Using health-related quality of life measures to predict cardiac function in survivors exposed to anthracyclines.

PURPOSE: As the number of pediatric cancer survivors increases, so does the number of survivors previously exposed to anthracyclines as part of their cancer therapy. Because screening is costly, some have suggested that health-related quality of life (HRQL) measures might be useful in focusing screening tests on those patients with cases most likely to display positive findings. This study reports on the predictive ability of HRQL measures to detect patients with abnormalities on serial cardiac testing. METHODS: Using 127 patients from the ACE-Inhibitor after Anthracycline (AAA) Trial, this study compared serial measures of the Short Form-36 (SF-36; for ages > 13 years) and Child Health Questionnaire-Child Form 87 (CHQ-CF87; for ages < or = 13 years) to serial cardiac performance tests including echocardiographic shortening fraction, left ventricular end systolic wall stress (LVESWS), LVESWS-index, and maximal cardiac index (MCI; a measure of cardiac output at peak exercise). RESULTS: Generally, there was no clinically or statistically significant correlation between any HRQL measure and any cardiac function measure except between MCI and vitality and physical functioning. For each of these measures, the correlation between MCI was statistically significant (P < .006), but each HRQL subscale could explain no more than 7% of the variation in MCI. HRQL measures were not predictive of any other cardiac function measure. CONCLUSION: HRQL measures should not be used in isolation as a screen for cardiac function abnormalities in patients exposed to anthracylines who already have a mild degree of ventricular dysfunction. Patient history appears to be no substitute for cardiac testing in this cohort.     

Radioguided occult lesion localisation (ROLL) and sentinel node biopsy for impalpable invasive breast cancer.

AIM: The aim of this study was to simplify the technique of ROLL and sentinel node biopsy without compromising tumour excision and sentinel node biopsy. METHODS: Twenty patients with impalpable primary invasive breast carcinoma underwent an injection of 99mTc-nanocolloid mixed with radiographic contrast medium Iohexol into the centre of the lesion under ultrasound or stereotactic guidance pre-operatively. No guidewire localisation was performed. Under general anaesthesia, a periareolar intradermal/subcutaneous injection of patent blue-V dye was performed. The sentinel node was identified by blue-stained lymphatics and node and a hot spot on the gamma probe. Surgical excision of the primary tumour was then carried out using the gamma probe. RESULTS: In eight of 20 cases an immediate re-excision was carried out and on histological assessment, all 20 patients were clear of invasive disease at the margins. In two patients, in situ disease was present at the margins and a further re-excision was therefore performed. The sentinel node was identified in all cases. In all, five of 20 patients were node positive on routine HE staining. In a further two patients, tumour cells were identified by immunohistochemistry with CAM5.2 antibody. Completion axillary clearance in six patients confirmed that the sentinel node was the only positive node. CONCLUSIONS: This modification of the previously described ROLL technique is feasible and safe and does not compromise tumour excision or sentinel node detection.     

胸段食管癌三维适形放疗摆位误差研究

Objective To study the setup errors in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for thoracic esophageal carcinoma using electronic portal imaging device(EPID) and calculate the margins from CTV to PTV. Methods Forty-one patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma who received 3DCRT were continuously enrolled into this study. The anterior and lateral electronic portal images (EPI) were aquired by EPID once a week. The setup errors were obtained through comparing the difference between EPI and digitally reconstructed radiographs(DRR). Then the setup margins from CTV to PTV were calculat-ed. By using self paired design,22 patients received definitive radiotherapy with different margins. Group A: the margins were 10 mm in all the three axes;Group B: the margins were aquired in this study. The differ-ence were compared by Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results The margins from CTV to PTV in x,y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. Between the group A and group B, the difference of the maximum dose of the spinal cord was significant(4638.7 cGy±1449.6 cGy vs. 4310.2 cGy±1528.7 cGy; t=5.48, P=0.000), and the difference of NTCP for the spinal cord was also significant (4.82%±5.99% vs. 3.64%±4.70%;Z=-2.70,P=0.007). Conclusions For patients with tho-racic esophageal carcinoma who receive 3DCRT in author's department,the margins from CTV to PTV in x, y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. The spinal cord could be better protected by using these setup margins than using 10 mm in each axis.     

