碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对肠道缺血所致肠道和肝损伤的影响

目的研究急性肠系膜上动脉夹闭后全身应用碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)对肠道和肝的保护作用.方法采用夹闭大鼠肠系膜上动脉40 min 与再灌注72 h 动物模型.72只大鼠随机分成 bFGF 治疗组,肝素生理盐水对照治疗组以及假手术组.用肝功能指标,血浆 TNFa 含量,组织细菌学定量以及病理学方法评价伤后不同时间的治疗效果.结果经 bFGF 治疗的大鼠伤6 h 与24 h 的肝功能损伤较对照明显减轻,血浆 TNFa 含量显著减少.脏器细菌培养以现经bFGF 治疗的大鼠,其肠道细菌迁移至肝脾与淋巴结的发生率较对照治疗组明显下降.结论 bFGF 能显著减轻肠道缺血再灌注对肠道和肝形态与功能损伤.其作用机制可能与 bFGF 的促分裂效应与非促分裂激素样活性有关.     

艾滋病合并肺结核21例临床分析

目的　探讨艾滋病合并肺结核患者临床特点。方法 回顾分析 21例艾滋病合并肺结核患者感染途径、临床表现、辅助检查及诊治情况。结果 21例患者中青壮年占 95.2%，其HIV感染途径主要是血液接触传播 15例占 71.4%和性接触传播 9例占 42.9%，两种感染途径兼有 4例占 19.0%。临床表现有持续发热(100%)、咳嗽 (61.9%)、腹泻 (33.3%) 1个月以上的特点。PPD试验阴性率 81.9%。全身淋巴结肿大 61.9%。X线表现播散型肺结核 76.2%，同时罹患肺外淋巴结核 52.4%，半年内病死率 61.9%。结论 艾滋病合并肺结核患者PPD试验阴性率高，X线表现不典型，病情复杂，疗效差，病死率高。     

甲状腺肿触诊法可靠性辩析

三位医生分别对２５５名儿童进行了甲状腺触诊检查，Ａ医生检出率为１５．６９％，Ｂ医生为３０．５９％，Ｃ医生为２１．５７％。Ａ与Ｂ医生甲肿率符合率（Ｋａｐｐａ值）是０．３２，Ａ与Ｃ医生符合是０．４０，Ｂ与Ｃ医生符合度是０．２５，重复性差，可信程度低。三位医生触诊与“Ｂ超”检查结果比较，符合度分别为Ａ医生０．２１，Ｂ医生０．１１Ｃ０．１４，符合度很低，真实性很差。作者对研究结果做了扼要讨论，并提供了相应     

Viral meningitis, active and reserve components, U.S. Armed Forces, 2002-2011

Viruses are the most common causes of meningitis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. During the 10-year surveillance period, there were 3,205 confirmed cases, 724 probable cases, and 2,495 suspected cases of viral meningitis among active and reserve component members. In all three categories of cases, the most common diagnoses were meningitis due to enteroviruses; however a majority of these were unspecified enteroviruses. Nearly two-thirds (64.2%) of all cases due to enteroviral infection were hospitalized; on average, cases were hospitalized for 3.2 days. Numbers of cases peaked in late summer/early fall; and higher than average numbers of cases in 2003 reflected several outbreaks that occurred in civilian populations that year. Six states (Texas, California, Virginia, North Carolina, Florida, Georgia) reported the most cases in 2003 and overall during the period. Prevention of viral meningitis relies upon the interruption of viral transmission, e.g., thorough hand washing and disinfection of contaminated surfaces.     

Typical viewpoints of objects are better detected than atypical ones

Previous work has claimed that canonical viewpoints of objects are more readily perceived than noncanonical viewpoints. However, all of these studies required participants to identify the object, a late perceptual process at best and arguably a cognitive process (Pylyshyn, 1999). Here, we extend this work to early vision by removing the explicit need to identify the objects. In particular, we asked participants to make an intact/scrambled discrimination of briefly presented objects that were viewed from either typical or atypical viewpoints. Notably, participants did not have to identify the object; only discriminate it from noise (scrambled). Participants were more sensitive in discriminating objects presented in typically encountered orientations than when objects were presented in atypical depth rotations (Experiment 1). However, the same effect for objects presented in atypical picture plane rotations (as opposed to typical ones) did not reach statistical significance (Experiments 2 and 3), suggesting that particular informative views may play a critical role in this effect. We interpret this enhanced perceptibility, for both these items and good exemplars and probable scenes, as deriving from their high real-world statistical regularity.     

双苄基异喹啉季铵类化合物的合成及肌肉松驰活性

目的：获得起效快、复原快的肌肉松驰剂。方法：1类化合物以汉防乙甲素为原料,经季铵化制得。Ⅱ类以阿曲库铵的结构为模板,对其1－取代基进行结构改造而得,所有目的化合物的结构经IR、^1HNMR、MS鉴定。结果：设计合成了未见文献报道的11个两类双苄基异喹啉季铵类化合物。结论：初步药理试验表明,目的化合物1c的起效剂量、起效时间与汉肌松相当。     

高效液相色谱法测定格列喹酮的血药浓度

建立了格列喹酮血药浓度的测定方法。该法使用ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１８色谱柱,以乙腈－水（６５３５）为流动相,流速为１．０ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ,检测波长为３１０ｎｍ,灵敏度为０．００１ＡＵＦＳ。线性范围为５０～２０００ｎｇ／ｍｌ,方法回收率为９５％以上,日内、日间误差小于７．０％。