Lead retention in blood and brain after preweaning low-level lead exposure in the rat

Newborn rats of the albino Wistar strain were exposed to lead from birth to 20 days of age through mothers milk, from dams which were fed diets containing 0, 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0% powdered lead. Subsequent determination of tissue lead revealed a direct relationship between the lead levels in both blood and brain of the pups and the lead dosage to which they were indirectly exposed via the dams' milk. Lead retention in both tissues was still evident at 100 days of age, with the relative elevation of lead levels being an order of magnitude higher in brain than in blood. There were no obvious signs of lead intoxication in the pups, apart from mild growth retardation in the group with the highest lead burden. However there was a significant retardation in behavioral development observed on two of four measures which were employed. It was concluded that brief exposure to low lead levels in infancy can have long lasting consequences in the brain and in behavior.     

羊水过少与妊娠结局132例临床分析

目的：探讨羊水过少与妊娠结局的关系。方法：对132例羊水过少病例进行回顾性分析。结果：随着孕周的增加,羊水过少发生率增加,孕周〉42周（过期妊娠）时羊水过少的发生率为42．86％,132例中有妊娠合并症者占42．42％,剖宫产率为42．42％,羊水量越少围生儿的预后越差。结论：羊水过少是胎儿缺氧的敏感性指标,提示胎儿宫内情况不良,应根据综合检查结果及妊娠是否存在高危因素选择恰当的分娩方式及时终止妊娠,可以明显改善围生儿预后。     

纹状体梗死患者黑质弥散变化的弥散张量研究

目的 观察纹状体梗死后黑质的弥散变化,探讨纹状体梗死后黑质的继发性损害及其意义.方法 收集首次发病、单侧纹状体梗死、非纹状体梗死、病程在3个月以上的患者各20例分别作试验组和临床对照组,募集健康志愿者20名作对照研究.研究对象均进行1次弥散张量成像(DTI),试验组与临床对照组进行改良Rankin量表(mRS)、Barthol指数(BI)的评分,评估患者脑梗死的预后以及日常生活能力,同时对部分有类似帕金森病症状的患者采用统一帕金森病综合评分量表(Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale,UPDRS)的第Ⅲ分量表评价其严重程度.结果 DTI的参数分析显示:分别与临床对照及健康对照比较,试验组梗死灶同侧黑质的平均弥散量(mean diffusion,MD)值分别升高30.86%(t=40.07,P=0.000)及31.42%(t=42.64,P=0.000),临床对照组梗死灶同侧黑质的MD值与健康对照组比较差异无统计学意义.与没有帕金森病样症状的患者比较,试验组患者中4例出现帕金森病样症状患者梗死灶同侧黑质的MD值升高22%(t=18.03,P=0.01),同时患侧黑质的MD值的上升与其帕金森病样症状的严重程度呈正相关(r=0.97,P=0.03).结论 纹状体梗死可以导致同侧黑质的继发性损害,而且这种继发性损害可能是部分帕金森综合征的发病原因.     

血管内皮细胞生长因子与恶性肿瘤侵袭转移关系的研究进展

恶性肿瘤是导致人类发病和死亡的主要原因之一。恶性肿瘤的病因至今尚未完全明确,但是国内外众多的研究证实其与血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGFs)家族有关,VEGFs是从牛垂体滤泡星形细胞体外培养液中纯化出来的。在受到恶性肿瘤侵袭和转移的组织中,通过免疫组织化学方法可以检测到这些因子的表达,为恶性肿瘤的筛选、预测和诊疗提供了新的思路。     

