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11.
12.
Saipin Chotivichien Lenore Arab Wisit Prasithsirikul Weerawat Manosuthi Sangsom Sinawat 《AIDS care》2016,28(2):257-265
HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy have increased risk of metabolic syndrome, including dyslipidemia. In this study, we determined whether individual nutritional counseling reduced dyslipidemia, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, among HIV-infected patients with dyslipidemia not currently taking lipid-lowering medication. We conducted a randomized 24-week trial among HIV-infected patients with dyslipidemia who were on antiretroviral therapy and were eligible to initiate therapeutic lifestyle changes according to the Thai National Cholesterol Education Program. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group that received individual counseling with a nutritionist for seven sessions (baseline, weeks 2, 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24) and a control group that received standard verbal diet information at baseline and nutritional counseling only at week 24. A 24-h recall technique was used to assess dietary intake for both groups at baseline and week 24. Lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride) was measured at baseline and after 12 and 24 weeks of therapy. An intention-to-treat and linear mixed model were used. Seventy-two patients were randomly assigned, and 62 (86%) participants completed their lipid profile test. After 12 weeks of follow-up, there were significant reductions in the intervention group for total cholesterol (?14.4?±?4.6?mg/dL, P?=?.002), LDL cholesterol (?13.7?±?4.1?mg/dL, P?=?.001), and triglyceride (?30.4?±?13.8?mg/dL, P?=?.03). A significant reduction in LDL cholesterol was also observed in the control group (?7.7?±?3.8?mg/dL, P?=?.04), but there were no significant differences in change of mean lipid levels between the groups at 12 weeks of follow-up. After 24 weeks, participants assigned to the intervention group demonstrated significantly greater decreases in serum total cholesterol (?19.0?±?4.6?vs. 0.2?±?4.3?mg/dL, P?=?.003) and LDL cholesterol (?21.5?±?4.1?vs. ?6.8?±?3.8?mg/dL, P?=?.009). There were no significant changes in HDL cholesterol or triglyceride levels in either group. 相似文献
13.
SB Cho JH Kim S Cho JM Park YK Park SH Oh 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2011,25(1):64-67
Background The clinical characteristics of vitiligo in children and adolescents with an emphasis on thyroid dysfunction have only been reported in a few studies. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of children and adolescents with vitiligo and compare the incidence of thyroid dysfunction between them and controls without vitiligo at the same age. Methods A retrospective analysis of 324 Korean children and adolescents with vitiligo was performed. The results of thyroid function screening tests in them (n = 254) were compared with controls (n = 122). Results Of the total 324 children and adolescents with vitiligo, vitiligo vulgaris was the most common type (42.3%) and the most commonly involved site was the face (54.6%). A total of 15 of 254 (5.9%) patients screened for thyroid function were diagnosed with thyroid disease (four had Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; two, Graves’ disease; seven, subclinical hypothyroidism; and two, subclinical hyperthyroidism). None of the 50 patients with segmental vitiligo showed any thyroid dysfunction (P = 0.047). There was no significant difference in the incidence of thyroid disease between children and adolescents with vitiligo and the control group, in which seven of 122 (5.7%) showed thyroid dysfunction. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated the characteristics of children and adolescents with vitiligo and also observed no significant difference in the incidence of thyroid disease between children and adolescents with vitiligo and the control group. 相似文献
14.
Lenore Arab 《Nutrition and cancer》2013,65(3):271-283
Coffee consumption is a major and frequent dietary exposure in diverse cultures around the globe whose safety has been questioned. A substantial body of epidemiologic evidence, consisting of over 500 papers relating the consumption of coffee to cancer of various sites, has accumulated to date. Numerous individual, site-specific meta analyses have been undertaken at various times. However, there is no comprehensive, up-to-date overview of the entirety of the knowledge base. To address this need, this review summarized the findings of the meta analyses and recent papers on site-specific human cancers among coffee consumers. For hepatocellular and endometrial cancers, there appears to be a strong and consistent protective association; for colorectal cancer, the direction of association is borderline protective. There appears to be no association with breast, pancreatic, kidney, ovarian, prostate, or gastric cancer. Risk of bladder cancer appears to be associated with heavy coffee consumption in some populations and among men. The associations with childhood leukemia and mother's consumption of coffee were ambiguous—with some suggestion of risk at high levels of daily consumption. 相似文献
15.
16.
Human burst-forming units-erythroid need direct interaction with stem cell factor for further development 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:6
To understand the factors that regulate the early growth and development of immature erythroid progenitor cells, the burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E), it is necessary to have both highly purified target cells and a medium free of serum. When highly purified human blood BFU-E were cultured in a serum-free medium adequate for the growth of later erythroid progenitors, BFU-E would not grow even with the addition of recombinant human interleukin-3 (rIL-3), known to be essential for these cells. However, the addition of recombinant human stem cell factor (rSCF), which supports germ cell and pluripotential stem cell growth, stimulated BFU-E to grow equally well in serum-free as in serum-containing medium. Limiting dilution studies showed that rSCF acts directly on the BFU-E that do not require accessory cells for growth. Furthermore, rSCF was necessary for BFU-E development during the initial 7 days of culture, until these cells reached the stage of the late progenitors, the colony-forming units-erythroid (CFU-E). These studies indicate that early erythropoiesis is dependent on the direct action of SCF that not only affects early stem cells but is continually necessary for the further development of committed erythroid progenitor cells until the CFU-E stage of maturation. 相似文献
17.
