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61.
Christoph A. Binder Herminia Mi?o de Kaspar V. Klau? Anselm Kampik 《Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft》1999,247(7):663-667
Background: Most germs causing postoperative endophthalmitis derive from the conjunctival bacterial normal flora. Postoperative endophthalmitis
is often induced by staphylococcal germs. The application of polyvidone-iodine solution to the conjunctiva is one possibility
to reduce potential endophthalmitis-causing bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 1 % polyvidone-iodine
solution concerning the reduction of colonization with staphylococci in the course of intraocular surgery. This is to evaluate
the effectiveness of 1 % polyvidone-iodine solution concerning coagulase-negative and positive staphylococci. 相似文献
62.
Ulrike Stolba Susanne Binder Michaela Velikay Andreas Wedrich 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》1996,234(1):55-57
Background: To evaluate a potential effect of silicone oil on flexible silicone intraocular lenses, four lenses (STAAR AA-4203) were stored in silicone oil under sterile conditions for periods between 1 month and 3 years. Method: The edge and surface of the lenses were examined by scanning electron micrography and the findings compared with a lens of the same model which had been stored in Ringer's solution for 2 years. Results: After 1 year of silicone oil exposure, droplets of different sizes adherent to the surface of the lens were found. These changes proceeded to a wave-like appearance of the surface after 2 and 3 years of storage, so that a continuous layer of silicone oil polymers is probably covering the intraocular lens. Conclusion: Optical interference has to be considered a possibility if it turns out that the droplets cannot be removed during silicone oil evacuation. Consequently silicone intraocular lenses without hydrophilic preparation of the surface should not be implanted in eyes undergoing combined anterior and posterior segment surgery with silicone oil tamponade or in eyes with high risk for vitreoretinal complications.The authors state that they have no proprietary interest in the marketing of the products mentioned herein or competing products 相似文献
63.
The use of bolus materials for a tissue-equivalent field compensation is discussed and the application of compensation filters for high-energic radiation is stressed. The properties of "Super Stuff", which is a collodial, tissue-equivalent bolus, are described and compared with those of other materials such as polystyrene, plexiglas and water. The universal possibilities of applying "Super Stuff" as field compensating material are demonstrated on a practical example in the field of the kV therapy. 相似文献
64.
65.
Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke in patients aged 80 years and older : the tPA stroke survey experience 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Tanne D Gorman MJ Bates VE Kasner SE Scott P Verro P Binder JR Dayno JM Schultz LR Levine SR 《Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation》2000,31(2):370-375
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administered within 3 hours of symptom onset is the first available effective therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Few data exist, however, on its use in very elderly patients. We examined the characteristics, complications, and short-term outcome of AIS patients aged >/=80 years treated with tPA. METHODS: Patients aged >/=80 years (n=30) were compared with counterparts aged <80 years (n=159) included in the tPA Stroke Survey, a US retrospective survey of 189 consecutive AIS patients treated with intravenous tPA at 13 hospitals. RESULTS: Risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (fatal, symptomatic, and total) was 3%, 3%, and 7% in the elderly age group and 2%, 6%, and 9%, respectively, in their younger counterparts (P=NS for all comparisons). Likelihood of favorable outcome, defined as modified Rankin score 0 to 1, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score =5, or marked improvement by hospital discharge, was comparable between groups (37%, 54%, and 43% versus 30%, 54%, and 43%, respectively; P=NS for all comparisons). Elderly patients were more likely to be treated by stroke specialists (87% versus 60%; P=0.005) and less likely to have an identified protocol deviation (13% versus 33%; P=0.03). Elderly patients were discharged more often to nursing care facilities (17% versus 5%; P=0.003). In logistic regression models there were no differences in odds ratio for favorable or poor outcome, other than tendency for higher in-hospital mortality in elderly patients (odds ratio, 2.8; 95% CI, 0.81 to 9.62; P=0.10). CONCLUSIONS: Among AIS patients treated with intravenous tPA, age-related differences in characteristics and disposition were identified. No evidence for withholding tPA treatment for AIS in appropriately selected patients aged >/=80 years was identified. 相似文献
66.
