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21.
Hüseyin Katilmi? Sedat Oztürkcan Ismail Ozdemir I?il Adadan Aziz Tun? Ay?egül Akder Sinan Ba?o?lu 《Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery》2007,136(2):291-295
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the vocal cord and arytenoid mobility in relation to the tumoral involvement of the cricoarytenoid joint (CAJ), thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle, and posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle in whole-organ sections of total laryngectomy specimens. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: The study was prospectively carried out between 1998 and 2003 and involved 133 primary squamous cell carcinoma cases of larynx or pyriform sinus that were treated with total laryngectomy. Preoperative mobility of vocal cords and arytenoids were evaluated separately and correlated with histopathologic findings. RESULTS: In cases with fixed vocal cord CAJ, TA muscle, and PCA muscle were involved in 42.4%, 72.9%, and 27.1% of the cases, respectively, while in cases with fixed arytenoid these structures were affected in 40%, 66.3%, and 25.3% of the cases. Weight effect seemed to play a role in 60% and 50% of the cases of supraglottic and pyriform sinus carcinoma, respectively. CONCLUSION: Careful evaluation of the mobility of the cord arytenoid unit separately helps the surgeon to better understand the patterns of tumoral extension guiding for the appropriate surgery which should be undertaken. 相似文献
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Detection of Vi-negative Salmonella enterica serovar typhi in the peripheral blood of patients with typhoid fever in the Faisalabad region of Pakistan 下载免费PDF全文
Baker S Sarwar Y Aziz H Haque A Ali A Dougan G Wain J Haque A 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2005,43(9):4418-4425
The synthesis and transportation proteins of the Vi capsular polysaccharide of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (serovar Typhi) are encoded by the viaB operon, which resides on a 134-kb pathogenicity island known as SPI-7. In recent years, Vi-negative strains of serovar Typhi have been reported in regions where typhoid fever is endemic. However, because Vi negativity can arise during in vitro passage, the clinical significance of Vi-negative serovar Typhi is not clear. To investigate the loss of Vi expression at the genetic level, 60 stored strains of serovar Typhi from the Faisalabad region of Pakistan were analyzed by PCR for the presence of SPI-7 and two genes essential for Vi production: tviA and tviB. Nine of the sixty strains analyzed (15%) tested negative for both tviA and tviB; only two of these strains lacked SPI-7. In order to investigate whether this phenomenon occurred in vivo, blood samples from patients with the clinical symptoms of typhoid fever were also investigated. Of 48 blood samples tested, 42 tested positive by fliC PCR for serovar Typhi; 4 of these were negative for tviA and tviB. Three of these samples tested positive for SPI-7. These results demonstrate that viaB-negative, SPI-7-positive serovar Typhi is naturally occurring and can be detected by PCR in the peripheral blood of typhoid patients in this region. The method described here can be used to monitor the incidence of Vi-negative serovar Typhi in regions where the Vi vaccine is used. 相似文献
24.
