子宫颈腺癌石蜡包埋组织中人类乳头状瘤病毒型别分布及其与患者年龄的关系

 【摘要】　目的　探讨子宫颈腺癌中人类乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）的分布情况及HPV感染与患者年龄的关系。方法　采用描述流行病学研究设计,纳入32例来自一项多中心临床研究的经病理确诊的子宫颈腺癌患者的标本。采用三明治技术进行石蜡包埋组织的切片,SPF10-PCR技术进行DNA扩增,使用反向杂交线型探针检测技术（LiPA）进行HPV分型;对所有切片进行病理阅片和诊断,分析确诊为子宫颈腺癌标本的HPV分布情况,并行统计学分析。结果　32例腺癌患者中,HPV阳性率为53.1 %（17／32）。HPV-18为最主要HPV型别,占HPV阳性患者的47.4 %（8／17）,其次为HPV-16,占HPV阳性患者的26.3 %（5／17）。检测到的其他型别为HPV-39、HPV-45和HPV-66;多重感染者1例（HPV-18和HPV-66）。HPV-16与HPV-18相比,其阳性的腺癌患者平均年龄分别为48.6和40.6岁,差异有统计学意义（P＝0.048）。采用<50岁以及≥50岁作为年龄分组,HPV任意型别阳性率在两个年龄组中的差异无统计学意义（P＝0.074）。HPV-18在两个年龄组的腺癌患者和HPV阳性腺癌患者中的分布均差异有统计学意义（P＝0.003、P＝0.029）。HPV-16在两个年龄组腺癌患者中和在HPV阳性的腺癌患者中的分布差异无统计学意义（P＝1、P＝0.6）。HPV-16和（或）HPV-18感染在两个年龄组HPV阳性腺癌患者中的阳性率差异无统计学意义（P＝0.052）,但在全部腺癌患者两个年龄组中阳性率差异有统计学意义（P＝0.005）。结论　HPV-18和HPV-16是子宫颈腺癌中最主要分布的两种HPV型别。HPV阳性尤其HPV-18阳性在年轻的腺癌患者中更为常见。HPV-16阳性较HPV-18阳性在年龄较大的妇女中更为常见。     

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目的    了解高海拔地区藏族牧民口腔健康情况,探讨口腔疾病发病情况和规律,为采取防治措施和改善口腔医疗服务提供依据。方法    2008年10月选择西藏羊易村成年人为调查对象,共439人接受调查,其中男206人,女233人。按照年龄分为：18～24岁组（120人）、>24～34岁组（108人）、>34～44岁组（96人）、>44岁组（115人）;每个年龄组内按性别再分组。以世界卫生组织1997年口腔健康调查基本方法为标准,调查成年牧民龋齿、牙周疾病、第三磨牙萌出及口腔其他疾病患病情况,并对结果进行分析。结果    羊易村成人龋患率、龋均、平均缺牙数分别为74.94%、5.74、3.57。18～24岁和>24～34岁组女性龋均显著高于男性,且差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。各年龄组内男女间人均缺牙数、龋患率、有28颗牙人数、牙结石检出率、牙周炎发生率差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;而从总体统计,女性缺牙数、龋患率、牙周炎发生率高于男性（P < 0.05）,有28颗牙人数低于男性（P < 0.05）,男性>24～34岁组牙龈炎发生率显著高于同龄女性（P < 0.05）。>24～34岁组中女性第三磨牙萌出率高于男性（P < 0.05）,而在>44岁组中男性高于女性（P < 0.05）。在>24～34岁组、>44岁组和全体样本总计中女性萌出的第三磨牙龋齿发生率均高于男性（P < 0.05）。439名被调查者中有22人有不良固定义齿修复;38人有上颌侧切牙装饰性义齿修复。龋齿充填率为0。结论    高海拔地区缺氧环境和饮食习惯对口腔发育和疾病有一定影响。西藏牧民口腔健康状况较差,需要改善牧区口腔医疗条件,建立口腔防治体系。     

