Cerebral Cortical Aquaporin-4 Expression in Brain Edema following Cardiac Arrest in Rats

OBJECTIVES: Brain edema occurs following clinical as well as experimental cardiac arrest (CA) and predicts a poor neurologic outcome. The objective of this study was to determine the expression of cerebral cortex aquaporin (AQP)-4, a member of a family of membrane water-channel proteins, in brain edema formation following normothermic or hypothermic CA. METHODS: Twenty-four rats were subjected to time-matched normothermic (N-Sham, 37.5 degrees C +/- 0.5 degrees C, n = 6) or hypothermic (H-Sham, 34 degrees C +/- 0.5 degrees C, n = 6) sham experiments and normothermic (N-CA, n = 6) or hypothermic (H-CA, n = 6) CA induced by asphyxiation for 8 minutes. Hypothermia was induced before CA. The animals were resuscitated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ventilation, and epinephrine administration. Brain edema was determined by brain wet-to-dry weight ratio at one hour of resuscitation. AQP4 immunoactivity in the cerebral cortex was determined using immunohistochemical staining and was semiquantified as an intensity of staining with an automated cell imaging system. RESULTS: Mild hypothermia in the sham experiments did not alter cerebral cortex AQP4 immunoactivity (mean +/- SD) (55.0 +/- 3.7 in H-Sham vs. 53.3 +/- 1.7 in N-Sham, p > 0.05). N-CA resulted in a significant increase in AQP4 immunoactivity (61.8 +/- 4.5) compared with N-Sham (p = 0.01) and H-Sham (p = 0.03). H-CA attenuated AQP4 compared with N-CA (53.4 +/- 1.3, p = 0.01). Brain wet-to-dry weight ratios were 4.41 +/- 0.07 in N-Sham, 4.40 +/- 0.08 in H-Sham (p > 0.05 vs. N-Sham), 4.55 +/- 0.04 in N-CA (p = 0.004 vs. N-Sham; p = 0.005 vs. H-Sham), and 4.43 +/- 0.09 in H-CA (p = 0.02 vs. N-CA; p > 0.05 vs. N-Sham and H-Sham). CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral cortical AQP4 expression is up-regulated after normothermic CA, which is attenuated by hypothermia induced before CA.     

芒硝冰袋治疗化疗性静脉炎效果观察

目的 探讨自制芒硝冰袋治疗化疗药物致静脉炎的效果.方法 将52例化疗药物外渗致静脉炎的患者随机分为观察组和对照组各26例,分别采用芒硝冰袋和普通冰袋冰敷.比较两组治疗效果.结果 观察组疗效显著优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 芒硝冰袋冰敷治疗化疗药物致静脉炎疗效好,能减轻患者痛苦.     

基层公共卫生人员心身健康状况分析

目的了解基层公共卫生人员心身健康状况及影响因素,为提高其健康水平和工作质量提供科学依据。方法应用中国心身健康量表,采用分层整群抽样的方式,抽取胶州、嘉祥、兖州和邹城疾病预防控制中心及下属防保站的公共卫生人员584名进行问卷调查。结果基层公共卫生人员心身障碍发生率为39.43%,其中最高为骨骼系统14.17%,其次为神经系统12.73%;呼吸系统、心血管系统、焦虑、抑郁、精神病性5项因子评分小于全国常模;运用二分类Logistic逐步回归分析显示,从事本行业年限的增加是引起眼和耳疾病的危险性因素（OR=1.067）,职务的增高是导致心血管系统（OR=1.878）、消化系统（OR=1.675）、精神病性（OR=1.841）疾患的危险性因素;核心家庭（OR=0.136）、扩展家庭（OR=0.143）是降低抑郁发生的保护性因素。结论相关部门应采取综合措施,从工作和家庭环境等方面入手,提高基层公共卫生人员的心身健康水平。     

总结成就 展望未来 不断进取 再创辉煌——访山东大学第二医院院长赵升田

<正>齐鲁大地深厚的文化底蕴赋予山东大学第二医院丰厚的人文内涵,百年名校山东大学雄厚的人才和科技实力是医院坚实的支持力量。在这片丰饶开阔的土地上,山东大学第二医院     

牛磺酸在防治老年病中的应用及其药理机制

牛磺酸(taurine,Tau) 又名为牛胆酸、牛胆素,是名贵中药"牛黄"的主要功效成分之一,化学名为2-氨基乙磺酸(2-Aminoethyanesulfonicacid),分子结构式见图1.牛磺酸最早于1827年从雄牛的胆汁中分离得到并得名,1975年Hayes等[1]报道牛磺酸为猫和早产儿的必需营养物质,此后国际上对牛磺酸进行了大量的研究.本文就牛磺酸的生化性质及防病抗衰功效做一综述,并提出笔者对牛磺酸药理作用的独特的生化诠释.     

