人体蠕形螨的生物学研究

用透明胶带法观察蠕形螨在人体面部的寄生、逸出及其在体外的存活能力。结果表明：毛囊蠕形螨（Ｄｅｍｏｄ－ｅｘｆｏｌｉｃｕｌｏｒｕｍ，Ｄ．ｆ．）主要以颚体朝向毛囊底部寄生，且常常有多条群居现象，而皮脂蠕形螨，（Ｄｅｍｏｄｅｘｂｒｅｖｉｓ，Ｄ．ｂ．）一般为单条独居生活。两种人体蠕形螨昼夜均可主动爬出毛囊口出现在皮肤表面，Ｄ．ｆ．以白天１０００～１８００为逸出高峰；Ｄ．ｂ．则以夜间２２００～２００逸出最多。此外，蠕形螨在体外有较强的活动力和存活力。透明胶带法在人体蠕形螨的流行病学调查和生物学研究方面具有较高的应用价值     

Measurements of Blood Pressure, Oedema and Proteinuria in a Pregnant Population of New Zealand

Summary: This is the first report of the largest study of blood pressure measurement in pregnancy in a New Zealand population using standardized definitions and methodology. Over 3,800 women who delivered in an 8-month period in the Wellington region were included in the study. Blood pressure measurement and the presence of oedema and proteinuria were recorded from booking until delivery and in the puerperium. Only 2.7% of women were unable to be contacted after delivery for details on outcomes. The results established normal ranges for blood pressure throughout pregnancy. The data show that Mood pressure greater than 140/90 until 35 weeks' gestation is outside 2 standard deviations at all gestations and justifies using these measurements as the definition of hypertension in pregnancy. The fall in blood pressure in the 2nd trimester was less than 1 mm Ffg per week in both the systolic and diastolic pressures. This fall was smaller than previously recorded in other studies. Gestational hypertension was the commonest blood pressure abnormality occurring in 15.2% of the population. This represented 69% of the pregnant women with a hypertensive disorder. The overall incidence of both gestational hypertension and preeclampsia was 18.5% which is higher than reported in other parts of the world. In this study obesity was significantly associated with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. An arm circumference of >33 cm, one of the measurements of obesity, was found in 6.8% of the study population. Even after the effect of arm circumference was taken into account, hypertensive disorders were also more common in Pacific Island women. Ankle oedema was significantly associated with the development of both gestational hypertension and preeclampsia but the incidence of oedema was noted in only 11.9% of the subjects.     

DNA-Methylierung von monohalogenierten Methanen in F-344 Ratten

Monohalogenated methanes (methyl chloride, methyl bromide and methyl iodide) are mutagenic and carcinogenic. The possible mechanism of these effects, DNA methylation, was studied. DNA adducts from orgnas of F344 rats exposed to these chemicals were separated and identified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gaschro-matography/massspectrometry (GC/ MS). DNA adducts, 7-methylguanine (7-MeG) and O⁶-Methylguanine(0⁸-MeG), incorporation of¹⁴C into de novo synthesis of nucleobases could be observed in enzymatic DNA hydrolysates by HPLC and determination of the radioactivity in the fractions. The formation of DNA add,ue,ts in the studied organs was only quantitatively different. The formation of O⁶-MeG was further pioved by analysing the acidic hydrolysates using HPLC with non-radioactive O⁶MeG as internal standard. 7-MeG and 3-MeA were identified with GC/MS analysis.     

创伤性膈疝21例临床分析

我院自１９８９年３月至１９９５年１０月手术治疗２１例创伤性膈疝，２１例疝愈。 发病机理与胸腹腔压力差、腹腔脏器冲击膈肌及胸腔负压有关。同时简要介绍了创伤性膈疝的诊断和治疗。     

Ketoprofen Versus Paracetamol in the Treatment of Acute Migraine

The efficacy and safety of ketoprofen and paracetamol were compared for the treatment of acute migraine in a randomized, double-blind study of 64 patients. Thirty-four patients received ketoprofen 100 mg intramuscularly, and 30 patients received paracetamol 500 mg intramuscularly. Partial or complete relief of pain and other symptoms was achieved 15 to 20 minutes after administration in the ketoprofen group and within 35 minutes in the paracetamol group. Complete relief of pain was achieved within 30 to 40 minutes after ketoprofen in 28 patients (82.5%) compared to 5 patients (17.5%) in the paracetamol group. Six of the patients treated with ketoprofen needed a second dose for complete relief of pain during the 4-hour follow-up period. Side effects were rare and minimal. Our findings suggest that ketoprofen produced statistically significant benefit in the treatment of acute migraine.     

棕榈油对成人血脂和血小板功能的影响

报道了棕榈油（ＰＡ），花生油（ＰＥ）对血清总胆固醇水平（ＴＣ）在５．５～７．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的受试者血脂和血小板功能的影响。５１名受试者（男３１人，女２０人，年龄３０～６６岁之间）分为两组，一组男１５人，女１１人，称ＰＥ组；另一组男１６人女９人，称ＰＡ组，预备期３周，膳食以当地日常食用的花生油烹调，实验期６周。ＰＡ组受试者食用以棕榈油烹调的实验膳；ＰＥ组受试者仍食花生油烹调的膳食。脂肪约占膳食能量的３０％，其中６０％～６５％来自实验油。实验结果表明：与起始值相比，６周末ＰＡ组受试者血清ＴＣ，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）和总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值（ＴＣ／ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）显著下降，血浆血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）／６－酮前列环素Ｆ１α、（６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α）比值显著下降，全血血小板聚集率未见显著变化。ＰＥ组受试者的血脂、血浆ＴＸＢ２、６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α及全血血小板聚集率等指标均未出现显著变化。提示，棕榈油作为我国居民家庭烹调用油并不会增加发生心血管疾病的危险。     

A Clinical Study of Reversing Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients by Adalat

ＡＣｌｉｎｉｃａｌＳｔｕｄｙｏｆＲｅｖｅｒｓｉｎｇＬｅｆｔＶｅｎｔｒｉｃｕｌａｒＨｙｐｅｒｔｒｏｐｈｙｉｎＨｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｖｅＰａｔｉｅｎｔｓｂｙＡｄａｌａｔＺｈａｎｇＦｕｍｉｎ（张馥敏）ＸｕＤｉ（许迪）ＹｏｎｇＹｏｎｇｈｏｎｇ（雍永宏）Ｃｈｅｎ...     

心肌造影超声心动图评估心肌缺血程度的实验研究

本实验制作不同程度心肌缺血的动物模型，以声处理５％人血白蛋白为超声造影剂进行心肌灌注造影，探讨ＭＣＥ时间－强度曲线各指标与心肌缺血程度间的关系。结果表明：心肌显影的峰值强度和曲线下面积均与缺血程度呈显著负相关（相关系数分别为ｒ＝－０．９８，Ｐ值＜０．００５；ｒ＝－０．９４，Ｐ值＜０．０５），且能区分轻度、中度和重度三种程度的心肌缺血；而三项时间指标与心肌缺血程度间未发现显著性差异。本实验的初步结果表明，ＭＣＥ是一项活体评估局部心肌血流灌注的有效方法。