石家庄市社区综合干预预防老年人跌倒的效果评价

目的 了解石家庄市社区老年人跌倒的发生情况,并评价预防老年人跌倒干预措施的效果。方法 采用分层随机抽样方法,于2012年随机抽取石家庄市桥西区维明社区60岁及以上、居住至少满1年的836名老年人作为调查对象,进行基线调查,然后每年对社区老年人进行预防跌倒的社区综合干预,2015年再次对相同社区老年人的跌倒情况进行随访调查。结果 干预后跌倒发生率（5.7%）低于干预前（11.6%）;干预后调查对象关于"跌倒可以预防","老年人选择老花镜时是否需要验光后购买","老年人跌倒后是否应该马上扶起"的知晓率均高于干预前（均有P<0.001）,干预后调查对象在预防跌倒相关行为中关于"采取措施预防跌倒","没有因为担心跌倒而减少自己的日常活动或运动"比例均高于干预前（均有P<0.001）。结论 对社区老年人实施社区综合干预能够提高老年人预防跌倒知识知晓率及相关行为比例,并能有效降低跌倒的发生率。     

Potentiation of fibroblast DNA synthesis by a phenytoin-induced mononuclear cell derived factor in vitro

Abstract – Human mononuclear cells purified by Lymphoprep flotation were incubated with phenytoin (PHT) (20 μg/ml) or its metabolite p-HPPH (2 μg/ml) in the presence of Concanaval-in A (10 μg/ml) in vitro. The results indicate that phenytoin and its metabolite p-HPPH induce the release of a mononuclear cell factor(s) that activates quiescent human gingival fibroblast to synthesize DNA.     

Intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography of the spinal cord

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of the spinal cord was performed in 6 patients using selective intra-arterial injections of contrast material. Two arteriovenous malformations of the spinal cord, 1 dural fistula, and 1 case of multiple hemangioblastomas were studied. Contrast and spatial resolution were satisfactory for defining normal and abnormal vascularity while reducing examination time, contrast dosage, patient discomfort, and film cost. The only significant limitation was misregistration artifacts seen on lateral views encompassing the diaphragm.     

Effects of malnutrition on the erythrocyte fatty acid composition and plasma vitamin E levels of Pakistani children

Abstract Erythrocyte fatty acids and plasma vitamin E concentrations were determined in 47 grade 2 and 21 grade 3 malnourished Pakistani children (ages 4–56 months). Data were compared with those of 26 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy controls. Evaluation with three statistical approaches revealed that both grade 2 and grade 3 malnourished children had decreased erythrocyte ω6 fatty acids and to a lesser extent decreased ω3 fatty acids. These decreases were compensated for by increased ω9 fatty acids. The patients tended to have lower plasma vitamin E concentrations. We conclude that malnourished Pakistani children have low essential fatty acid status, notably those of the ω6 series. The combination of low erythrocyte 22:6ω3 and a low 22:5ω6/22:4ω6 ratio in grade 2 patients suggests low Δ4-desaturation activity, which may be due to impaired peroxisomal β-oxidation.