Effects ofTripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch on male fertility

Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch (TH) is a perennial used in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and various skin disorders. One study showed that daily oral doses of TH significantly reduced the fertility of male rats without apparent toxicity. The effects of daily oral doses of TH on the fertility of men taking it for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis were evaluated. Sperm concentration, motility and motility grade all were significantly reduced in the 13 men taking TH compared to 11 untreated controls. TH therapy did not affect testosterone, FSH, LH levels, and its antifertility effects appeared to be reversible.

---

Resumen Triperygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch (TH) es una perenne usada en la medicina tradicional china para el tratamiento de artritis reumatoidea y de varios desórdenes de la piel. Un estudio demostró que orales diarias de TH reducían significativamente la fertilidad en ratas macho, sin toxicidad aparente. Se evaluaron los efectos de dosis diarias orales de TH en la fertilidad de hombres que le tomaban para el tratamiento de la artritis reumatoidea. La concentración de espermatozoides, la motilidad y el grado de motilidad, se encontraron significativamente reducidos en los 13 hombres tomando TH comparados con 11 controles no tratados. La terapia con TH no afectó los niveles de testosterona, FSH y LH y sus efectos antifertilidad parecían ser reversibles.

---

Resumé LeTriperygium hypoglaucum Hutch (TH) est communément utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise pour le traitement de la polyarthrite chronique évolutive (PCE) et de divers troubles cutanés. Une étude a montré que l'administation quotidienne de doses orales de TH réduisait considérablement la fécondité de rats mâles sans provoquer de toxicité apparente. On a évalué les effets de doses quotidiennes administrées par voie orale sur la fécondité d'hommes atteints de PCE et traités au TH. La concentration, la motilité et le degré de motilité du sperme avaient significativement diminué chez 13 hommes traités au TH par comparaison avec 11 témoins non traités. Le traitement au TH n'a eu aucun effet sur les niveaux de testostérone, FSH et LH et ses effets anti-fécondants semblent être réversibles.

     

某部队急性腹泻病监测报告 Ⅰ.流行病学部分

１９９１年６月～１９９２年５月在驻粤某部队进行了急性腹泻病的主动监测。年发病率为０．６４～１．０次／人／年。发病率与相对湿度（Ｘ２）、气温（Ｘ３），特别是雨量（Ｘ１）的关系经多元回归分析表明呈正相关。ｙ＝１．９８＋０．０２ｘ１＋０．０２ｘ２＋０．０７ｘ３，ｒ＝０．８７２７，Ｐ＜０．０１。病例－对照研究结果提示，饭前、便后不洗手等生活习惯用腹泻发病有密切关系。２６．３％的患者有淋雨、腹部受凉或感冒等     

南阳市1999～2001年新生儿破伤风疫情监测

目的 对南阳市3年的新生儿破伤风疫情监测结果进行分析，掌握该市新生儿破伤风发病概况，有针对地制订防治对策。方法 对3年的监测资料进行分析评价。结果 1999—2001年3年的发病率分别为0．09‰、0．07‰、0．04‰，发病县3年的年发病率均小于1‰。结论 开展各种形式的宣传活动，提倡住院分娩，推广消毒接生，对育龄妇女进行破伤风类毒素接种，从而有效降低其发病率。     

大鼠实验性肝硬化时甲状腺激素水平及甲状腺形态学变化的研究

将Wistar大鼠分为三组：肝硬化组，给予四氯化碳等复合因素，给药组，除给CCl4等复合因素外，用赤栀黄合剂灌胃41天；正常组给以一般饮食及饮水。结果，与正常组及给药组相比，硬化组血T3、T4测定值低，甲状腺滤泡中胶质明显减少，滤泡细胞与胶质间空泡增多，滤泡上皮细胞内PAS阳性小滴数日增多。表明在实验性肝硬化期间甲状腺参与了抗疾病的代谢活动，其机理可能是肝硬化时肝细胞合成、转运T3，T4的蛋白质减少。运输中的T3，T4减少，活性甲状腺素不足，从而导致甲状腺代偿性功能活跃。赤栀黄合剂具有保肝，恢复甲状腺素水平的作用。     

The prevalence of LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant in Chinese Han population with Parkinson's disease.

We conducted a case-control study to determine the prevalence of the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant in patients with Parkinson's disease in Han population in mainland China. Heterozygous LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant was identified in 14 of 235 patients with Parkinson's disease (5.69%), but not in 214 unrelated healthy controls. Multivariate analysis indicated the frequency of Gly2385Arg variant in the female patients with early age at onset is higher than their male counterparts. The founder haplotype analysis showed the variant carriers shared the same founder. Clinically, the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg carriers presented with classical Parkinson's disease symptoms. Our study indicates that the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant is a potential ethnic-specific genetic risk factor of Parkinson's disease within Chinese Han ethnicity.