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排序方式: 共有1103条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
An integrated review of the correlation between critical thinking ability and clinical decision‐making in nursing
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72.
Alister N. Hodge RN BN Grad. Cert. Critical Care Master of Emergency Nursing Andrea P. Marshall RN IC Cert. BN MN Grad. Cert. Ed. Studies 《Collegian (Royal College of Nursing, Australia)》2009,16(3):101-118
The practice of allowing family to be present during patient resuscitation or invasive procedures (Family Presence) is gaining acceptance in North America and the United Kingdom in controlled circumstances. Research into Family Presence has demonstrated multiple benefits for the patient, family and health care team. These advantages include helping the family to understand the severity of the illness/trauma and to see that appropriate attempts were undertaken to save their loved one. Family Presence can also facilitate improved communication between the health care team and family. In spite of evidence supporting Family Presence as a useful practice for patient, family and health care team, the use of Family Presence is uncommon within Australian emergency departments and hospitals. Clear expectations at organisational, governmental and professional levels are essential to effectively implement this approach. To be supported in the clinical area, the success of a Family Presence program requires an inclusive approach to program development. A critical component of a successful Family Presence program is a family facilitator who is adequately prepared for the role and committed to supporting the family during resuscitation or invasive procedures. Research exploring Family Presence in Australia is lacking and highlights the need for context specific research in this area. 相似文献
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Wang JF; Bashir M; Engelsberg BN; Witmer C; Rozmiarek H; Billings PC 《Carcinogenesis》1997,18(2):371-375
Chromium (Cr) is a human carcinogen and a potent DNA damaging agent.
Incubation of DNA with CrCl3 resulted in dose-dependent binding of Cr to
DNA and, at concentrations >20 microM, altered the electrophoretic
mobility of a 100 bp oligonucleotide. We also demonstrate that high
mobility group (HMG) proteins 1 and 2 bind Cr-damaged DNA (Cr-DNA). Protein
binding was lesion density-dependent, with maximal binding to DNA treated
with 100 microM CrCl3. HMG2 binds to Cr-DNA with a calculated Kd of
approximately 10(-9) M. These proteins also bound DNA obtained from
chromate-treated cells. These results suggest that the covalent attachment
of Cr to DNA induces alterations in DNA structure which are recognized by
HMG1 and HMG2. Therefore, these proteins may function as Cr-damaged DNA
recognition proteins in vivo and as a consequence of binding, may play a
role in directing the cellular response to Cr-DNA adduct formation.
相似文献
76.
F H Hucklebridge B N Hudspith J Muhamed P M Lydyard J Brostoff 《Brain, behavior, and immunity》1989,3(2):183-189
The influence of methionine-enkephalin (Met-Enk) on in vitro proliferation of human peripheral lymphocytes was investigated. Met-Enk, in the concentration range 10(-12) to 10(-4) M enhanced the proliferative response to suboptimal concentrations of concanavalin A of human peripheral lymphocytes and to cells in the absence of mitogen. The response to Met-Enk in the absence of mitogen was not influenced by the presence of fetal calf serum: similar levels of enhancement were seen in cultures supplemented with 10% autologous serum. Enhancement of proliferation was blocked in a concentration-dependent manner by both naloxone and the delta specific antagonist ICI-174864. The sensitivity to the antagonistic influence of ICI-174864 suggests strongly that the stimulatory influence of Met-Enk on human lymphocyte proliferation in the absence of mitogen is mediated via the delta-opioid receptor. 相似文献
77.
Treatment of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) has remained both problematic as well as controversial. Although the sheet anchor in treatment of ABPA still remains steroids, various workers have tried oral antifungals (fluconazole and itraconazole) with encouraging results. This study evaluates the effect of fluconazole or itraconazole in the treatment of ABPA patients and compares them with the patients who had received palliative therapy other than antifungals. Case records of 44 proven cases of ABPA treated at our referral service hospital during February 1998 to April 2001 were analyzed. In addition to oral and inhaled bronchodilators, 16 patients received fluconazole 150 mg OD and 13 patients itraconazole 200 mg OD for six months. Response to therapy was assessed clinically, radiologically and by spirometry every 3 months. Patients who did not receive antifungals had chronic course characterized by airway obstruction, recurrent pulmonary consolidation and obstructive defect on pulmonary function test (PFT). Patients treated with itraconazole had better control of asthma symptoms, less requirement of reliever inhalers, steroids and lesser exacerbations of asthma during follow-up even after stopping antifungal. Fluconazole group had better control of symptoms but improvement in other parameters was not statistically significant. From this study it was evident that itraconazole improved the symptoms of airway obstruction, pulmonary functions, pulmonary opacities and decreased exacerbations during follow up.Key Words: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, Fluconazole, Itraconazole 相似文献
78.
Marjolein Gysels MA PhD Alison Richardson BN MSc PhD RN PGDip Ed RNT † Irene J. Higginson BMBS FFPHM PhD FRCP ‡ 《Health expectations》2007,10(1):75-91
OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of the patient-held record (PHR) in cancer care. BACKGROUND: Patients with cancer may receive care from different services resulting in gaps. A PHR could provide continuity and patient involvement in care. SEARCH STRATEGY: Relevant literature was identified through five electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Cinahl, CCTR and CDSR) and hand searches. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Patient-held records in cancer care with the purpose of improving communication and information exchange between and within different levels of care and to promote continuity of care and patients' involvement in their own care. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Data extraction recorded characteristics of intervention, type of study and factors that contributed to methodological quality of individual studies. Data were then contrasted by setting, objectives, population, study design, outcome measures and changes in outcome, including knowledge, satisfaction, anxiety and depression. Methodological quality of randomized control trials and non-experimental studies were assessed with separate standard grading scales. MAIN RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Seven randomized control trials and six non-experimental studies were identified. Evaluations of the PHR have reached equivocal findings. Randomized trials found an absence of effect, non-experimental evaluations shed light on the conditions for its successful use. Most patients welcomed introduction of a PHR. Main problems related to its suitability for different patient groups and the lack of agreement between patients and health professionals regarding its function. Further research is required to determine the conditions under which the PHR can realize its potential as a tool to promote continuity of care and patient participation. 相似文献
79.
Developing information literacy: a key to evidence-based nursing 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
A. Shorten RN CM BN MSc . C. Wallace RN BA GradDipEd Med P. A. Crookes RN RNT BSc PhD 《International nursing review》2001,48(2):86-92
This report describes the evaluation of a curriculum-integrated programme designed to help students develop an awareness of the nursing literature, the skills to locate and retrieve it, and skills required in its evaluation; in other words'information literacy'. Positive changes in student performance on objective measures of information-literacy skills were revealed as well as a significant increase in the levels of confidence of the student in performing those skills. Students who had undertaken the information-literacy programme ('programme' students) performed better on a range of objective measures of information literacy, as well as reporting higher levels of confidence in these skills, than students who had not participated in the programme ('non-programme' students). Evaluation of this programme provides evidence of the potential usefulness of a curriculum-integrated approach for the development of information-literacy skills within nursing education. With these underlying skills, students will be better equipped to consolidate and extend their key information-literacy skills to include research appreciation and application. These are vital for effective lifelong learning and a prerequisite to evidence-based practice. 相似文献
80.