异性。     

替加氟和氟尿嘧啶分别与草酸铂联合持续静脉滴入治疗晚期胃癌的比较研究

目的：探讨持续静脉滴入替加氟、氟尿嘧（5-FU）分别与草酸铂（L-OHP）联合对晚期胃癌的效果。方法：67例晚期胃癌患者分别接受方案A（32例）和方案B（35例）治疗。方案A：替加氟800mg／m^2,持续静脉滴入（24h）,d1～d5;甲酰四氢叶酸（LV）200mg／m^2,静脉滴入（2h）,d1～d5;L-OHP135mg／m^2,静脉滴入（2h）,d1。方案B：5-FU750mg／m^2,持续静脉滴入（24h）,d1～d5;LV与L—OHP应用方法同方案A。均21d为1个周期。结果：67例患者中CR9例,PR34例,有效率64．0％。TTP和MST分别为7．2个月和11．3个月。方案A有效率高于方案B,分别为68．8％和60．0％,但差异无统计学意义（Χ^2=0．557,P=0．456）。初次化疗患者有效率高于既往接受化疗者,分别为73．7％和60．4％。对复治患者方案A有效率为69．6％,方案B为52．0％,尽管方案A组有效率呈现增高的趋势,但差异无统计学意义（Χ^2=1．545,P=0．214）。两种治疗方案的不良反应均易于耐受。结论：持续静脉滴入替加氟、氟尿嘧啶分别与草酸铂联合可以作为晚期胃癌安全有效的治疗方案。     

5-LOX/OOX-2抑制剂DHDMBF30对胰腺癌细胞Capan-2的作用机制

目的:研究5-LOX/COX-2抑制剂DHDMBF30对人胰腺癌Capan-2细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法:RT-PCR、MTT、FCM和电镜检测DHDMBF30对胰腺癌Capan-2细胞的增殖和凋亡的影响。结果:DHD-MBF30明显抑制Capan-2细胞增殖,IC50(50%的细胞失去活性时所需要的药物浓度)为12μmol/L,减弱5-LOX、COX-2和VEGF的表达。Capan-2经DHDMBF30处理后凋亡峰明显升高(27.67±0.52)%,P<0.001。结论:DHDMBF30能够抑制胰腺癌Capan-2细胞的增殖,诱导其凋亡。     

某民营三甲医院输血病案缺陷分析

目的 通过调查分析某民营三甲医院输血病案缺陷,进一步规范输血病案管理,提高病历书写质量.方法 随机抽取2017年1月1日-2018年12月31日临床输血病案1545份,通过统计输血病案缺陷率现状,运用PDCA循环等管理工具,寻找输血病案缺陷的主要原因,并对改进结果进行统计学分析,进行输血病案缺陷对策研究.结果 输血病案...     

Prevalence and related factors of hyperuricaemia in Chinese children and adolescents: a pooled analysis of 11 population-based studies

Background and aimsHyperuricaemia can lead to gout and is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disease. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of hyperuricaemia and its related factors in Chinese children and adolescents.MethodsWe pooled data from 11 population-based studies comprising 54,580 participants aged 3–19 years. The sex- and age-standardized prevalence of hyperuricaemia was estimated overall and by sex, age, weight status, geographic region and survey year.ResultsSerum uric acid (SUA) increased gradually from 3 to 11 years with no significant sex difference, and then increased dramatically during 11–15 years. The estimated overall prevalence of hyperuricaemia was 23.3% (26.6% in boys and 19.8% in girls, p < .001). The prevalence increased with growing age (3.7, 9.8, 15.8, 35.5 and 31.7% among children aged 3–5, 6–8, 9–11, 12–15 and 16–19 years, respectively, p for trend < .001) and with increasing weight status (18.2, 37.6, 50.6 and 64.5% among children with non-overweight, overweight, obesity and extreme obesity, respectively, p for trend < .001). The prevalence was higher in North than in South (24.2 vs. 19.7%, p < .001), and increased markedly from 16.7% during 2009–2015 to 24.8% during 2016–2019. In multivariable regression analyses, sex, age, obesity, region and survey year were independently associated with odds of hyperuricaemia.ConclusionsThe prevalence of hyperuricaemia in Chinese children and adolescents is unexpectedly high. The findings suggest an urgent need to implement effective interventions to reduce risk of hyperuricaemia in Chinese youths.