硫酸镁对普鲁帕酮致心律失常的干预作用

目的探讨静脉滴注硫酸镁对普鲁帕酮致心律失常作用的干预效果。方法将92例心律失常患者随机分为对照组和干预组,每组46例。两组均口服普鲁帕酮,干预组同时静脉滴注硫酸镁,于治疗1周后常规心电图观察心律失常变化及致心律失常作用。结果心律失常消失率对照组为43.4%(20/46)、干预组为82.6%(39/46),致心律失常率对照组为19.6%、干预组为4.4%,两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论普鲁帕酮抗心律失常同时有致心律失常作用,使用硫酸镁干预可降低致心律失常发生率。     

无创性动态阴茎海绵体测压诊断阴茎勃起功能障碍

目的　探讨应用无创性动态阴茎海绵体测压 (VISER)在勃起功能障碍 (ED)诊断中的价值。　方法　对 5 3例ED患者的PGE1阴茎海绵体内注射试验、VISER及彩色双功能超声检查结果进行对比分析。　结果　PorstⅢ级者 4 3例 ,平均海绵体压力和压力指数分别为 14 4 .2 9mmHg(1mmHg=0 .133kPa)和 1.2 4。 4 2例血管功能正常 ,1例为静脉性ED ;PorstⅡ级者 10例 ,平均海绵体压力和压力指数为 87.76mmHg和 0 .81,两组间比较差别有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;PorstⅡ级者中动脉性ED2例 ,静脉性ED8例 ,两组间海绵体压力比较差别有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论　VIS ER是一种有效的无创性诊断ED的方法 ,对动脉性及静脉性ED的鉴别亦有一定价值。     

Differences in T cell subsets between men and women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder, occurring predominantly in women. We studied by flow cytofluorimetry the T cell subsets in men and women with ITP and compared them with healthy sex-matched volunteers. In healthy controls, women were found to have higher proportions of T helper/inducer (Th/i) and lower T suppressor/cytotoxic (Ts/c) lymphocytes and consequently higher Th/i:Ts/c ratios than men. Accordingly, in clinical surveys, patients and controls should be matched for sex for proper comparisons. In patients with ITP in its active phase, an imbalance in T cell subsets was found in both sexes. The perturbation was more severe in women who had a marked decrease in number and proportion of Th/i lymphocytes and an increase in the proportion of Ts/c lymphocytes, whereas in men only, the proportion of Th/i lymphocytes was decreased. When patients with active disease were compared to those with ITP in remission, the decrease in Th/i subsets still persisted in both sexes but the Ts/c subset in women had returned to normal proportions. Therefore, the immune imbalance in ITP is more marked in women than men; imbalances in both Th/i and Ts/c are present in women while Ts/c appears not to be involved in men.     

Full-length but not truncated CD34 inhibits hematopoietic cell differentiation of M1 cells

CD34 is expressed on human and murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and its clinical usefulness for isolation of stem/progenitor cells has been well established. Although expression of CD34 is regulated in a developmental stage-specific manner, the function of CD34 is not known. Recently we have shown that both a full-length and truncated form of CD34 protein is expressed by hematopoietic cells (Blood 84:691, 1994). To test whether failure to suppress either form of CD34 could affect terminal myeloid differentiation, we constitutively expressed these CD34 proteins in murine M1 myeloid leukemia cells, which can be terminally differentiated to macrophages by treatment with interleukin-6 of leukemia inhibitory factor. Surprisingly our results show that forced expression of the full-length but not the truncated form of CD34 impedes terminal differentiation by these agents. Because the difference between the two forms of CD34 protein resides in the length of their respective cytoplasmic tail domains, our findings strongly suggest that the cytoplasmic domain region of full-length CD34 is responsible for the observed maturation arrest phenotype. These findings suggest a potential negative regulatory role for full-length CD34 in hematopoietic cell differentiation and may explain, at least in part, the block in maturation observed in CD34+ acute myeloid leukemia.