Decreased expression of phospholipase C-beta 2 isozyme in human platelets with impaired function 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:4
Platelets from a patient with a mild inherited bleeding disorder and abnormal platelet aggregation and secretion show reduced generation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, mobilization of intracellular Ca2+, and phosphorylation of pleckstrin in response to several G protein mediated agonists, suggesting a possible defect at the level of phospholipase C (PLC) activation (see accompanying report). A procedure was developed that allows quantitation of platelet PLC isozymes. After fractionation of platelet extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography, 7 out of 10 known PLC isoforms were detected by immunoblot analysis. The amount of these isoforms in normal platelets decreased in the order PLC- gamma 2 > PLC-beta 2 > PLC-beta 3 > PLC-beta 1 > PLC-gamma 1 > PLC- delta 1 > PLC-beta 4. Compared with normal platelets, platelets from the patient contained approximately one-third the amount of PLC-beta 2, whereas PLC-beta 4 was increased threefold. These results suggest that the impaired platelet function in the patient in response to multiple G protein mediated agonists is attributable to a deficiency of PLC-beta 2. They document for the first time a specific PLC isozyme deficiency in human platelets and provide an unique opportunity to understand the role of different PLC isozymes in normal platelet function. 相似文献
18.
Jadidi Nilofar Alesaeidi Samira Arab Fatemeh Pakzad Bahram Siasi Elham Esmaeilzadeh Emran 《Clinical rheumatology》2022,41(11):3487-3494
Clinical Rheumatology - MiRSNPs may interfere with mRNA stability through effects on microRNAs (miRNAs)-mRNA interactions via direct changes in miRNA binding site or effect on the secondary... 相似文献
19.
Mojtaba Jafari Hossein Rafiei Asra Nassehi Farzaneh Soleimani Mansuor Arab Mohammad Reza Noormohammadi 《Indian Journal of Palliative Care》2015,21(2):192-197
Background:
Education about caring for dying patients could be effective in changing nursing students’ attitude toward caring for dying patients.Aim:
The aim of the present study was to examine the nursing students’ attitude toward caring for dying patients and effects of education on their attitude.Materials and Methods:
The present study enjoys a quasi-experimental method with using one-group pre-test/post-test design conducted in Bam in southeast of Iran. The attitude of nursing students was measured using Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying (FATCOD) scale before and after an educational intervention. Data were analyzed using non-parametric tests in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 18 software.Results:
Of 32 students, 30 participated in this study (response rate of 94%). Only 20% of the students reported previous experience of dying patients in their clinical courses. Students showed moderately negative to neutral attitudes toward caring for dying patients. Education has improved students’ attitude significantly (mean score of FATCOD before study were 3.5 ± 0.43 and after intervention were 4.7 ± 0.33) (P < 0.001).Conclusion:
Educational programs about death and caring for dying patients should be added to undergraduate nursing curricula. Further research recommended examining nursing students’ knowledge about caring for dying patients and the effect of education on their knowledge. 相似文献20.
E J Ladusans S A Qureshi J M Parsons S Arab E J Baker M Tynan 《British heart journal》1990,63(6):362-367
Percutaneous balloon dilatation was attempted in 15 consecutive neonates (mean age 7.3 (range 1-27) days and weight 3.2 (range 2.5-4.1) kg) with critical stenosis of the pulmonary valve. Dilatation was successful in 11 (73%) patients. The mean balloon to annulus ratio was 1.1 (range 0.6-1.77). The ratio of right ventricle to femoral artery systolic pressure decreased from a mean (1 SD) of 1.4 (0.32) before to 0.8 (0.24) after dilatation and the transvalvar gradient decreased from 81 (29.7) mm Hg before to 33 (27.7) mm Hg after dilatation. All four (27%) patients in whom dilatation was unsuccessful underwent surgical valvotomy. Complications of balloon dilatation occurred in three (20%) patients; these included retroperitoneal haematoma (one) and iliofemoral venous occlusion (two). In one (7%) patient severe hypoxia and hypotension developed when the valve was crossed with a guide wire and balloon catheter. Despite successful dilatation he died 7 days after the procedure. During a mean (1 SD) follow up of 2 (1.7) years, seven (64%) of the 11 patients remained free of important restenosis. One patient required repeat dilatation three weeks after the initial procedure. In three (27%) patients restenosis developed 4-9 months after dilatation and all three had surgical valvotomy. Of the four patients initially referred for surgery three required a second operation and one required balloon dilatation. Percutaneous balloon dilatation gave effective relief of critical pulmonary stenosis in most neonates but complications and restenosis requiring surgery were common. 相似文献