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21.
Selecting postoperative adjuvant systemic therapy for early stage breast cancer: A critical assessment of commercially available gene expression assays
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David M. Hyams MD Eric Schuur PhD Javier Angel Aristizabal MD Juan Enrique Bargallo Rocha MD Cesar Cabello MD Roberto Elizalde MD Laura García‐Estévez MD Henry L. Gomez MD Artur Katz MD Aníbal Nuñez De Pierro MD 《Journal of surgical oncology》2017,115(6):647-662
Risk stratification of patients with early stage breast cancer may support adjuvant chemotherapy decision‐making. This review details the development and validation of six multi‐gene classifiers, each of which claims to provide useful prognostic and possibly predictive information for early stage breast cancer patients. A careful assessment is presented of each test's analytical validity, clinical validity, and clinical utility, as well as the quality of evidence supporting its use. 相似文献
22.
Epigenetics is a series of alterations regulating gene expression without disrupting the DNA sequence of bases. These regulatory mechanisms can result in embryogenesis, cellular differentiation, X-chromosome inactivation, and DNA-protein interactions. The main epigenetic mechanisms considered to play a major role in both health and disease are DNA methylation, histone modifications, and profiling of non-coding RNA. When the fragile balance between these simultaneously occurring phenomena is disrupted, the risk of pathology increases. Thus, the factors that determine proper epigenetic modeling are defined and those with disruptive influence are sought. Several such factors with proven negative effects have already been described. Diet and nutritional substances have recently been one of the most interesting targets of exploration for epigenetic modeling in disease states, including autoimmunity. The preventive role of proper nutrition and maintaining sufficient vitamin D concentration in maternal blood during pregnancy, as well as in the early years of life, is emphasized. Opportunities are also being investigated for affecting the course of the disease by exploring nutriepigenetics. The authors aim to review the literature presenting vitamin D as one of the important nutrients potentially modeling the course of disease in selected autoimmune disorders. 相似文献
23.
Iwona Bojar Dorota Raczkiewicz Mariusz Gujski Ewa Humeniuk Artur Wdowiak Alfred Owoc Jarosaw Pinkas 《Archives of Medical Science》2022,18(5):1318
IntroductionA potential way to explain the relationships between sleep disorders and cognitive disorders during menopausal transition is the identification of genetic markers related to changes in cognitive functions, as well as changes in quality of sleep during menopause. The objective was an analysis of the relationship between sleep disorders and cognitive disorders, according to the possessed oestrogen receptor α gene polymorphism (ESR1) in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.Material and methodsThe study included 300 women aged 44–66 years, employed as non-manual workers. A computerised battery of the Central Nervous System Vital Signs (CNS VS) test was used to diagnose cognitive functions. ESR1 polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP methods. The Athens Insomnia Scale was used to diagnose sleep disorders.ResultsMore severe insomnia was related to worse complex memory, visual memory, and simple attention in the total group of examined women. More severe insomnia was related to worse simple attention in women with genotypes AG Xba I or TC Pvu II ESR1, in perimenopausal women with genotypes AG Xba I or TC Pvu II ESR1. During the postmenopausal period, the severity of insomnia negatively correlated with visual memory in carriers of Pvu II TT, and with reaction time in carriers of Xba I AA.ConclusionsThe results indicate an important role of oestrogen receptor α gene polymorphism in the modulation of the effect of insomnia on cognitive functions in peri- and postmenopausal women. 相似文献
24.
Due to their properties, porous sliding bearings are considered to be maintenance-free, which means that no lubrication is required during operation. Their design enables operation at low rotational speeds with high load. Another effect of this bearing design is the lubrication continuity in the tribological pair. In this study, the selected tribological properties (such as load capacity and permeability) of new-generation iron porous bearings with boron nitride powder were experimentally investigated. Tests were carried out under various conditions, using unique test apparatus. The addition of 3% (weight) of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) significantly increased the load capacity of tested porous bearings in comparison to the same standard bearings containing 2.5% copper. The obtained pgr·v rating reached almost 7 MPa, which is a value almost three times higher than the requirements for this type of bearing. It is worth emphasizing that such a result was obtained despite a noticeable deterioration in the air and oil permeability of the bearing. 相似文献
25.
Nanoindentations and the Raman spectroscopy measurements were carried out on the (001) surface of undoped and S-doped InP crystal. The samples were indented with the maximum load ranging from 15 mN to 100 mN. The phase transition B3→B1 was not confirmed by spectroscopic experiments, indicating a plastic deformation mechanism governed by dislocations activity. Increasing the maximum indentation load shifts and the longitudinal and transverse optical Raman bands to lower frequencies reveals a reduction in the elastic energy stored in the plastic zone right below the indentation imprint. Mechanical experiments have shown that a shift in Raman bands occurs alongside the indentation size effect. Indeed, the hardness of undoped and S-doped InP crystal decreases as a function of the maximum indentation load. 相似文献
26.
Grzybowski A Grzybowski G Druzdz A Zaba R 《Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology》2001,103(3):187-194
Purpose: The aim of this study is an estimation of the visual evoked potentials (VEP) in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. The role of the nervous system was pointed out in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Also epidemiologic research confirms that patients with psoriasis are at increased risk of MS development. Materials and methods: A group of 30 psoriatic males aged between 18 and 54 was examined. The results were compared with those obtained from a group of 30 healthy age-matched males and they were correlated with the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI), the skin surface area involved, duration of the disease and duration of the last relapse. In neurological and ophthalmological examinations no pathological symptoms were detected in either group. The VEP examination was executed using pattern reversal (pr) and pattern flash (pf) stimulation. Results: Using pf stimulation, in the group of patients with psoriasis vulgaris, a statistically significant elongation in the latency of P-100 and reduction of response amplitude, not related to the PASI, nor the skin surface area involved, nor duration of the last relapse, were observed. Conclusions: The results of the study indicate subclinical damage of the visual pathway in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. 相似文献
27.
Rodrigo Guellner Ghedini Julio de Oliveira Espinel Elaine Aparecida Felix Artur de Oliveira Paludo Rodrigo Mariano Arthur Rodrigo Ronconi Holand Cristiano Feijó Andrade 《Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia》2013,39(4):490-494
Every year, a large number of individuals become dependent on mechanical
ventilation because of a loss of diaphragm function. The most common causes are
cervical spinal trauma and neuromuscular diseases. We have developed an
experimental model to evaluate the performance of electrical stimulation of the
diaphragm in rabbits using single-channel electrodes implanted directly into the
muscle. Various current intensities (10, 16, 20, and 26 mA) produced tidal
volumes above the baseline value, showing that this model is effective for the
study of diaphragm performance at different levels of electrical stimulation 相似文献
28.
29.
Rakowski Tomasz Siudak Zbigniew Dziewierz Artur Plens Krzysztof Kleczyński Paweł Dudek Dariusz 《Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis》2018,45(1):151-157
Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - According to guidelines, it is recommended to give P2Y12 inhibitors (preferably ticagrelor or prasugrel) at the time of first medical contact in patients... 相似文献
30.
Buscatti Izabel M. Casella Beatriz B. Aikawa Nadia E. Watanabe Andrea Farhat Sylvia C. L. Campos Lucia M. A. Silva Clovis Artur 《Clinical rheumatology》2018,37(5):1325-1325
Clinical Rheumatology - One of the author’s name on this article was incorrectly spelled as “Sylvia C. L. Fahrat” . The correct spelling is “Sylvia C. L. Farhat” and... 相似文献