4-酰胺基-4-脱氧-4′-去甲表鬼臼毒素衍生物的合成和抗肿瘤活性

4′-去甲表鬼臼毒素与叠氮酸在三氟化硼乙醚存在下缩合,并经还原得4-氨基-4-脱氧-4′-去甲表鬼臼毒素。该中间体与酸或酸酐反应得相应酰胺化合物24个。经体外筛选,多数化合物抑制L₁₂₁₀和KB细胞活性相当或超过依托泊甙。与相应的醚、酯、胺等类型相比,这一类化合物活性最强。     

可变误差多面体法用于多种维生素的同时测定

本文基于对多元校正分析模型的简要讨论,探索了应用可变误差多面体法同时测定维生索B₁,B₂,B₆和烟酰胺的可行性。其结果准确度和精密度均较满意。维生素B₁,B₂,B₆及烟酰胺的回收率分别是99.8±0.9%(CV),100.1±0.8%(CV),100.2±2.1%,100.1±0.7%(CV)。结果表明,通过公式K_S=A_SC_S^T(C_SC_S^T)^-1计算校正系数矩阵K_S,并结合可变误差多面体法这一直接求解方法,能有效地提高分析结果的准确度,克服组分间的交互作用及病态,是多元校正分析的较佳策略之一。     

Measures and models for causal inference in cross-sectional studies: arguments for the appropriateness of the prevalence odds ratio and related logistic regression

Background  

Several papers have discussed which effect measures are appropriate to capture the contrast between exposure groups in cross-sectional studies, and which related multivariate models are suitable. Although some have favored the Prevalence Ratio over the Prevalence Odds Ratio -- thus suggesting the use of log-binomial or robust Poisson instead of the logistic regression models -- this debate is still far from settled and requires close scrutiny.     

A novel protein tyrosine phosphatase gene is mutated in progressive myoclonus epilepsy of the Lafora type (EPM2)

Progressive myoclonus epilepsy of the Lafora type or Lafora disease (EPM2; McKusick no. 254780) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by epilepsy, myoclonus, progressive neurological deterioration and glycogen-like intracellular inclusion bodies (Lafora bodies). A gene for EPM2 previously has been mapped to chromosome 6q23- q25 using linkage analysis and homozygosity mapping. Here we report the positional cloning of the 6q EPM2 gene. A microdeletion within the EPM2 critical region, present inhomozygosis in an affected individual, was found to disrupt a novel gene encoding a putative protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase). The gene, denoted EPM2, presents alternative splicing in the 5' and 3' end regions. Mutational analysis revealed that EPM2 patients are homozygous for loss-of-function mutations in EPM2. These findings suggest that Lafora disease results from the mutational inactivation of a PTPase activity that may be important in the control of glycogen metabolism.      

青少年型前葡萄膜炎42例

临床资料青少年前葡萄膜炎住院患者42(男23,女19)例,年龄7～16岁,双眼30例,单眼12例,就诊时间3 d～3 mo,急性发病29例,慢性迁徙性13例. 初诊15例,复发27例. 42例均有不同程度视力下降,光感～指数21例,0.04～0.1者15例,≥0.2者6例。     

In-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in women aged 40 years and over

The decline of fertility with age and its possible causes arediscussed; in particular the effect of ageing of oocytes andthe uterus, and the effect of the ageing processes on the resultsof in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer in womenaged <40 years. The role of prestimulation testing in olderwomen is considered together with the importance of screeningand counselling these patients about the likelihood of achievinga live birth. The potential problems that they may face shouldthey become pregnant are reviewed, together with the role ofoocyte donation as an alternative treatment for patients withreduced ovarian reserve. Possible ways of improving the chancesof achieving a live birth in older women using their own oocytesare reviewed, including the use of more effective stimulationprotocols, assisted embryo hatching and co-culture and highorder embryo transfer. The outcome of pregnancies in older womenand some of the ethical problems relating to their treatmentare also discussed.     

四甲基偶氮唑盐法观察三水白虎汤含药血清对体外培养关节炎滑膜细胞增殖的影响

目的:采用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法观察三水白虎汤含药血清对体外培养热痹证型关节炎滑膜细胞增殖的影响。方法:实验于2006-06/09在南方医科大学动物实验中心、中医药学院实验中心及组织工程研究中心完成。实验材料:滑膜组织取自南方医院脊柱外科收治的膝骨关节炎患者(女,68岁)行膝关节镜手术中切除的滑膜组织,患者知情同意。SPF级45d龄Wistar雌性大鼠15只,体质量(120±10)g。三水白虎汤中草药制剂(由南方医院中药房提供,主要成分水牛角、寒水石、白芥子、虎杖、鸡血藤等),来氟米特片(由美国欣凯公司提供)。实验分组:大鼠随机分为三水白虎汤组、来氟米特组以及生理盐水组,分别给予相应药液灌胃7d,制取含药血清。细胞培养实验共分4组,包括正常对照组以及三水白虎汤组、来氟米特组、生理盐水组3组含药血清组。实验干预:滑膜采自膝骨关节滑膜炎滑膜组织,采用体外细胞组织块培养技术,含药血清法接种培养。将第4代的滑膜细胞浓度为5×106L-1接种于板孔,在3组含药血清终浓度分别为10%,20%,30%,40%,50%下培养,正常对照组为完全培养液组。实验评估:①用四甲基偶氮唑盐检测法观察滑膜细胞的增殖。②锥虫蓝染色计数活细胞数,并进行B型细胞鉴定。结果:①滑膜细胞活性鉴定、计数及B型细胞鉴定:滑膜组织块培养后锥虫蓝拒染细胞计数为2×107,测得活性率达97%。免疫组织化学示Vimentin阳性,为B型滑膜细胞特征染色。②各组含药血清对滑膜细胞增殖的影响:生理盐水组和正常对照组的活细胞均明显增加;与生理盐水组和正常对照组比较,三水白虎汤组及来氟米特组的细胞增殖显著受抑致,活细胞数剧减(P<0.001)。在培养前5d,同一含药血清浓度下,三水白虎汤组随着培养天数增加,对细胞增殖的抑制作用增强,5d后抑制作用不再明显增加。同条件下比较活细胞数,三水白虎汤组和来氟米特组之间差异不明显(P>0.05),生理盐水组和正常对照组的活细胞数之间差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论:三水白虎汤含药血清对体外培养关节炎滑膜细胞增殖有显著抑制作用,抑制滑膜增生的途径可能为三水白虎汤治疗类风湿关节炎(热痹证型)的作用机制之一。