全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7716篇 |
免费 | 493篇 |
国内免费 | 46篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 28篇 |
儿科学 | 75篇 |
妇产科学 | 74篇 |
基础医学 | 971篇 |
口腔科学 | 95篇 |
临床医学 | 740篇 |
内科学 | 1779篇 |
皮肤病学 | 224篇 |
神经病学 | 572篇 |
特种医学 | 597篇 |
外科学 | 1522篇 |
综合类 | 34篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 322篇 |
眼科学 | 48篇 |
药学 | 370篇 |
中国医学 | 29篇 |
肿瘤学 | 773篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 49篇 |
2022年 | 77篇 |
2021年 | 164篇 |
2020年 | 117篇 |
2019年 | 155篇 |
2018年 | 187篇 |
2017年 | 155篇 |
2016年 | 207篇 |
2015年 | 203篇 |
2014年 | 268篇 |
2013年 | 366篇 |
2012年 | 511篇 |
2011年 | 572篇 |
2010年 | 358篇 |
2009年 | 350篇 |
2008年 | 519篇 |
2007年 | 516篇 |
2006年 | 541篇 |
2005年 | 555篇 |
2004年 | 463篇 |
2003年 | 466篇 |
2002年 | 438篇 |
2001年 | 92篇 |
2000年 | 74篇 |
1999年 | 78篇 |
1998年 | 108篇 |
1997年 | 95篇 |
1996年 | 55篇 |
1995年 | 46篇 |
1994年 | 31篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 23篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 21篇 |
1989年 | 25篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 28篇 |
1986年 | 29篇 |
1985年 | 19篇 |
1984年 | 22篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 19篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 13篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1929年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有8255条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
981.
Saber Bashir Philip Cookson Michael Wiltshire Louise Hawkins Luke Sonoda Stephen Thomas Axel Seltsam Frank Tolksdorf Lorna M. Williamson Rebecca Cardigan 《Transfusion》2013,53(5):990-1000
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effect of treating platelets (PLTs) using ultraviolet (UV)C light without the addition of any photosensitizing chemicals on PLT function in vitro and PLT recovery and survival in an autologous radiolabeled volunteer study. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: For in vitro studies, pooled or single buffy coat–derived PLT concentrates (PCs) were pooled and split to obtain identical PCs that were either treated with UVC or untreated (n = 6 each) and stored for 7 days. PLT recovery and survival were determined in a two‐arm parallel autologous study in healthy volunteers performed according to BEST guidelines. UVC‐treated or untreated PCs (n = 6 each) were stored for 5 days and were compared to fresh PLTs from the same donor. RESULTS: There were no significant differences on Day 7 of storage between paired UVC‐treated and control PC units for pH, adenosine triphosphate, lactate dehydrogenase, CD62P, CD63, PLT microparticles, and JC‐1 binding, but annexin V binding, lactate accumulation, and expression of CD41/61 were significantly higher in treated units (p < 0.05). Compared with control units, the recovery and survival of UVC‐treated PC were reduced after 5 days of storage (p < 0.05) and when expressed as a percentage of fresh values, survival was reduced by 20% (p = 0.005) and recovery by 17% (p = 0.088). CONCLUSION: UVC‐treated PLTs stored for 5 days showed marginal changes in PLT metabolism and activation in vitro and were associated with a degree of reduction in recovery and survival similar to other pathogen inactivation systems that are licensed and in use. 相似文献
982.
Eike Steinmann Ute Gravemann Martina Friesland Juliane Doerrbecker Thomas H. Müller Thomas Pietschmann Axel Seltsam 《Transfusion》2013,53(5):1010-1018
BACKGROUND: Contamination of blood products with hepatitis C virus (HCV) can cause infections resulting in acute and chronic liver diseases. Pathogen reduction methods such as photodynamic treatment with methylene blue (MB) plus visible light as well as irradiation with shortwave ultraviolet (UVC) light were developed to inactivate viruses and other pathogens in plasma and platelet concentrates (PCs), respectively. So far, their inactivation capacities for HCV have only been tested in inactivation studies using model viruses for HCV. Recently, a HCV infection system for the propagation of infectious HCV in cell culture was developed. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Inactivation studies were performed with cell culture–derived HCV and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a model for HCV. Plasma units or PCs were spiked with high titers of cell culture–grown viruses. After treatment of the blood units with MB plus light (Theraflex MB‐Plasma system, MacoPharma) or UVC (Theraflex UV‐Platelets system, MacoPharma), residual viral infectivity was assessed using sensitive cell culture systems. RESULTS: HCV was sensitive to inactivation by both pathogen reduction procedures. HCV in plasma was efficiently inactivated by MB plus light below the detection limit already by 1/12 of the full light dose. HCV in PCs was inactivated by UVC irradiation with a reduction factor of more than 5 log. BVDV was less sensitive to the two pathogen reduction methods. CONCLUSIONS: Functional assays with human HCV offer an efficient tool to directly assess the inactivation capacity of pathogen reduction procedures. Pathogen reduction technologies such as MB plus light treatment and UVC irradiation have the potential to significantly reduce transfusion‐transmitted HCV infections. 相似文献
983.
