Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of a case of breast carcinoma with choriocarcinomatous features

Breast disease is of great concern to patients and health care providers alike. Malignancies of the breast and their various presentations can pose tremendous challenges with respect to early diagnosis and effective treatment. Carcinoma of the breast may appear in several forms and produce one or more ectopic substances. Breast carcinomas that display choriocarcinomatous differentiation and produce human chorionic gonadotropin are very rare. Less than a dozen such cases have been described in the medical literature to date. We report a case of breast carcinoma with choriocarcinomatous features, which is the first to show immunohistochemical evidence of the expression of both estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor. We also discuss the cytopathologic aspects observed and conduct a literature review.     

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of cystic pleomorphic adenoma with adnexa-like differentiation mimicking mucoepidermoid carcinoma: a case report

Although pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) usually can be diagnosed very accurately with fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), even this common salivary gland neoplasm can be diagnostically challenging and cause pitfalls in cytodiagnosis. In particular, the presence of either cystic changes or squamous, mucinous, or sebaceous metaplasia can lead to a false positive diagnosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). Here, we present a case of a 70-yr-old man with an asymptomatic left deep lobe parotid mass for which CT-guided FNAB was performed. The FNAB cytology revealed cohesive clusters of squamous epithelial cells, sebaceous cells, oncocytes, macrophages, and rare myoepithelial cells. Characteristic metachromatic fibrillar chondromyxoid stroma, which usually is seen in PAs, was not seen in the aspirate. Although cytodiagnosis of PAs was suggested based on the presence of other cellular components, resection was recommended. The subsequent parotidectomy specimen revealed an encapsulated cystic PA with mixed appendageal differentiation including areas of squamous, mucinous, sebaceous, and oncocytic metaplasia. Chondromyxoid stroma was only focally present. Presence of squamous, mucinous, and/or sebaceous metaplasia, especially in the absence of chondromyxoid stroma, presents the potential for misinterpretation of the FNAB as indicative of malignancy in general and MEC in particular.     

Does distillery yeast sludge ameliorate moldy feed toxic effects in White Leghorn hens?

Aflatoxin and ochratoxin are important mycotoxins formed by different species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. The purpose of this study was to check the toxic pathological effects of moldy feed in White Leghorn (WLH) hens and to estimate the amelioration by distillery yeast sludge (DYS) against mycotoxins. For this purpose, 100, 40-weeks old WLH hens were procured and kept under standard management conditions. Birds were divided in five equal groups. Birds were kept on moldy feed (ochratoxin A (OTA): 56?μg/kg and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1): 136?μg/kg) mixed with 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% DYS/kg moldy feed. Group A served as control. The birds of the control group were active, with normal feed intake and feathers as compared to moldy feed and in combination with DYS. The attraction toward feed and water, feed intake, body weight gain, egg production (%) and egg weight significantly (p?≤?0.05) decreased in the moldy group as compared to control group. The relative weight of liver, kidney, heart and spleen increased significantly in groups B (moldy feed) and C (moldy feed?+?0.5% DYS) as compared to control group. Total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit lowered significantly in B and C groups. Moldy feed in liver, kidney and spleen produced pathological changes like enlargement, ecchymotic hemorrhages on the surface, vacuolar degeneration, cellular infiltration, congestion, etc. Almost all parameters studied were normal compared to control group with the addition of 2% DYS in moldy feed while 1% DYS partially ameliorated the toxic effects of mycotoxins.