巴马小型猪1型糖尿病模型胰腺病理及生化指标的变化

目的 探讨腹腔多次注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)对巴马小型猪糖尿病胰腺病理学及生化指标的影响,为糖尿病相关研究提供安全稳定的动物模型。方法 选用健康雄性巴马小型猪12只,分为正常对照组(n=6)和糖尿病模型组(n=6)。糖尿病模型组腹腔注射STZ,第一次腹腔注射STZ 75 mg/kg,1周后第二次腹腔注射STZ 150 mg/kg,正常对照组注射等量柠檬酸钠溶液,动态监测2组小型猪空腹血糖;实验结束后行葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)、胰岛素释放试验(IRT)及胰腺组织病理学检查、胰岛β细胞免疫组化染色分析。结果 ①糖尿病模型组所有小型猪均造模成功,成模后均表现多尿、多饮、多食及体质量减轻“三多一少”的症状;②自链脲佐菌素给药后13 d开始,糖尿病模型组空腹血糖明显升高并稳定在(7.6~17.1)mmol/L水平;③造模成功1周后,糖尿病模型组OGTT各时点血糖水平均高于正常对照组(P<0.01),IRT各时点胰岛素水平均低于正常对照组(P<0.01);④糖尿病模型组胰腺组织病理学检查结果显示,胰岛细胞团及胰岛β细胞数目明显减少;⑤胰岛β细胞免疫组化结果提示,糖尿病模型组胰岛中胰岛素染色阳性面积显著低于正常对照组[(10.68±2.78)% vs (43.63±2.83)%, P<0.01]。结论 采用腹腔多次注射STZ可成功构建巴马小型猪1型糖尿病(T1DM)模型,该方法操作简单、成模率高、安全性强,是比较理想的制备小型猪T1DM模型的造模方法。     

经皮肾镜钬激光碎石与双导管超声碎石的比较研究

目的：比较经皮肾镜钬激光碎石与双导管超声碎石的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析2012年10月~2014年12月我院泌尿外科采用经皮肾镜碎石术治疗136例肾结石患者的临床资料,按碎石取石方式不同分为钬激光碎石组(A组66例)和双导管超声碎石组(B组70例),比较两组患者手术时间、失血量、术后感染发生率、Ⅰ期清石率的差异。结果A组手术时间为(85.36±21.52)皂蚤灶,术中出血量为(154.18±33.25)皂蕴,术后感染发生率为13.64豫,Ⅰ期清石率为90.91豫;月组手术时间为(76.15±20.36)皂蚤灶,术中出血量为(85.66±27.68)皂蕴,术后感染发生率为2.86%,Ⅰ期清石率为92.86%。两组手术时间、失血量、术后感染发生率比较差异有统计学意义(孕<0.05),Ⅰ期清石率比较差异无统计学意义(孕>0.05)。结论经皮肾镜双导管超声碎石术治疗肾结石手术时间短,术后感染、出血并发症少,疗效及安全性优于经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术。     

河南省65～74岁年龄组牙列缺损或缺失情况流行病学抽样调查分析

目的:获取河南省老年人牙列缺损、缺失情况的基本资料。方法:采用分层、不等比、多阶段、整群抽样的方法,对全省范围内65～74岁年龄组老年人牙列缺损、缺失情况进行流行病学抽样调查。结果:受调查的2320人中,牙列缺损者为1219人,占52.54%;义齿修复者为641人,占牙列缺损者的52.58%;牙列缺失率为21.98%,修复率为71.18%。结论:与全国平均水平相比,河南省老年人牙列缺损率较低,牙列缺失率较高。     

Effects of pca and dmae on the nematode caenorhabditis briggsae

Concentration of 6.8 mM DMAE did not retard age pigment accumulation in Caenorhabditis briggsae. However, when the nematodes were exposed to 6.8 mM PCA + 68 mM DMAE combined, the accumulation of age pigment was significantly retarded. A combination of 3.4 mM DMAE + 3.4 mM PCA had no effect on age pigment. It is concluded from this study that PCA and DMAE act in concert to produce the observed effect on age pigment. In respect to this parameter neither molecule was effective alone. The results indicate that the effect of centrophenoxine on age pigment might be enhanced by retarding the hydrolysis of centrophenoxine. The accumulation of electron dense aggregates, thought to be aggregates of cross-linked molecules, was reduced by 6.8 PCA + 6.8 DMAE. It is suggested that centrophenoxine be tested for its ability to remove random, unwanted cross-linkages in higher animals.