Axel Olsen T. Antoine Frommolt Theo Pütz Rudolf Koch Hans Heidler Kurt Walther Schultze H. A. Schmitz Elisabeth Koch Möhlmann Diethelm W. Janisch-Raschkowitsch Hansen Ostertag H. Dietel 《International journal of legal medicine》1943,37(3-4):197-206
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
984.
985.
Grant D. Stewart Sarah J. Welsh Stephan Ursprung Ferdia A. Gallagher James O. Jones Jacqui Shields Christopher G. Smith Thomas J. Mitchell Anne Y. Warren Axel Bex Ekaterini Boleti Jade Carruthers Tim Eisen Kate Fife Abdel Hamid Alexander Laird Steve Leung Jahangeer Malik Iosif A. Mendichovszky Faiz Mumtaz Grenville Oades Andrew N. Priest Antony C. P. Riddick Balaji Venugopal Michelle Welsh Kathleen Riddle Lisa E. M. Hopcroft NAXIVA Trial Group Robert J. Jones 《British journal of cancer》2022,127(6):1051
Background Surgery for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with venous tumour thrombus (VTT) extension into the renal vein (RV) and/or inferior vena cava (IVC) has high peri-surgical morbidity/mortality. NAXIVA assessed the response of VTT to axitinib, a potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor.Methods NAXIVA was a single-arm, multi-centre, Phase 2 study. In total, 20 patients with resectable clear cell RCC and VTT received upto 8 weeks of pre-surgical axitinib. The primary endpoint was percentage of evaluable patients with VTT improvement by Mayo level on MRI. Secondary endpoints were percentage change in surgical approach and VTT length, response rate (RECISTv1.1) and surgical morbidity.Results In all, 35% (7/20) patients with VTT had a reduction in Mayo level with axitinib: 37.5% (6/16) with IVC VTT and 25% (1/4) with RV-only VTT. No patients had an increase in Mayo level. In total, 75% (15/20) of patients had a reduction in VTT length. Overall, 41.2% (7/17) of patients who underwent surgery had less invasive surgery than originally planned. Non-responders exhibited lower baseline microvessel density (CD31), higher Ki67 and exhausted or regulatory T-cell phenotype.Conclusions NAXIVA provides the first Level II evidence that axitinib downstages VTT in a significant proportion of patients leading to reduction in the extent of surgery.Clinical trial registration .Subject terms: NCT03494816Surgical oncology, Renal cell carcinoma, Predictive markers 相似文献
986.
Bozec Alexandre Schultz Philippe Gal Jocelyn Chamorey Emmanuel Chateau Yann Dassonville Olivier Poissonnet Gilles Peyrade Frédéric Saada Esma Guigay Joël Benezery Karen Leysalle Axel Santini Laure Giovanni Antoine Messaoudi Lila Fakhry Nicolas 《European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology》2019,276(9):2531-2539
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Providing cancer patients with adequate information is essential to their confidence and satisfaction regarding medical care. The aims of this study... 相似文献
987.
988.
MW Kramer S Waalkes J Hennenlotter J Serth A Stenzl MA Kuczyk AS Merseburger 《Oncology letters》2010,1(4):621-626
Maspin is a 42-kDa protein that belongs to the family of serine protease inhibitors. It is involved in various physiological processes. In cancer tissue, Maspin was found to influence angiogenesis, tumor growth, metastasis and the prognosis of tumor patients. This study was performed to analyze the involvement of Maspin in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder as well as its prognostic impact in a large patient cohort. Specimens from 162 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients (pTa, 91; pT1, 71) treated by transurethral resection with a minimum 3-year follow-up (median 58.5 months) were included in the present investigation. Tissue microarrays were constructed, and the specimens were immunohistochemically stained for Maspin protein expression. Each tissue specimen was assessed on a staining scale ranging from 0 (no staining) to 300 (strong staining) and correlated with various clinicopathological parameters. Maspin protein expression predicted progression with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 70% (p<0.001). In predicting recurrence, Maspin staining showed 52% sensitivity and 67% specificity (p<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed, and a low Maspin protein expression was correlated with a higher incidence of tumor progression (p<0.0001). However, expression levels of Maspin protein did not distinguish between pTa and pT1 specimens. Multivariate analyses indicated Maspin expression as an independent factor for predicting progression (p<0.0001) and recurrence (p<0.05). The present results suggest that the Maspin protein expression is an independent prognostic indicator for predicting recurrence and progression to muscle invasive disease. This study further emphasizes a possible clinical role of this novel tumor suppressor gene in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. 相似文献
989.
Ohne ZusammenfassungHierzu Taf. XV–XVI. 相似文献
990.
Axel Cedercreutz 《Archives of dermatological research》1907,84(1-3):173-178
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献