Topical treatments for seasonal allergic conjunctivitis: systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and effectiveness 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Christopher G Owen Anupa Shah Katherine Henshaw Liam Smeeth Aziz Sheikh 《The British journal of general practice》2004,54(503):451-456
BACKGROUND: Evidence for the effectiveness of topical treatments, in providing symptomatic relief from ocular allergy, remains uncertain. AIMS: To assess the effectiveness and relative efficacy of topical treatments for the management of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. DESIGN OF STUDY: A systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING: A literature search of the Cochrane Library, Medline, and EMBASE bibliographic databases. METHOD: Double-masked randomised controlled trials were identified, that compared the use of topical mast cell stabilisers (sodium cromoglycate, nedocromil, lodoxamide) with placebo, topical antihistamines with placebo, and topical mast cell stabilisers with topical antihistamines. RESULTS: A meta-analysis of six trials showed that patients using sodium cromoglycate were 17 times (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4 to 78) more likely to perceive benefit compared with those using a placebo, although this estimate may be partially influenced by publication bias. Five trials indicated that those patients using nedocromil were 1.8 times (95% CI = 1.3 to 2.6) more likely to perceive their allergy to be moderately or totally controlled than those using a placebo. Four trials showed that those using antihistamines were 1.3 times (95% CI = 0.8 to 2.2) more likely to perceive a 'good' treatment effect than those using mast cell stabilisers, although this beneficial effect was not statistically significant. Limited evidence suggests that antihistamines might have a faster therapeutic effect compared to mast cell stabilisers. CONCLUSION: Overall, these findings confirm the benefit of topical mast cell stabilisers and antihistamines over placebo for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. There is, however, insufficient evidence to recommend the use of one type of medication over another. Treatment preferences should therefore be based on convenience of use (with reduced frequency of instillation for some preparations), patient preference, and costs, especially as important side effects were not reported with any medication. 相似文献
25.
A prospective seroepidemiological study of rotavirus infection was performed in children in a village in rural Bangladesh. Ninety-three percent of the children had detectable antibodies during the study, and there were 66 significant rises in titer occurring in 57 of the 85 children. Antibody titer rises occurred in older children and younger children with equal frequency. Nine children (11%) had evidence of multiple infections during the 16-month period. Winter infections were most frequent, although one summer (monsoon) season was also associated with a large cluster. Subjects with high titers (greater than 1:8) of antibody less frequently developed a titer rise than did subjects with lower titers. 相似文献
26.
Hilary Pinnock Lorraine Adlem Suzanne Gaskin Jan Harris Caroline Snellgrove Aziz Sheikh 《The British journal of general practice》2007,57(542):714-722
BACKGROUND: Attendance for routine asthma reviews is poor. A recent randomised controlled trial found that telephone consultations can cost-effectively and safely enhance asthma review rates; however, concerns have been expressed about the generalisability and implementation of the trial's findings. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of a telephone option as part of a routine structured asthma review service. DESIGN OF STUDY: Phase IV controlled before-and-after implementation study. SETTING: A large UK general practice. METHOD: Using existing administrative groups, all patients with active asthma (n = 1809) received one of three asthma review services: structured recall with a telephone-option for reviews versus structured recall with face-to-face-only reviews, or usual-care (to assess secular trends). Main outcome measures were: proportion of patients with active asthma reviewed within the previous 15 months (Quality and Outcomes Framework target), mode of review, enablement, morbidity, and costs to the practice. RESULTS: A routine asthma review was provided for 397/598 (66.4%) patients in the telephone-option group compared with 352/654 (53.8%) in the face-to-face-only review group: risk difference 12.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.2 to 17.9, P<0.001). The usual-care group achieved a review rate of 282/557 (50.6%). Morbidity was equivalent in the three groups; however, enablement (P = 0.03) and confidence (P = 0.007) in asthma management were greater in the telephone-option versus face-to-face-only group. The cost per review achieved by providing the telephone-option service was lower than the face-to-face-only service (10.03 pounds versus 12.74 pounds, mean difference 2.71 pounds; 95% CI = 1.92 to 3.50, P<0.001); usual-care costs were 11.85 pounds per review achieved. CONCLUSION: Routinely offering telephone reviews cost-effectively increased asthma review rates, enhancing patient enablement and confidence with management, with no detriment to asthma morbidity. Practices should consider a telephone option for their asthma review service. 相似文献
27.
Kono Y Yusnita Y Mohd Ali AR Maizan M Sharifah SH Fauzia O Kubo M Aziz AJ 《Archives of virology》2002,147(8):1623-1630
Summary. A virus, named Oya virus, was isolated in Vero cell cultures from the lungs of a pig suspected of Nipah virus infection.