核素骶髂关节显像对强直性脊柱炎治疗监测的价值

目的 利用核素骶髂关节显像以及骶髂关节与骶骨的核素比值测定方法，探讨其在强直性脊柱炎(AS)治疗监测中的价值。方法 29例临床及CT确诊AS的病人，共58个骶髂关节，先行核素骶髂关节显像及其核素比值测定，然后进行临床药物治疗。治疗后2周再行同样的核素检查方法，观察其变化情况。结果 58个骶髂关节中，有51个骶髂关节示放射性核素呈不同程度浓聚，骶髂关节与骶骨放射性比值明显高于正常；2周后的检查所见其中原有异常的骶髂关节情况明显改善，有51个骶髂关节与骶骨比值均有降低，其中47个降至正常范围。两组比较差异有显著意义。结论 核素骶髂关节显像及其骶髂关节与骶骨核素比值测定，对骶髂关节炎的活动性监测具有重要的应用价值。     

高效液相色谱法测定舒金克喘胶囊中和厚朴酚与厚朴酚的含量

目的：测定舒金克喘胶囊中和厚朴酚与厚朴酚的含量。方法：色谱条件：色谱条件与系统适用性实验：Hypersil ODS2 C18分析柱（150mm 4．6mm，5μm）；流动相：甲醇：水=（78：22），检测波长294nm流速1．0ml／min，室温操作。理论塔板数按厚朴酚计算应不低于3000。结果：和厚朴酚与厚朴酚平均回收率分别为99．62%（RSD=1．34％），98．56％（RSD=1．49%）。结论：方法快速准确，样品处理简便易行。     

非小细胞肺癌中DPC4基因的表达与微血管形成的关系

目的：探讨DPC4（deleted in pancreatic carcinoma locus4，DPC4）基因在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中的表达及其与微血管形成的关系。方法：利用免疫组织化学S-P法检测52例NSCLC组织、19例相应的癌旁正常肺组织中DPC4、VEGF的表达，用CD34标记血管内皮细胞并计算微血管密度MVD值。结果：DPC4在肺癌原发灶中的阳性表达率为63．5％（33／52），与癌旁正常肺组织中的阳性表达率89．5％（17／19）相比，DPC4阳性表达水平显著降低（P〈0．05）；DPC4与组织学类型、肿瘤细胞分化程度无关（P〉0．05），但与淋巴结转移显著相关（P〈0．05）。52例NSCLC中，DPC4的表达与VEGF、MVD值均呈负相关（r=-0．303，P=0．020）。结论：DPC4的低表达可能是肺癌发生过程的早期事件，可促进肺癌的淋巴结转移，并可通过直接或间接的作用促进肺癌血管生成。     

卡维地洛治疗慢性心力衰竭的疗效观察

目的 :探讨卡维地洛治疗慢性心力衰竭的疗效和安全性。方法 :46例慢性心力衰竭患者随机分为治疗组 (26例)和对照组(20例)。对照组采用心力衰竭的标准治疗方案 ;治疗组在心力衰竭标准治疗方案基础上加用卡维地洛 ,治疗6mo。结果 :治疗组左室舒张末径减小 ,左室射血分数明显增加 ,与对照组比较有显著性差异 (P<0 05)。卡维地洛不良反应主要为头昏、乏力、心动过缓和低血压 ,未引起肝、肾功能损害及血象、血脂、电解质和糖代谢变化。结论 :卡维地洛治疗慢性心力衰竭有效、安全 ,能干预左室重塑。     

外阴白色病变患者用壮阳祛痰法为主治疗结果及与相关因素的临床探讨

目的探讨壮阳祛痰法--消白饮治疗外阴白色病变的结果及对性激素、免疫球蛋白和微量元素的影响.方法对82例外阴白色病变患者经病理检查确诊后,分析病因为肾阳不足,痰湿阻络,阴器失养而致,采用自拟消白饮(由淫羊藿、仙茅、桂枝等药组成),同时分别于治疗前后检测自身血清性激素(FSH、LH、E2、P、T);免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM);头发微量元素(Cu、Zn、Fe、Ca、Mg)水平.结果治疗后治愈69例,占85.4%,总有效率100%,治疗后检测FSH、LH、下降,E2、P、T、IgG、IgA、上升,与治疗前比较,有显著性差异(P＜0.05),IgM、微量元素比值与治疗前比较,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论壮阳祛痰法对外阴白色病变患者有较好的治疗效果,具有提高E2、P、T水平,增强机体免疫功能的作用.