KEY MESSAGES

• Question: What is the prevalence of hyperuricaemia in Chinese children and adolescents?
• Findings: In this large pooled cross-sectional study comprising >50,000 children and adolescents aged 3–19 years, we found that the prevalence of hyperuricaemia was high in overall population and subgroups of sex, age, obesity, region and survey year.
• Meaning: Our findings indicate that hyperuricaemia is an important health problem in Chinese children and adolescents, and effective intervention strategies are needed to reduce its burden.

     

浅谈科学发展观与高校和谐后勤建设

在后勤社会化的今天,高校后勤服务也相应的要改变传统的观念。高校后勤服务应树立以人为本的科学发展观,加强管理,提高素质,从而促进高校后勤社会化的改革与和谐校园的创建。     

Numerical Simulation on Thermal Stresses and Solidification Microstructure for Making Fiber-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites

The fabrication of fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) mainly consists of two stages: infiltration and solidification, which have a significant influence on the properties of MMCs. The present study is primarily focused on the simulation of the solidification process and the effect of the active cooling of fibers with and without nickel coating for making the continuous carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum matrix composites. The thermomechanical finite element model was established to investigate the effects of different cooling conditions on the temperature profile and thermal stress distributions based on the simplified physical model. The predicted results of the temperature distribution agree well with the results of the references. Additionally, a three-dimensional cellular automata (CA) finite element (FE) model is used to simulate the microstructure evolution of the solidification process by using ProCAST software. The results show that adding a nickel coating can make the heat flux smaller in the melt, which is favorable for preventing debonding at the coating/fiber and alloy interface and obtaining a finer microstructure. In the presence of the nickel coating, the number of grains increases significantly, and the average grain size decreases, which can improve the properties of the resultant composite materials. Meanwhile, the predicting results also show that the interfaces of fiber–coating, fiber–melt, and coating–melt experience higher temperature gradients and thermal stresses. These results will lead to the phenomenon of stress concentration and interface failure. Thus, it was demonstrated that these simulation methods could be helpful for studying the solidification of fiber-reinforced MMCs and reducing the number of trial-and-error experiments.     

"双三角论坛"综述

2006年5月13日,由教育部人文社会科学两个重点研究基地——上海师范大学都市文化研究中心与中山大学中国非物质文化遗产研究中心、上海高校都市文化E-研究院联合主办、江苏广电总台新闻中心等单位协办的“双三角论坛：国际大都市群理论与中国当代城市发展”在上海师范大学举行。本次论坛以大都市群理论为学理资源,以长江三角洲与珠江三角洲两大都市群为对象,深入探讨了在经济全球化与社会都市化背景下中国城市的科学与可持续发展问题。论坛以国际大都市群理论成果为借鉴,并以之作为我们正确认识当代城市化进程与现实生活世界的新框架。因其研究理论框架的先进性、研究视野的前瞻性与深刻的现实关怀,论坛引起了各界学者及社会媒体的高度关注。来自上海师范大学、中山大学、复旦大学、南京大学、山东大学、同济大学、厦门大学、上海大学、上海社会科学院、南京社会科学院、上海音乐学院等高校与科研单位的五十余位学者,以及来自京、沪、粤、宁等地的多家新闻与学术媒体积极参与到本次论坛中。著名学者、深圳大学胡经之教授应邀出席了本次论坛,向大会致了祝贺辞？上海政协副主席王荣华先生也到会并致开幕辞。