The virus was revealed as a spherical enveloped RNA virus with a diameter of 79 nm. For identification of Oya virus, RT-PCR
was performed. A common primer set for S-RNA of the Simbu serogroup of the genus Bunyavirus was able to amplify a cDNA from Oya virus RNA. The sequence data of the product revealed that the partial gene of Oya virus
S-RNA segment had 65–70% homology with published cDNA sequences of Simbu serogroup viruses. The phylogenetic analysis of the
data showed that the Oya virus is grouped in Simbu serogroup, but is genetically distinct from the serogroup viruses that
have been analyzed molecularly. Serological surveys revealed that the virus distributed widely and densely in Malaysia.
Received January 5, 2002; accepted April 16, 2002 Published online July 19, 2002 相似文献
28.
Muriel Moser Thibaut De Smedt Thierry Sornasse Franoise Tielemans Aziz Alami Chentoufi Eric Muraille Marcelle Van Mechelen Jacques Urbain Oberdan Leo 《European journal of immunology》1995,25(10):2818-2824
Exogenous glucocorticoid hormones are widely used as therapeutical agents, whereas endogenous glucocorticoids may act as physiological immunosuppressants involved in the control of immune and inflammatory responses. The optimal activation of T lymphocytes requires two distinct signals: the major histocompatibility complex-restricted presentation of the antigen and an additional co-stimulatory signal provided by the antigen-presenting cells. There is ample evidence that, among the cells able to present the antigen, the dendritic cells (DC) have the unique property to activate antigen-specific, naive T cells in vitro and in vivo, and are therefore required for the induction of primary immune responses. In this work, we tested whether glucocorticoids affected the capacity of DC to sensitize naive T cells. Our data show that, in vitro, the steroid hormone analog dexamethasone (Dex) affects the viability of DC, selectively downregulates the expression of co-stimulatory molecules on viable DC, and strongly reduces their immunostimulatory properties. In vivo, a single injection of Dex results in impaired antigen presenting function, a finding which correlates with reduced numbers of splenic DC. These results show that glucocorticoids regulate DC maturation and immune function in vitro and in vivo and suggest that this mechanism may play a role in preventing overstimulation of the immune system. 相似文献
29.
30.
Dieye TN Vereecken C Diallo AA Ondoa P Diaw PA Camara M Karam F Mboup S Kestens L 《Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)》2005,39(1):32-37
Flow cytometry is an accurate but expensive method to determine absolute CD4 cell counts. We compared different methods to measure absolute CD4 counts in blood samples from HIV-infected and uninfected subjects using a research/clinical flow cytometer (FACScan); a dedicated clinical instrument (FACSCount); and a volumetric, mobile, open-system flow cytometer equipped with 3 fluorescence and 2 light scatter detectors (Cyflow SL blue). The FACScan and Cyflow were used as single-platform instruments, but they differ in running cost, which is a central factor for resource-poor settings. Direct volumetric and bead-based CD4 measurements on the Cyflow were compared with 2 bead-based single-platform CD4 measurements on the FACSCount and on FACScan (TruCount) in "Le Dantec" Hospital, Dakar, Senegal, using whole blood samples from 102 HIV+ and 28 HIV- subjects. The agreement between the various measurement methods was evaluated by Bland-Altman analysis. Volumetric CD4 measurements on the Cyflow using a no-lyse-no-wash (NLNW) procedure and a lyse-no-wash (LNW) procedure correlated well with each other (R2 = 0.98) and with CD4 measurements on the FACSCount (R2 = 0.97) and FACScan (R2 = 0.97), respectively. Red blood cell lysis had no negative effect on the accuracy of absolute CD4 counting on the Cyflow. An excellent correlation was observed between bead-based CD4 measurements on the Cyflow and CD4 measurements on the FACSCount (R2 = 0.99) and FACScan (R2 = 0.99). Rigid internal and external quality control monitoring and adequate training of technicians were considered essential to generate accurate volumetric CD4 measurements on the Cyflow. 相似文献