Jill P Ginsberg Avital Cnaan Huaqing Zhao Bernard J Clark Stephen M Paridon Alvin J Chin Jack Rychik Alexa N Hogarty Gerald Barber Monika Rutkowski Thomas R Kimball Cynthia DeLaat Laurel J Steinherz Jeffrey H Silber 《Journal of clinical oncology》2004,22(15):3149-3155
PURPOSE: As the number of pediatric cancer survivors increases, so does the number of survivors previously exposed to anthracyclines as part of their cancer therapy. Because screening is costly, some have suggested that health-related quality of life (HRQL) measures might be useful in focusing screening tests on those patients with cases most likely to display positive findings. This study reports on the predictive ability of HRQL measures to detect patients with abnormalities on serial cardiac testing. METHODS: Using 127 patients from the ACE-Inhibitor after Anthracycline (AAA) Trial, this study compared serial measures of the Short Form-36 (SF-36; for ages > 13 years) and Child Health Questionnaire-Child Form 87 (CHQ-CF87; for ages < or = 13 years) to serial cardiac performance tests including echocardiographic shortening fraction, left ventricular end systolic wall stress (LVESWS), LVESWS-index, and maximal cardiac index (MCI; a measure of cardiac output at peak exercise). RESULTS: Generally, there was no clinically or statistically significant correlation between any HRQL measure and any cardiac function measure except between MCI and vitality and physical functioning. For each of these measures, the correlation between MCI was statistically significant (P < .006), but each HRQL subscale could explain no more than 7% of the variation in MCI. HRQL measures were not predictive of any other cardiac function measure. CONCLUSION: HRQL measures should not be used in isolation as a screen for cardiac function abnormalities in patients exposed to anthracylines who already have a mild degree of ventricular dysfunction. Patient history appears to be no substitute for cardiac testing in this cohort. 相似文献
67.
Magnification of symptoms or nonoptimal effort on neuropsychological tests, within the context of head injury litigation, can have several independent or related underlying causes. Therefore, detecting exaggeration does not automatically indicate that the individual is malingering. This article reviews the evaluative and differential diagnostic process and provides the clinician with suggestions regarding assessment methods. A forensic evaluation that does not include careful consideration of possible negative response bias should be considered incomplete. 相似文献
68.
Ungureanu G Alexa ID 《Revista medico-chirurgical?? a Societ????ii de Medici ??i Naturali??ti din Ia??i》2000,104(2):31-37
The paper presents a review of recent findings about cardiovascular risk factors in elderly. It becomes important to know that the cardiovascular risk factors we look for in adulthood change in elderly patients. However, we consider that the cardiovascular risk factors in elderly remain hypertension, smoking status, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity. Recent studies proved that in elderly high levels of cholesterol are much less found than in adults as well as smoking status. Elderly has specific risk factors: high levels of iron and basic tachycardia. Other possible risk factors are: high levels of homocysteine, low plasmatic levels of HDL-cholesterol, high levels of lipoprotein-A and some coagulation factors. 相似文献
69.
70.
This report describes the consequences and some aspects of the origin and development of victim blaming in accident analysis, and some methods for investigating such events, with particular emphasis on the situation in Brazil. In Brazil, the spread of this practice seems to have been helped by several factors. (1) The idea that occupational accidents are simple phenomena with a limited number of causal factors linked to unsafe actions and/or conditions. In the past, the theory of accident proneness had less influence than in other countries. (2) Government regulations that stipulate the hiring of health and safety officers, production of "educational" material, and "preventive" campaigns that emphasize the role of the victim's "faulty" behavior in the origin of an accident. (3) Mandatory implementation of standardized models for accident investigation directed toward searching for a single "cause." Usually one conclusion, expressed in terms of unsafe acts or conditions, is formulated so that whoever performs an unsafe act is responsible for the accident. (4) Lack of knowledge, as shown in Brazilian publications on occupational accidents and in the evolution of studies on the nature of accident phenomena and of strategies adopted for their prevention. 相似文献